北京市2022高考英语（新人教版）一轮复习练习手册（31）附详细解析课时作业(三十一) [选修7 Unit1Livingwell](限时：35分钟)完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—40各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。(改编自浙江省余杭十四中考试题)Whenwereadbooksweseemto21anewworld.Thisnewworldcanbesimilartotheonewearelivingin,oritcanbevery 22 .Somestoriesaretold 23 theyweretrue.Realpeople24liveinanormalworlddorealthings;inotherwords,thestoriesareaboutpeoplejustlikeusdoingwhatwedo.Otherstories,suchastheHarryPotterbooks,arenot 25.Theyarecharactersandcreaturesthatareverydifferentfromusanddothingsthatwouldbe 26 forus.27thereismoretobooksandwritingthanthis.Ifwethinkaboutit,evenrealisticwritingisonlyimagined.Howcanwetellthedifferencebetweenwhatisrealandwhatisnotreal?Forexample,whenwereadaboutHarryPotter,we 28 seemtolearnsomethingabouttherealworld.AndwhenHarrystudiesmagicatHogwarts,healsolearnsmoreabouthisreallifethan 29 .Reading,likewriting,isanaction.Itisaway_30_living.Whenwereadorwritesomething,wedomuchmorethansimplelookatwordsonapage.Weuseour 31 --whichisreal—andourimagination—whichisrealinadifferentway---tomakethewordscometolifeinourminds.Bothrealismandfantasy(幻想) 32 theimaginationandthe“magic”ofreadingandwritingtomakeusthink.Whenweread 33 realistic,wehavetoimaginethatthepeoplewearereadingaboutarejustlikeus,eventhough11,we 34 thatwearerealandtheyare35.Itsoundsstrange,butitworks.Whenweread,wefillinmissinginformationand 36 aboutthecausesandeffectsofwhatacharacterdoes.Wehelpthewriterby pretending that_37_wereadislikereallife.Inaway,wearewritingthebook,too.Mostofusprobablydon’tthinkaboutwhatisgoingoninour 38 whenwearereading.Wepickupabookandlose 39inagoodstory,eagertofindoutwhatwillhappennext.Knowinghowwefeel 40wereadcanhelpusbecomebetterreaders,anditwillhelpusdiscovermoreabouttherealmagicofbooks.21. A.arriveB.enterC.comeD.get22. A.possibleB.easy C.new D.different23. A.that B.what C.whether D.asif24. A.whoB.whom C.whereD.which25. A.realistic B.reasonableC.moral D.instructive26. A.difficult B.impossible C.important D.necessary27. A.OtherwiseB.ButC.WhileD.Furthermore28. A.do B.make C.have D.are29. A.lessons B.dreams C.experience D.magic30. A.withB.toC.forD.of11,31. A.knowledgeB.skill C.words D.grammar32. A.make B.get C.use D.have33. A.anewspaper B.something C.everything D.astory34. A.find B.learn C.know D.hope35. A.too B.not C.all D.so36. A.talk B.learn C.read D.think37. A.thatB.whatC.whichD.when38. A.mind B.life C.world D.society39. A.heart B.time C.money D.ourselves40. A.what B.how C.when D.why第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)21-25.BDDAA26-30.BBADD31-35.ACBCB36-40.DBADC****************************************************结束11,Ⅰ.