课时作业(四) [必修1 Module4 ASocialSurvey—MyNeighbourhood](限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.单项填空 1．What'shappenedtomymoney?WhydoesitseemthatIhavenothingleftto________.A．putdownB．putoffC．putupD．putaway2．Thisisthefirsttimewe________afilminthecinematogetherasafamily.A．seeB．hadseenC．sawD．haveseen3．Thetimeisfast________whenwewillhavetomakeadecision.A．goneB．approachingC．goingbyD．passing4．Sofarthisyearwe________afallinhousepricesbybetween5and10percent.A．sawB．seeC．hadseenD．haveseen5．—Didyougotoseetheplaylastnight?—Unluckily,Icouldn't________it.ButIamgoingtoseeitsoon.A．doB．getC．makeD．take6．Withtheencouragementofhisfamilies,hehadfinally________hisdepressionandbegansmilingtothepeoplearoundhim.A．gotupB．gotoverC．gotoffD．gotout7．Itisonethingtoenjoylisteningtogoodmusic,butitis________anothertoplayitwellyourself.A．quiteB．veryC．ratherD．much8．WhenIwasatcollegeI________threeforeignlanguages,butI________allexceptafewwordsofeach.A．spoke;hadforgottenB．spoke;haveforgottenC．hadspoken;hadforgotten6\nD．hadspoken;haveforgotten9．Thoughitis20years________welastmet,Istillrememberthescene________wegotseparatedonasnowyday.A．before;whereB．before;whichC．since;whenD．since;where10．Iregrettosaythatthefilm________childrenisfullofviolence.A．meanttoB．meantasC．meantforD．meaningfor11．—Ineedtoadvertiseforaroommatefornextterm.—________？Maryisinterested.A.WhybotherB.WhynotC.SowhatD.Whatfor12．—Doyoustillsmoke?—________.ItisyearssinceIsmoked.A．No,Idon'tB．Yes,IdoC．NottoomuchD．Alot13．—DoyouthinktheirtabletennisteamwillwinthefirstplaceatthecomingAsianGames?—________.Oursismuchstrongerthantheirs.A.OfcourseB.ItdependsC.Don'tmentionitD.Bynomeans14．[2022·课标全国卷]Maryisreallygoodattakingnotesinclass.Shecan________almosteverywordherteachersays.A．putoutB．putdownC．putawayD．puttogether15.—I'msorryIdidn'tmakeittoyourpartylastnight.—________Iknowyou'rebusythesedays.A.OfcourseB.NokiddingC.That'sallrightD.Don'tmentionitⅡ.阅读理解AAttheageofsixteen,Ijoinedavolunteergroupwithmydad.IwentonmyfirstvolunteerprojectinWestVirginia.Onthenightwearrived,wediscoveredthat“ourfamily”waslivinginatrailer(拖车)thatwasinpoorcondition.Acrewhadbeenworkingonitfortwoweeks,buteverytimetheyfinishedoneproblem,anothersurfaced.Wedecidedtheonlyreasonablesolutionwastobuildanewhouse—somethingunusualbutnecessaryunderthesecircumstances.Thefamilywasoverjoyedwiththeirnewhousethatwastwentybythirtyfeetwiththreebedrooms,abathandakitchen.OnTuesdayofthatweek,whilewewereeatinglunchtogether,Iaskedthefamily'sthreeboys,Josh,EricandRyan,“Whatdoyouwantforyournewroom？”