兰州一中2022-2022-1学期高二年级期中考试试题英语说明：本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分，满分120分，考试时间100分钟。答案写在答题卡上，交卷时只交答题卡。第I卷第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AStephenHawking,aworldfamousBritishphysicist,alsowroteachildren’sbookwithhisdaughter.Hawkingsaidthebookwouldbe“abitlikeHarryPotter”butwithoutthemagic.“Itexplainsthewondersoftheuniverse,”saidHawking,whilehewasonavisittoHongKongover10yearsago.Hawking,isprobablytheworld’smostfamousscientistafterAlbertEinstein.Heisanexpertonblackholes.Hehasputhiswholelifeintodiggingintothebeginning(andtheend)oftheuniverse.“Mygoalissimple,”Hawkingoncesaid.“Itistocompletelyunderstandtheuniverse,whyitisasitisandwhyitisthereatall.”Hawkinghasabadillnessthatstopshimfrommovingortalking.Foraperiodoftime,hehadnowaytocommunicateexceptbyblinking. Nowhesitsonawheelchairwithacomputerbyhisside.Tocommunicate,hemovestwofingerstocontrolthecomputer’smouse.Heselectshiswordsfromthescreen,whicharethenspokenbyavoicesynthesizer.“Ihavehadthediseaseformostofmylife,”Hawkingoncesaid.“Yetithasnotstoppedmefrombeingsuccessfulatmywork.”AlthoughHawkingissuchadisabledman,hemadegreatachievements.Hehasreceivedmanyawardsandprizesforhisworkovertheyears.ThisincludeswinningtheAlbertEinsteinAward.Itisthehighestachievementintheoreticalphysics.1.Inthefirstparagraph,thebookthatStephenHawkingwroteis_____.A.thesameasHarryPotterB.isquitedifferentfromHarryPotter.C.aboutthemagicD.aboutscience-11-\n2.Fromthetextwecanlearn_____.A.HawkingismorefamousthanEinsteinB.HawkingislessfamousthanEinsteinC.BothHawkingandEinsteinareveryfamousD.NeitherHawkingnorEinsteinisfamous3.Whatdoestheunderlinedpronoun“It”inthesecondparagraphstandfor?A.Thegoal.B.Themagic.C.Theuniverse.D.Thebook.4.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingstatementsisthefact?A.HawkinghasreceivedmanyawardsandpricesexcepttheAlbertEinsteinAward.B.Theillnesskeepshimfrommovingandtalking.C.Hecommunicateswithothersbyspeaking.D.Theillnessstoppedhimfrombeingsuccessful.BTheChinaDailynewspapergroupislookingforEnglish-languageseniorbusinesseditors，seniorcopyeditors，copyeditorsandgraphicdesignerstostrengthenitsinternationalteam．Weofferacompetitivesalarypackage，freeaccommodationwithutilitiespaidfor，90percentmedicalreimbursement，aseven-daypaidleave，eleven-daypublicholidaysandareturntickettothecountryofresidence．SeniorBusinessEditorYoumust：·assistthebusinesseditorinsettinggoalsandworkingonachievingthem；·beanexcellentteampersonwhocangenerateideasandthinkcreativelyandbeabletorewritetotallyifneededandmentorjuniorstaff；·ideallyhavebeenworkingorhaveworkedinapositionofresponsibilityandunderstandwhatleadershipentails；·havehadatleastfiveyears’editingexperienceworkingoneditingtheBusinessDeskandbefamiliarwithindustrysoftware．SeniorCopyEditorYoumust：·workonshiftsintheBusinessDeskandusuallyhavethelastwordbeforethe-11-\npageissenttoprint；·editorrewritecopyandgivesmartheadlinesandcaptions；·havehadatleasttwoyears’editingexperienceworkingoneditingdesksandbefamiliarwithindustrysoftware．CopyEditorYoumust：·begoodateditingorrewritingcopyandwritingsmartheadlinesandcaptions；·beabletoworkonshiftsfordifferentpages，andusuallyhavethelastwordbeforethepageissenttoprint；·havetwoyearsofeditingexperienceworkingoncopydesks，andbefamiliarwithindustrysoftware．GraphicDesignerYoumust：·haveexcellentskillsininformationgraphics；·begoodatillustrationsandfreehanddrawings；·beexperiencedinnewspaperormagazinelayouts；·haveagoodsenseoftypography；·havegoodnewsjudgment；·beskilledinMacintoshsoftware，includinginDesign，IllustratorandPhotoshop；·befluentinEnglish．Forenquiriesortoapply，writetojob@chinadaily.com.cn．5．Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A．TodescribethepositionsoftheChinaDailynewspapergroup．B．TodescribetheworkingconditionsoftheChinaDailynewspapergroup．