单项填空1．Somegroupsstillhavedifficulties________access________socialservices.A．gain;inB．gaining;toC．togain;toD．gaining;of2．Experimentofthiskind________inboththeU．S.andEuropewellbeforetheSecondWorldWar.A.haveconductedB.havebeenconductedC.hadconductedD.hadbeenconducted3．RoseisMr.Smith'ssecretary,soshehas________toallhisbusinessemails.A.powerB.accountC.wayD.access4．PEwillbepartofthehighschoolgraduationexaminations.________，youwillhavetobestrongandhealthytograduate.A．InneedB．IncaseC．InnotimeD．Inotherwords5．IhopeIwillnotbecalledoninclassasI'mnotyet________prepared.A．readilyB．activelyC．fullyD．attentively6．Havinglivedinthetownforquiteafewyears,Mr.Johnsonnolongerfelt________amongthelocalpeople.A．outoforderB．outofplaceC．outofcontrolD．outofthequestion7．Thelecturemainlydealswiththetroubletheyounghave________rightfromwrong.A．distinguishedB．distinguishingC．todistinguishD．tobedistinguished8．Iamextremely________atthewayhealwaysstaresatmeintheoffice.A．troubledB．worriedC．annoyedD．anxious9．Someformsofalgaehave________togrowonice.A．adoptedB．adaptedC．advocated D．addicted10．Clairethoughtitwasridiculous________bysuchasmallboy.A．tobemadefunofB．tomadefunofC．tomadefunD．makingfunof11．________thedangerfromthenuclearradiation，Japanesepeoplehavetodealwithasevereshortageoffood，clothing，fuelandalmosteverything.A．AsgoodasB．AslongasC．AsfarasD．Aswellas12．Itwasfromonlyafewsuppliesthatshehadboughtinthevillage________thehostesscookedsuchanicedinner.A．whereB．thatC．whenD．which13．—You'vegotastomachache？Butweateatthesameplace.Howcomemystomach11,isfine?—Youhaveanironstomach！Mineisn't________strong.A．asB．suchC．muchD．enough14．________thetheory，thescientistsaskedmorethansixtycollegestudentstotakepartintheexperiment.A．BeingtestedB．TotestC．TestingD．Tested15．—Mike，ourteamwillplayagainsttheRocketsthisweekend.I'msurewewillwin.—________！A．CongratulationsB．CheerupC．BestwishesD．GoodluckⅡ.完形填空Beforegraduationfromcollege，mysonbegantoseekajob.Hetargetedacompanywhichplannedto__16__onlyoneperson.However，therewereover20candidates，amongwhomwasmyson.I__17__him，“It'sdifficulttogetintothecompany.Don't__18__toomuchforfearthatyouwouldfeeldisappointedwhenyoufail.”Mysonsaidsmilingly，“__19__Itry，therewillbehope！”Ofthe20candidates，onlythreecould__20__thefinalround，whichwouldlaterdecidetheonetobeemployed.Everythingseemedto__21__quitewellandmyson__22__thefirstroundandenteredthefinal.Unexpectedly，thefinalinterviewwasunbelievably__23__，andallofthemwereaskedtogohomeandwaitforthe__24__oftheinterview.Onemorning，myson__25__atextfromthecompanythathewasnotemployed.BeforeI__26__whattosaytocomforthim，Iwastoldthatafternoonthatmysonreceivedanother__27__sayinghewasemployed.