Expectingtoysandothergadgetsthatchildrenusuallyaskfor,wewereastonishedwhenJoshresponded,“Ijustwantabed.”Theboyshadneversleptinabed!Theywereaccustomedtoplasticmats.That6\nnightwehadameetinganddecidedthatbedswouldbetheperfectgift.OnThursdaynight,afewadultsinourgroupdrovetothenearestcityandboughtbedsandnewbedding.Whenwesawthedeliverytruckcoming,wetoldthefamilyaboutthesurprise.Wecouldhardlycontainourselves.ItwaslikewatchingexcitedchildrenonChristmasmorning.Thatafternoon,aswefittedtheframesofthebedstogether,Ericranintothehousetowatchus.Toodirtytoenterhisroom,heobservedwithwideeyedenthusiasmfromthedoorway.Asmyfatherslippedapillowcaseontooneofthepillows,Ericasked,“Whatisthat？”“Apillow,”hereplied.“Whatdoyoudowithit？”Ericcontinuedtoask.“Whenyougotosleep,youputyourheadonit,”Iansweredsoftly.TearscametomyeyesasmyfatherhandedEricthepillow.“Oh…that'ssoft,”hesaid,huggingittightly.Now,whenmysisterorIstarttoaskforsomethingthatseemsurgent,mydadgentlyasks,“Doyouhaveapillow？”Weknowexactlywhathemeans.16．Thewriter'sfirstvolunteerprojectwas________.A．workingonapoortrailerB．helpingapoorfamilyC．donatingbedsandbeddingD．dealingwithahousingproblem17．OnhearingJosh'sanswer,thewriterwasshockedbecause________.A．thefamilylivedinatrailerB．heexpectedtogetsometoysC．hedidn'tknowwhatabedwasD．theboyshadnobedtosleepin18．Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthatErichadneverseen________before.A．atrailerB．atruckC．apillowD．ahouse19．Bysaying“Doyouhaveapillow？”，thewriter'sfathermeansthat________.A．whattheywanttogetmaybeunnecessaryB．theyshouldnotwastemoneyonsmallthingsC．theyshoulddomorevolunteerworkforthepoorD．whathewillbuyisnotwhattheywantbutapillowBTworecentstudieshavefoundthatpunishmentisnotthebestwaytoinfluencebehavior.Oneshowedthatadultsaremuchmorecooperativeiftheyworkinasystembasedonrewards.ResearchersatHarvardUniversityintheUnitedStatesandtheStockholmSchoolofEconomicsinSwedendidthestudy.6\nTheyhadabouttwohundredcollegestudentsplayaversionofthegameknownasthePrisoner'sDilemma.Thegameisbasedonthetensionbetweentheinterestsofanindividualandagroup.Thestudentsplayedingroupsoffour.Eachplayercouldwinpointsforthegroup,sotheywouldallgainequally.Buteachplayercouldalsorewardorpunisheachoftheotherthreeplayers,atacosttothepunisher.HarvardresearcherDavidRandsaysthemostsuccessfulbehaviorprovedtobecooperation.Thegroupsthatrewardeditthemostearnedabouttwiceasmuchinthegameasthegroupsthatrewardedittheleast.Andthemoreagrouppunisheditself,theloweritsearnings.Thegroupwiththemostpunishmentearnedtwentyfivepercentlessthanthegroupwiththeleastpunishment.ThestudyappearedlastmonthinthejournalScience.Theotherstudyinvolvedchildren.ItwaspresentedlastmonthinCaliforniaataconferenceonviolenceandabuse.Researchersusedintelligencetestsgiventotwogroups.Morethaneighthundredchildrenwereagedtwotofourthefirsttimetheyweretested.Morethansevenhundredchildrenwereagedfivetonine.Thetwogroupswereretestedfouryearslater,andthestudycomparedtheresultswiththefirsttest.Bothgroupscontainedchildrenwhoseparentsusedphysicalpunishmentandchildrenwhoseparentsdidnot.ThestudysaystheIQsoftheyoungerchildrenwhowerenotspankedwerefivepointshigherthanthosewhowere.Intheoldergroup,thedifferencewasalmostthreepoints.Themoretheyarespanked,theslowertheirmentaldevelopmentis.20．