课时作业(三) [必修1 Unit3 Traveljournal](限时：30分钟) Ⅰ.[2022·广东卷]完形填空Weallknowthatsomethingsareobviouslyright.Forexample,itisrighttobe__1__tootherpeople.Itisalsorighttolookaftertheenvironment.Somethingsare__2__wrong,too.Forinstance,weshouldnothurtorbully(欺负)others,norshouldwelitter.Rulesoftentelluswhatisrightorwrong.Rulescanhelpthepublicmaketheright__3__，andremainsafe.Cardrivershavetoobeytrafficregulationsthattellthemtherightthingstodoontheroadtoavoidcrashes.Cyclistswhogivesignalsbeforeturningorstoppinghelpprevent__4__．Ifpeoplefollowruleswithouttakingothermattersintoconsideration,itwillbe__5__forthemtoformwhatissometimescalleda“blackandwhite”view.Forexample,theymaybelievethatpeopleshouldalwaystellthetruth,andthatlyingis__6__acceptable.Suchpeoplealwayssticktotheirviews,evenifitmeansthattheymaygetinto__7__．Sometimesitmaynotbesoeasytoknow__8__whatisrightorwrong.Somepeoplechoosenottoeatmeatbecausetheybelievethatitis__9__toeatanimals,butothersarguethattheycaneatmeatand__10__bekindtoanimals;someinsistthatstealingisalwayswrong,butothersthinkthatonedoesnotneedtofeelso__11__whenstealingsomefoodtoeat,ifhelivesinareallypoorareaandheis__12__.Ruleshelpuslivetogetherinharmony,becausetheyshowustherightwayto__13__others.However,somepeoplearguethatrulesmaybe__14__，havingobservedthatruleschangeallthetime,andthatsomeschoolshavesomeregulationsandothershavedifferentones—sowhoisto__15__whatisright?1.A．kindB．sensitiveC．fairD．generous2.A．equallyB．slightlyC．clearlyD．increasingly3.A．suggestionsB．conclusionsC．turnsD．choices4.A．accidentsB．mistakesC．fallsD．deaths5.A．interestingB．vitalC．easyD．valuable6.A．seldomB．rarelyC．merelyD．never7.A．troubleB．powerC．prisonD．control8.A．roughlyB．eventually6\nC．deliberatelyD．exactly9.A．awfulB．cruelC．unhealthyD．unnecessary10.A．stillB．evenC．laterD．somehow11.A．nervousB．anxiousC．afraidD．guilty12.A．beggingB．starvingC．growingD．wandering13.A．followB．instructC．treatD．protect14.A．disgustingB．confusingC．unsafeD．unimportant15.A．predictB．explainC．decideD．considerⅡ.阅读理解ATohitchhikesuccessfullyinanycountryyoumustbeabletodotwothings:attractattentionandatthesametimeconvincethedriverataglancethatyoudonotintendtorobormurderhim.Tofulfillthefirstrequirementyoumusthavesomemarktodistinguishyouatoncefromallotherhikers.Aserviceman,forinstance,shouldwearhisuniform,andastudenthisscarf.Inaforeigncountryanunmistakableindicationofyourownnationalitywillalsoarrestadriver'sattention.WhenIhitchhiked9，500milesacrosstheUnitedStatesandbackrecentlyIworeawelltailoredsuit,abowlerhatandatrenchcoat,andcarriedapencilthinrolledblackumbrella.MysuitcasewasdecoratedwithBritishflags.Havingplentyofluggage,moreover,Iwasnotlikelytobesuspectedofbeingadangerouslunatic(精神病患者).IthenhadtogetacrosstothedrivertheideathatIwasarealtraveler,andneededtogetsomewherecheaply.Butevenwithcarefulpreparation,youmustnotassumethatthetaskwillbeeasy.Youshouldbepreparedtowaitalittle,fortherearedriverswhoconfesstoafierceprejudiceagainst,(nottosayhatredof)hitchhikers,andwouldnomorepickupahikerthanmarchfromAldermastontoLondon.InAmerica,myaveragewaitwashalfanhour,andmylongestistwohours,butIhaveheardofpeoplewaitingallday