__28__thefirsttextwasalsopartofthetestintheinterview.Thethreemenreceivedthesametextthatmorningandonlymyson's__29__wassatisfyingtothecompany，sohewasemployed.Iaskedmyson__30__theyreplied.Mysontoldmethatone__31__silent，onesaid“goodbye”andhesaid“thankyou”．OnlythendidIknowmyson's“__32__”cameinthatway.Thatis:don'tforgettosay“thankyou”tothosewhoeven__33__you.Saying“thankyou”showsyour__34__forothers'work，therefore，youwillgettheupperhandintermsof__35__comparedwithothersunderthesameconditions.16．A.employB．supportC．manageD．interview17．A.interruptedB．promisedC．remindedD．followed18．A.spendB．expectC．wasteD．wish19．A.AsifB．AssoonasC．EvenifD．Aslongas20．A.enterB．surviveC．changeD．judge21．A.moveB．goC．fitD．stay22．A.passedB．earnedC．leftD．started11,23．A.challengingB．simpleC．perfectD．secret24．A.courseB．planC．answerD．result25．A.preparedB．receivedC．copiedD．wrote26．A.figuredoutB．tookupC．setoffD．workedon27．A.giftB．noteC．textD．rule28．A.RidiculouslyB．ActuallyC．CleverlyD．Sadly29．A.replyB．questionC．reasonD．belief30．A.whenB．whatC．howD．whom31．A.gotB．keptC．madeD．went32．A.hopeB．dreamC．planD．aim33．A.cheatB．hateC．dislikeD．disappoint34．A.pityB．doubtC．respectD．desire35．A.chancesB．skillsC．lessonsD．salariesⅢ.阅读理解OnDecember8,1980,JohnLennon—anEnglishmusicianwhorosetofameasoneofthefoundingmembersofLiverpoolpopbandtheBeatles—wasshotdeadoutsidehisNewYorkapartment.Inthe1960sand70s,Lennonwasoneofthemosticonic(偶像的)menontheplanet.Some30yearsagofromhisdeath,heisstillrespectedbymanypeopleintheWest.TheBeatles,formedin1960inLiverpool,wereoneofthemostcommercialsuccessfulactsinthehistoryofpopmusic,with,accordingtosomeestimates,globalrecordsalesover1.1billion.Thebandconveyedtheprogressiveidealsinwhichmanyyoungpeopleofthetimebelieved.Inthe1960sand70s,widespreadtensiondevelopedinbothBritishandAmericansociety,regardingissuessuchaswomen'srightsandtheVietnamWar.LennoninparticularbecameknownforhismessageofpeaceandforhisoppositiontothewarinVietnam.ThisledtoanattemptbyformerUSpresidentRichardNixontodrivehimawayfromtheUS.Lennon'ssecondwifeYokoOnowasalsopoliticallyactive.Lennonwasalsohugelyadmiredforhismusicalabilities.LennonandhisfellowPaulMcCartneyweretheBeatles'songwritingteam.AfterLennonwasshotbycrazyfanMarkChapman，oneofhismosticonicsongs，Imagine,becameahumanistanthem(颂歌)．