Accordingtothefirststudy,wemainlyinferthat________.A．thegameiscalledPrisoner'sDilemmaB．thelessagrouppunisheditself,theloweritsearnings C．adultsaremuchmorecooperativeifrewardedD．thegameisintroducedinthejournalScience21．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothesecondstudy?A．Children'sIQshavemuchtodowithphysicalpunishment.B．Thestudyisaboutviolenceandabuseofchildren.C．Thechildrentestedweredividedintogroupsoffour.D．Children'smentaldevelopmentonlyreliesontheirIQs.22．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“spanked”referto?A．Punished.B．Blamed.C．Tested.D．Praised.23．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheBestWaytoCorrectMisbehaviorB．PunishmentIstheBestWayofEducationC．CooperationIstheMostSuccessfulBehaviorD．PunishmentorReward:WhichWorksBetteronBehavior?课时作业(四)Ⅰ.1.D 根据语境后句应是：为什么好像没剩下什么钱可以攒起来呢？putdown写下，记下；putoff推迟，延期；putup建造，张贴，让(某人)留宿，提出；putaway收起来，储存。6\n2．D 考查特定句型公式中时态的运用。句型公式：It/That/Thisisthefirst(second，third…)time＋that从句(现在完成时)。3．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不得不做出决定的时刻快要到来了。approach接近，靠近；gone消失了，没了；goby和pass都表示“时间消逝/过去”。4．D 考查动词的现在完成时态。sofar作为时间状语，句子应使用现在完成时。5．C 考查固定用法。makeit意思是“成功做到”，此处指“没能看成”。6．B 考查动词短语辨析。getover摆脱，痊愈，从……恢复常态；getup上升；getoff停止讨论，离开；getout生产，出版。根据句意可知选B。7．A 考查副词辨析。quite表示“完全地”，语境为：……是一回事，……完全是另一回事。8．B 考查动词的时态。WhenIwasatcollegeIspokethreeforeignlanguages是对过去事实的陈述，故用一般过去时。Ihaveforgottenallexceptafewwordsofeach是现在的情况，强调结果，故使用现在完成时。9．D 考查时间状语从句和定语从句。“Itis/hasbeen＋一段时间＋since从句”为固定句型，表示自从上次做某事到现在有多长时间了；scene作先行词且定语从句中需要的是地点状语，故用where或inwhich引导定语从句。10．C 考查mean短语的正确使用。bemeantfor意图/打算给……。在此处用过去分词形式作定语。11．A 考查交际用语。由答语的第二句话“玛丽感兴趣”可知没必要再登广告找了。A项意为“何必那么麻烦呢”；B项意为“为什么不呢”；C项意为“那又怎样”；D项意为“为什么”。根据语境选A。12．A 考查Itis…since…句型的正确理解。要表示“自从我抽烟已经很久了”应该用：ItisyearssinceIbegantosmoke.而句中是指“自从我不抽烟到现在已经很久了。”13．D 考查交际用语。根据Oursismuchstrongerthantheirs.可知Bynomeans“绝不可能、决不会”符合语境。而Ofcourse表示“当然可以”；Itdepends表示“看情况而定”；Don'tmentionit.表示“不用谢”；均不符合语境，故排除。14．B putdown写下，记下；putout扑灭；putaway放好，储存；puttogether装配，组装，整理出。15．C 考查交际用语。完整的问句和答句的后半句都是提示信息：根据问句中的I'msorry…可以排除选项A、B；根据后半句“我知道你最近几天很忙”可以排除选项D。Ⅱ.A他们从未睡过床，从未见过枕头……十六岁的作者和父亲在做志愿者时，被这一幕深深地震撼了……16．B 推理判断题。根据第一段的第三句及第二段的第一句可知选B。17．D 细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句以及第四段第一句可知选D。18．C 细节理解题。由第七到第十段Eric与父亲的对话可知，孩子不知道枕头是什么。19．A 推理判断题。本句原意是：你有枕头吗？在此处意思是：你要的东西也许并不是必需的。B20．C 推理判断题。选项A中提到的有关游戏名称的表述是错误的；选项B表述的结果正好相反；选项D讲的是其研究结果在《科学》杂志发表。故选C。21．A 推理判断题。选项A说体罚对孩子的智商有很大影响；选项B说的是对孩子暴力虐待的研究，文章主题并非如此；选项6\nC说的是孩子被分成四人一组，显然是错的，应是两大组；选项D说的是孩子们的智力开发只靠他们的智商，也并非如此。22．A 词义猜测题。从上下文判断，该词并非“责备”、“测试”或“表扬”的意思，应是“惩罚”。23．D 主旨大意题。纵观全文，所做的两个研究主要是对比处罚和奖励对行为的影响。6