:theyprobablytooklesspainstomakethemselveseasytonotice.Normustyouassumethatallthedriverswhostopforyouarenice,normalpeople.OnoneoccasionIfoundmyselfdrivingwithtwoboysofaboutnineteenwhoturnedouttobeontherunfromthepolice,andwerehopingtousemeasanalibi.Therearealsolesser(较小的)risks:youmayfindyourselfinthecarofaFascistfanatic,aMormonmissionary(传教士),orjustabaddriver.Youcannottell,ofcourseuntilyouareinthecar.Butyousoonlearntheartofthequickexcusethatgetsyououtagain.IfthehitchhikerintheUSwillrememberthatheisseekingthewillingnessofdriverstogivehimafreeride,andispreparedtogiveinexchangeentertainmentandcompany,andnotgotosleep,hewillcomeacrossthe6\nremarkable,almostlegendary,hospitalityofAmericanoftheWest.Itwillalsohelpifhecandrive—IthinkthatIdrovemyselfabout4，500ofthose9，500milesIhitchhikedintheStates.16．Aservicemanshouldwearhisuniform________．A．soasnottolooktoounusualB．toattractattentionC．toshowheisondutyD．toputthedriveratease17．InParagraph3,welearnthatthewriter________．A．hassometimesfailedtohitcharideB．hasmarchedfromAldermastontoLondonC．hasbeensuccessfulinhitchingarideD．hashadtowaitforlonghoursforaride18．ThemainideaofParagraph4isthat________．A．itisdangeroustobeinacarwithstrangersB．hitchhikingmayturnouttoberiskysometimesC．ahitchhikermustalsolearntheartofquickexcuseD．hitchhikersmightcomeacrossbaddrivers19．Inthelastparagraph,thewritermainlywantstotellusthatahitchhikershould________．A．nottalktothedrivertoomuchB．fallasleeptomakeitapeacefulrideC．trytomakehimselfpleasantandentertainingD．notoffertodrive20．Asuitabletitleforthepassagewouldbe“________”．A．TheartofhitchhikingB．AnEnglishman'sviewoftheUSC．AnEnglishhitchhikerD．ThejoysanddangersofhitchhikingB[2022·湖南卷]Whatmakesagiftspecial?Isitthepriceyouseeonthegiftreceipt？Orisitthelookontherecipient'sfacewhentheyreceiveitthatdeterminesthetruevalue?Whatgiftisworththemost?ThisChristmasIwasdebatingwhattogivemyfather.Mydadisahardpersontobuyforbecauseheneverwantsanything.IpulledoutmyphonetoreadatextmessagefrommymomsayingthatwewereleavingforChristmasshoppingforhimwhenIcameacrossamessageonmyphonethatIhadlocked.Themessagewasfrommyfather.MyeyesfellonaphotoofaflowertakeninWyoming，andunderneathapoembyWilliamBlake.Theflower,alonedandelionstandingagainstthebrightbluesky，inspiredme.MydadhadbeenrecitingthosewordstomesinceIwasakid.ThatmayevenbethereasonwhyIlovewriting.Idecidedthatthosewordswouldbemygifttomyfather.Icalledback.ItoldmymomtogowithoutmeandthatIalreadycreatedmygift.Isentthephotoofthecreamcoloredflowertomycomputerandtypedthepoemontopofit.AsIwasarrangingthedetailsanotherpoemcametomind.ThepoemwaswrittenbyEdgarAllanPoe；mydadreciteditasmuchashedidtheother.Itypedthatoutaswellandsearchedonlineforabackgroundtothewords6\nofit.Thepoemwasfocusedarounddreaming,andaftersearchingIfoundtheperfectpicture.Theimagewaspaintedwithbluesandgreensandpurples,twistingtogethertocreatethethemeandwonderofadream.AsIwatchedbothpoemspassingthroughtheprinter,thewhitepapercoloringwithwordsthatshapedmychildhood,Ifeltthatthiswasagiftthatmyfatherwouldtrulyappreciate.Christmassoonarrived.TheminuteIsawthelookonmydad'sfaceasheunwrappedthoseswirlingblackletterscarefullyplacedinacheapframe,IknewIhadgiventheperfectgift.21.Theideaforaspecialgiftbegantoformwhentheauthorwas________．