Lennon'slegacysurvivedhisdeathandcontinuedtillthisday.In2022,hewasrankedthefifthgreatestsingerofalltimeinUSbasedRollingStonemagazine.FormerpossessionsofLennonorfurnishingsfromhishomescontinuetobesoldforvastsums.11,Inanauction(拍卖)tobeheldnextweekinLondon,lineswrittenbyLennononthebackofademandforanoutstandingbillareexpectedtosellfor￡350，000.InAugust,abathroomfromhislasthomeinBritain,wasauctionedfor￡9，500.Andin2022,aBritishfilmdescribinghisearlyyearsbeforetheBeatlesbegan,wasoneofthemostsuccessfulfilmsoftheyearsintheUK.ButdoLennonandhismusiccontinuetoresonate(共鸣)withtheyoungpeopleoftoday?36．ThepassageiswrittenheretoshowthatLennonhas________．A．lastingappealB．alonghistoryC．excitingrecordsD．greatsuccess37．WhichofthefollowingisrightabouttheBeatlesaccordingtothepassage?A．Itwasfoundedinthe1960sinLondon.B．Ithad1.1billionsalesinBritain.C．Itwascommerciallysuccessful.D.Manyoftoday'syoungpeoplebelieveitsideals.38．LennonwasforcedtoleavetheUSasaresultof________．A．thetensionbetweenBritainandAmericaB．hiswife'spoliticalactivityC．hisstruggleforwomen'srightsD．hisoppositiontothewarinVietnam39．Wecanguessthattherestofthepassagewilltellus________．A．whyLennonandhismusicarestillpopularwithtoday'syoungpeopleB．whyLennonandhismusicspoiltoday'sgenerationsofyoungpeopleC．thattoday'sgenerationsofyoungpeopledon'tlikeLennon'ssongsD．thattoday'sgenerationsofyoungpeoplelikeLennon'ssongsbetterⅣ.[2022·福建卷]短文填词Peopleoftendon'tdowhattheyreallywanttoforfearoffailure.Youdon'tapplyforajob40.________caseyoudon'tgetit.Youdon'tperformattheschoolconcert41.b________othersmightlaughatyou.Alackofconfidencecan42.l________toalotofsuffering.Thekeyto43.o________thisproblemistobelieveinyourself.Thismightbe44.________(容易)saidthandone,buttherearemany45.w________tohelpyoudothis.Talkaboutyourproblemwithafriendorlook46.________adviceontheInternet.Imagineyourselfbeing47.________(成功)andpractisebreathingtechniquestokeepyoucalmwhenyougetnervous.Andthe48.________importantthingis:believeyoucandoit.Whenyou've49.________(学会)todothat,youarewellonyourway.参考答案课时作业(三十一)Ⅰ.1.B 考查非谓语动词和介词搭配。句意：一些群体仍然很难得到享受社会服务的权利。havedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth.“做某事有困难”和accesstosth.“(使用或见到……的)机会/权利”都是固定用法。11,2．D 考查动词时态和语态。主语experiment与conduct构成动宾关系，谓语使用被动形式。beforetheSecondWorldWar是过去的过去，故用过去完成时。3．D 考查名词词义辨析。access接触，使用。句意：罗斯是史密斯先生的秘书，所以她有权阅读他的商务邮件。power力量；account账号；way方法。4．D 考查介词短语辨析。inotherwords换句话说。句意：体育将要成为高中毕业考试的一门课程，换句话说，要想高中毕业，你得身体强壮、健康。inneed需要；incase以防；innotime立刻，马上。5．C 考查副词词义辨析。fully完全地，全部地，充分地。句意：我希望课堂上我不会被叫起来回答问题，因为我准备不充分。readily乐意地；actively积极地；attentively注意地，留意地。6．B 考查介词短语辨析。句意：在这个城市里住了好几年，约翰逊先生在当地人当中不再感到别扭了。outofplace“不适宜；不得体”，作表语用，符合句意。outoforder发生故障，出毛病；outofcontrol失去控制；outofthequestion不可能。7．B 考查非谓语。此处是havetrouble(in)doingsth结构。8．