C．Toadvertiseforhiringsomegoodemployees．D．Totellyouhowtobecomegoodeditorsanddesigners．6．WhatisnotrequiredaboutGraphicDesigner?A．BeinggoodatPhotoshop．B．Havingexcellentskillsininformationgraphics．C．Havingagoodsenseoftypography．-11-\nD．Writingsmartheadlinesandcaptions．7．Howmanypositionsneededitingexperience?A．Two．B．One．C．Three．D．Four．CPreparingCitiesforRobotCarsThepossibilityofself-drivingrobotcarshasoftenseemedlikeafuturist’sdream,yearsawayfrommaterializingintherealworld.Well,thefutureisapparentlynow.TheCaliforniaDepartmentofMotorVehiclesbegangivingpermitsinAprilforcompaniestotesttrulyself-drivingcarsonpublicroads.Thestatealsoclearedthewayforcompaniestosellorrentoutself-drivingcars,andforcompaniestooperatedriverlesstaxiservices.California,itshouldbenoted,isn’tleadingthewayhere.Companieshavebeentestingtheirvehiclesincitiesacrossthecountry.It’shardtopredictwhendriverlesscarswillbeeverywhereonourroads.Buthoweverlongittakes,thetechnologyhasthepotentialtochangeourtransportationsystemsandourcities,forbetterorforworse,dependingonhowthetransformationisregulated.Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafetyofdriverlesscars(andrightfullyso),policymakersalsoshouldbetalkingabouthowself-drivingvehiclescanhelpreducetrafficjams,cutemissions(排放)andoffermoreconvenient,affordablemobilityoptions.Thearrivalofdriverlessvehiclesisachancetomakesurethatthosevehiclesareenvironmentallyfriendlyandmoreshared.Dowewanttocopy—orevenworsen—thetrafficoftodaywithdriverlesscars?Imagineafuturewheremostadultsownindividualself-drivingvehicles.Theytoleratelong,slowjourneystoandfromworkonpackedhighwaysbecausetheycanwork,entertainthemselvesorsleepontheride,whichencouragesurbanspread.Theytaketheirdriverlesscartoanappointmentandsettheemptyvehicletocirclethebuildingtoavoidpayingforparking.Insteadofwalkingafewblockstopickupachildorthedrycleaning,theysendtheself-drivingminibus.Theconvenienceevenleadsfewerpeopletotakepublictransport—anunwelcomesideeffectresearchershavealreadyfoundinride-hailing(叫车)services.-11-\nAstudyfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavissuggestedthatreplacingpetrol-poweredprivatecarsworldwidewithelectric,self-drivingandsharedsystemscouldreducecarbonemissionsfromtransportation80%andcutthecostoftransportationinfrastructure(基础设施)andoperations40%by2050.Feweremissionsandcheapertravelsoundprettyappealing.Thefirstcommerciallyavailabledriverlesscarswillalmostcertainlybefieldedbyride-hailingservices,consideringthecostofself-drivingtechnologyaswellasliabilityandmaintenanceissues(责任与维护问题).Butdriverlesscarownershipcouldincreaseasthepricesdropandmorepeoplebecomecomfortablewiththetechnology.Policymakersshouldstartthinkingnowabouthowtomakesuretheappearanceofdriverlessvehiclesdoesn’textendtheworstaspectsofthecar-controlledtransportationsystemwehavetoday.Thecomingtechnologicaladvancementpresentsachanceforcitiesandstatestodeveloptransportationsystemsdesignedtomovemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejusthavetoplanforit.8.Accordingtotheauthor,attentionshouldbepaidtohowdriverlesscarscan__________.A.helpdealwithtransportation-relatedproblemsB.providebetterservicestocustomersC.causedamagetoourenvironmentD.makesomepeoplelosejobs9.Asfordriverlesscars,whatistheauthor’smajorconcern?A.Safety.B.Sideeffects.C.Affordability.D.Management.10.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothefutureofself-drivingcars?A.Doubtful.B.Positive.C.Disapproving.D.Sympathetic.