A．doingshoppingB．havingadebateC．readingamessageD．leavingforWyoming22．Theauthor'sinspirationforthegiftcamefrom________．A．aphotoofaflowerB．astoryaboutakidC．acallfromthemotherD．atextaboutChristmas23．Theunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referstoapoemby________．A.thefatherB．theauthorC．WilliamBlakeD．EdgarAllanPoe24．Theauthormadethegiftby________．A．searchingforthepoemsonlineB．drawingthebackgroundbyhandC．paintingthelettersinthreecolorsD．matchingthewordswithpictures25．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Toshowhowtodesignimagesforgifts.B．Tosuggestmakinggiftsfromone'sheart.C．Toexplainhowcomputershelpcreategifts.D.Todescribethegiftstheauthorhasreceived.6\n课时作业(三)Ⅰ.在日常生活中，我们有许多的规章条例。有的规章制度是无形存在的，有的是显而易见的。人们都在遵守着这些规章制度。1.A 考查形容词。与下文hurtorbullyothers意义相对的应是bekindtootherpeople故选A项。语境为：我们知道，一些事情是明显正确的，比如，善待别人。2.C 考查副词。与第一句somethingsareobviouslyright中的obviously相对应，故选的是同义词clearly。3.D 考查名词。由常识和下句…tellthemtherightthingstodoontheroadtoavoidcrashes可知，规章制度告诉人们如何作出正确“选择”。故选的是D项。4.A 考查名词。由常识和上句中的crashes可知选accidents(事故)。这里accidents是crashes同义词复现。5.C 考查形容词。由逻辑推断可知，如果人们遵守规章制度而不用考虑其他事情，他们就很“容易”形成“是非”观。故选C项。interesting有趣的；vital重要的；valuable有价值的。6.D 考查副词。根据语境中的反义词复现确定答案。句中“tellthetruth”与“lying”相对，而与“always”相对的应是“never”。故选D项。7.A 考查名词。由常识可知，坚持己见的人有时也会“getintotrouble”，“惹上麻烦”。而“上台(getintopower)”与语境不符，“坐牢(getintoprison)”是惹上麻烦的一种程度极深的情况，不具有普遍性，所以该项干扰最大。故选A项。8.D 考查副词。由下文举的例子Somepeoplechoosenottoeatmeatbecausetheybelievethatitis…toeatanimals,butothersarguethattheycaneatmeatand…bekindtoanimals(有的人认为吃肉对动物残酷，而有的人认为一方面吃肉，一方面对动物友好)可知，有时很难“严格地”区分正确与错误，故选D项。9.B 考查形容词。根据反义词复现确定答案。由but可知，应选与下文中kind相对的cruel。故选B项。10.A 考查副词。他们认为可以吃肉，但对动物“依然”友好。故选副词still，意为：仍然。11.D 考查形容词。根据常识和俗语“做贼心虚”可知，偷东西应有“犯罪感”，即感到犯了罪(guilty)。故选D项。12.B 考查动词。根据“poor”可知，这里指的是穷得没有东西吃，也就是选项中所说的挨饿，故选B。13.C 考查动词。根据上下文的因果关系可知，“规章制度有助于我们和睦相处，因为规章制度告诉我们‘对待(treat)’他人的正确方式”。故选C项。follow追随；instruct指导；protect保护。14.B 考查形容词。由最后一句thatsomeschoolshavesomeregulationsandothershavedifferentones…可知，规章制度也可能是“令人困惑的”。故选B项。15.C 考查动词。根据文章提到的，既然不同学校有不同的规章制度，那么该由谁来“评判”什么是正确的呢？故最佳答案是C项。Ⅱ.A文章主要介绍了作者对于如何搭乘便车的一些经验，如装束、等车、遇到的司机，还特别提及了在美国的一些有关搭乘的趣事。16．B 根据第一段可以得知答案。17．C 根据第三段的最后一句…myaveragewaitwashalfanhour,andmylongestistwohours,butIhaveheardofpeoplewaitingallday可知作者是比较成功的。18．B 第四段的第一句是主题句。遇到的司机不见得个个是正常人，从后面的例子也得知乘便车是有危险性的。6\n19．C 从最后一段的第一句即可知答案，得到司机的willingness“愿意”是需要技巧的。20．A 此处的art是“技巧”的意思。全文讲的是搭乘便车的一些经验，故A是最佳答案。B作者一直不知道给父亲买什么礼物，但是偶尔看到父亲的信息使其想到了爸爸“读诗歌”的爱好，因而用心制作了“诗配花”的图片礼物。最后作者看到父亲对待礼物的态度，知道自己做对了。21．C 细节理解题。考查对文章细节的理解和判断能力。根据文章的第二段可知：作者拿出手机时看到了妈妈发来的信息，偶然看到了爸爸发来的信息。信息是一朵花，花儿使作者想到了爸爸的话，因而使作者想到了给爸爸的礼物。故选C。22．A 细节理解题。考查对文章的细节的理解和判断能力。见上一题的解析。23．D 词义猜测题。考查上下文中代词的指代。根据第三段中的Itypedthatoutaswellandsearchedonlineforabackgroundtothewordsofit.可知，作者在见到这首诗的同时“也”把它打出来了。这就是EdgarAllanPoe写的诗。故选D。24．D 细节理解题。考查对文章细节的理解和判断能力。根据第三段的第二句可知：作者先在电脑上找到这种花，然后在花上打上字。可见其礼物是“配有文字的图片”。25．B 推理判断题。考查对文章的言外之意进行复合逻辑的推理判断的能力。作者“诗配花”的礼物，灵感来自于爸爸的信息和小时候对爸爸的印象，这种礼物虽不昂贵，但确实是用心做出来的，爸爸收到礼物时的态度使得作者相信自己送对了礼物。A、C两项都是第三段的细节；D项与原文意思不符。故选B。6