C beannoyedat…“对生气的，恼火的”。句意：他在办公室老是盯着我看，我对此很是生气。9．B 考查动词辨析。句意：一些藻类已经适应在冰上生长。adopt采用，收养；adapt适应，改编；advocate提倡；addict使上瘾。由句意可知B项正确。10．A 考查非谓语。句意：克莱尔认为被这样一个小男孩取笑是荒唐的。根据句意可知，应用被动语态；makefunof“取笑”，符合句意。故答案为A。11．D 考查短语辨析。asgoodas意为“和……一样好，几乎等于”；aslongas意为“和……一样长；只要”；asfaras意为“远到”；aswellas意为“除了”。句意：日本人民除了遭受核辐射的危险外，还有严重的食物、衣物、燃料等几乎所有物品的短缺问题。故D项正确。12．B 句意：女主人用从村庄买来的仅仅几样东西就做出了如此美妙的晚餐。这是一个强调句，强调的是onlyafewsupplies，第一个that引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词supplies。13．A 考查比较句式。语意表示“我”的胃不如你的胃结实，题干中含有“notas/so＋形容词＋as”结构，表示“前者不如后者……”因此空缺处用as。可把题干还原为：Mineisn'tas/sostrongasyours.14．B 考查非谓语动词。这里不定式短语在句中作目的状语，表示“为了验证这个理论”。15．D 考查习惯用语。从双方的谈话中可知将要在周末进行比赛，因此应祝对方好运，故用Goodluck！Congratulations用于向对方表示祝贺；Cheerup“振奋点”，用于鼓励、安慰对方；Bestwishes用于祝愿对方。Ⅱ.由于竞争激烈，作者一开始对于儿子应聘一家公司的工作并未抱太大的希望。结果儿子最后却被录用了。对此作者深有感触，认为尊重别人的工作就会在同等条件下比别人获得更多的机会。16．A 根据下文“whichwouldlaterdecidetheonetobeemployed”可知，公司计划只雇用一个人。employ表示“雇用”；support表示“支持”；manage表示“管理，经营，能应付”；interview表示“面试，采访”。17．C 根据上下文语境可知，参与应聘的有20人，从中只录取1人，作者认为儿子进入该公司的难度很大，于是提醒儿子。interrupt表示“打断”；promise表示“答应，许诺”；remind表示“提醒，使想起”；follow表示“跟随，听懂”。“reminded”符合语境。11,18．B 根据语境可知，此处指作者提醒儿子不要抱太大希望，以免没被雇用后会失望。在四个选项中，“expect”表示“期望，预期，预料”，符合语境。19．D 句意：儿子笑着说：“只要我尽力就有希望。”四个选项均可引导状语从句，asif用来引导方式状语从句；assoonas引导时间状语从句；evenif引导让步状语从句，aslongas引导条件状语从句。根据语境可知，空格处表示的是一种条件。20．A 根据下文“enteredthefinal”可知，在20名应聘人当中，只有3人能够进入最后一轮。enter表示“进入”，故答案选A。21．B 根据下文语境可知，儿子进入了最后一轮面试，由此推知，此处指一切似乎进展不错。go有“进行”之意，符合语境。故答案选B。22．A 作者的儿子通过了第一轮面试，进入到最后一轮。根据语境可知，空格处应该使用“passed”。23．B 句意：出乎意料，最后一轮面试出奇地简单，就是回家等待面试结果。四个选项均为形容词，challenging表示“具有挑战性的”；simple表示“简单的，简朴的”；perfect表示“完美的”；secret表示“秘密的”。B项符合语境。24．D 根据语境可知，此处指的是回家等待最终的面试结果。result意为“结果”，符合语境。25．B 根据下文“Thethreemenreceivedthesametext…”可知，应选received。26．A 句意：在我还没想出该说什么来安慰儿子时…… figureout表示“想出，理解”；takeup表示“从事，拿起，占据”；setoff表示“出发，动身”；workon表示“继续工作”。由此可知，空格处应该使用“figuredout”。27．C 根据上文中的“atext”及“another”可知，空格处应该选“text”，表示又收到了一份通知。28．B ridiculously表示“荒唐地”；actually表示“实际上”；cleverly表示“伶俐地，聪明地”；sadly表示“伤心地”。根据语境可知，实际上，第一份通知也是面试测试的一部分，B项符合文意。29．A 根据下文“Iaskedmyson…theyreplied.”可知，在参加最后一轮面试的三个人当中，只有作者儿子的答复令公司满意。reply表示“回答，答复”，符合文意。30．C 根据下文“Mysontoldmethatone…silent，onesaid‘goodbye’andhesaid‘thankyou’．”可知此处指作者问儿子他们是如何答复公司的，故答案选C。31．B keepsilent为固定短语，意为“保持沉默”，符合语境。32．A 只有那时，作者才知道儿子的希望是以这种方式获得的。hope符合文意，并和上文“Itry，therewillbehope！”相呼应。33．D 句意：不要忘记对即使是令你失望的那些人说声谢谢。cheat表示“欺骗，作弊”；hate表示“憎恨，不喜欢”；dislike表示“不喜欢”；disappoint表示“使失望”。由此可知，disappoint符合文意。34．C 句意：说声谢谢能显示你对别人工作的尊重。pity表示“怜悯，同情”；doubt表示“怀疑”；respect表示“尊敬，尊重”；desire表示“愿望”。C项符合文意。35．A 作者认为，尊重别人的工作就会在同等条件下比别人有更多的机会。chance意为“机会”，符合文意。Ⅲ.甲壳虫乐队的灵魂人物之一约翰·列侬遭枪击身亡，但是他的辉煌成就不可否认，他的深远影响让人赞叹。36．A 主旨大意题。虽然他被谋杀了，但是结合他生前的成就以及死后的影响可知他拥有持久的魅力。11,37．C 细节理解题。根据第三段前半部分的内容可知甲壳虫乐队的商业运作极其成功。38．D 细节理解题。根据第六段的内容可知他在美国之所以被尼克松总统驱逐，是因为他反对在越南的战争。39．A 推理判断题。文章最后一段以问句的形式吸引读者注意，结合上文提到的他的成就以及影响不难推测这位甲壳虫乐队的创始人之一和他的音乐仍然会受到当今年轻人的欢迎，所以下文可能会解释其中的原因。Ⅳ.40.in 41.because 42.lead 43.overcoming 44.easier45.ways 46.for 47.successful 48.most 49.learned/learnt课后阅读-----Nothingtosellandnothingtobuy没有东西可卖也没有东西可买Ithasbeensaidthateveryonelivesbysellingsomething.Inthelightofthisstatement,teacherslivebysellingknowledge,philosophersbysellingwisdomandpriestsbysellingspiritualcomfort.Thoughitmaybepossibletomeasurethevalueofmaterialgoodintermsofmoney,itisextremelydifficulttoestimatethetruevalueoftheserviceswhichpeopleperformforus.Therearetimeswhenwewouldwillinglygiveeverythingwepossesstosaveourlives,yetwemightgrudgepayingasurgeonahighfeeforofferinguspreciselythisservice.Theconditionsofsocietyaresuchthatskillshavetobepaidforinthesamewaythatgoodsarepaidforatashop.Everyonehassomethingtosell.Trampsseemtobetheonlyexceptiontothisgeneralrule.Beggarsalmostsellthemselvesashumanbeingstoarousethepityofpassers-by.Butrealtrampsarenotbeggars.Theyhavenothingtosellandrequirenothingfromothers.Inseekingindependence,theydonotsacrificetheirhumandignity.Atrampmayaskyouformoney,buthewillneveraskyoutofeelsorryforhim.Hehasdeliberatelychosentoleadthelifeheleadsandisfullyawareoftheconsequences.Hemayneverbesurewherethenextmealiscomingfrom,butheisfreefromthethousandsofanxietieswhichafflictotherpeople.Hisfewmaterialpossessionsmakeitpossibleforhimtomovefromplacetoplacewithease.Byhavingtosleepintheopen,hegetsfarclosertotheworldofnaturethanmostofuseverdo.Hemayhunt,beg,orstealoccasionallytokeephimselfalive;hemayeven,intimesofrealneed,doalittlework;buthewillneversacrificehisfreedom.Weoftenspeakoftramps11,withcontemptandputtheminthesameclassasbeggars,buthowmanyofuscanhonestlysaythatwehavenotfeltalittleenviousoftheirsimplewayoflifeandtheirfreedomfromcare?据说每个人都靠出售某种东西来维持生活。根据这种说法，教师靠卖知识为生，哲学家靠卖智慧为生，牧师靠卖精神安慰为生。虽然物质产品的价值可以用金钱来衡量，但要估算别人为我们为所提供的服务的价值却是极其困难的。有时，我们为了挽救生命，愿意付出我们所占有的一切。但就在外科大夫给我们提供了这种服务后，我们却可能为所支付的昂贵的费用而抱怨。社会上的情况就是如此，技术是必须付钱去买的，就像在商店里要花钱买商品一样。人人都有东西可以出售。在这条普遍的规律前面，好像只有流浪汉是个例外，乞丐出售的几乎是他本人，以引起过路人的怜悯。但真正的流浪并不是乞丐。他们既不出售任何东西，也不需要从别人那儿得到任何东西，在追求独立自由的同时，他们并不牺牲为人的尊严。游浪汉可能会向你讨钱，但他从来不要你可怜他。他是故意在选择过那种生活的，并完全清楚以这种方式生活的后果。他可能从不知道下顿饭有无着落，但他不像有人那样被千万桩愁事所折磨。他几乎没有什么财产，这使他能够轻松自如地在各地奔波。由于被迫在露天睡觉，他比我们中许多人都离大自然近得多。为了生存，他可能会去打猎、乞讨，偶尔偷上一两回；确实需要的时候，他甚至可能干一点儿活，但他决不会牺牲自由。说起流浪汉，我们常常带有轻蔑并把他们与乞丐归为一类。但是，我们中有多少人能够坦率地说我们对流浪汉的简朴生活与无忧无虑的境况不感到有些羡慕呢？***************************************************结束11