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Movingintoanewhomeinanewneighborhoodisanexcitingexperience.Ofcourse,youwanttomakesurethatyoubecomeanacceptedandvaluablepartofyournew-11-\nneighborhood.Theeasiestwaytoaccomplishthisistomakesureyouconductyourselfasagoodneighborshould.11Perhapsoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandoasagoodneighboristokeepyourproperty(房产)neat,clean,andingoodrepair.12Bychoosingtokeeptheoutsideofthehomeingreatshape,youwillhelptoimprovethelookandfeelofthearea.Second,taketheoverallappearanceoftheneighborhoodseriously.Whengoingforawalk,takealongasmallgarbagebag.13Thissmallactwillletyourneighborsknowthatyoucareaboutthearea.14Ifaneighborisgoingtobeoutoftown,offertocollectmailandnewspapers.Ifaneighborsuffersanillness,offertodothegroceryshopping.Letthemknowthatyouaretheretohelpinanywaythatisacceptable,whilestillrespectingtheprivacyofyourneighbor.15Byfollowingthebasicrulesofrespectingothers,takingcareofwhatbelongstoyou,andtakingprideintheappearanceoftheneighborhoodingeneral,youwillquicklybecomeagoodneighborthateveryoneappreciates.A.Ingeneral,keepaneyeontheirpropertywhiletheyaregone.B.Agoodneighborisalsoonewholikestohelpoutinsmallways.C.Beingagoodneighborismoreorlessaboutconsideratebehavior.D.Sometimesneighborsmaygotothesupermarkettogethertodoshopping.E.Shouldyoucomeacrosswastepaperthrownoutofapassingcar,pickitup.F.Peopletendtotakeprideinkeepingeverythingintheirstreetfreshandinviting.G.Hereareafewtipstohelpyouwinovereveryoneintheneighborhoodquickly.第二部分 语言知识运用(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。FromDisappointmenttoPurposeI’mknownformydetermination.IfIwantsomething,I16forit;IrefusetogiveupuntilIsucceed.Overtheyearsthisattitudehasworkedwellformeand-11-\nhelpedmeachievemygoals.17,whenIwantedtobeonthedanceteamatschool,IlearnedallthedancesandpracticeduntilIcouldhardly18.AndwhenIwantedmoneyforanewcomputer,Iwashedcars,babysat,andwalkeddogsforallmyneighbors.19thisyeareverythingchanged.Ihadsetmysightsonasummer20thatIwasdeterminedtogetattheWaterZone,becausetheemployeestherecouldgoonthewaterridesaftertheirworkandgetfreefoodatthesnackbar.Itwasthe21jobtohaveonhotsummervacations.SojustasIhadachievedeverygoalinthepast,Isetoutto22thejob.Icompletedtheapplicationinmyneatesthandwriting,carefullypreparedformyinterview,andgatheredapackofrecommendationletters.Iwascertainthatnothing23keepmefrommydreamjob.Butaftermy24,themanageroftheWaterZonetoldmethathecouldhireonlythosewithexperienceinwatersafety.Iwas25.Ifeltlikeafailure.Onthelastweekendbeforeschoolended,myteacher,Mrs.Keller,askedme26Iwouldbeinterestedinthekids’summerdaycamp.IdecidedthatIhadnothingto27,soIcalledthemanagerand28aninterview.Shewas29bymybabysittingexperienceandemployedme.Inlessthanaweek,Ihadcompletely30aboutwantingtoworkatthewaterpark.EachtimeIcomfortedalittleboywhomissedhismotheroralittlegirlwhoneededtohelptyinghershoes,IfeltIwasdoingsomething31.IrealizedthatIhaddiscoveredmylife’s32:toworkwithchildren.Inowhaveanewgoal.I’mgoingtostudytobecomeanelementaryschoolteacher.Sometimesinlifewedon’tget33whatwewant.Ourdreamguyorgirlmaynotbeinterestedinus.Thecoachmaynotselectusfortheteam.Acertainemployermaynotchoosetohireus.It’snaturaltofeel34;Isuredid.ButIalsolearnedanimportantlesson.Occasionally,whenwedon’tgetwhatwewant,somethingeven35iswaitingforusaroundthecorner!16.A.goB.applyC.cheerD.wait17.A.InadditionB.ForexampleC.BeforelongD.Asaresult18.A.smileB.speakC.thinkD.move-11-\n19.A.OtherwiseB.SoC.ButD.Therefore20.A.dayB.courseC.jobD.camp21.A.perfectB.toughC.regularD.potential22.A.landB.quitC.changeD.keep23.A.shouldB.mustC.needD.could24.A.practiceB.interviewC.expectationD.experiment25.A.promotedB.punishedC.selectedD.refused26.A.howB.whetherC.whatD.why27.A.saveB.learnC.loseD.regret28.A.scheduledB.cancelledC.mentionedD.gave29.A.inspiredB.impressedC.touchedD.puzzled30.A.doubtedB.complainedC.forgottenD.known31.A.challengingB.reasonableC.traditionalD.significant32.A.trackB.mottoC.beliefD.purpose33.A.onlyB.exactlyC.properlyD.immediately34.A.curiousB.nervousC.disappointedD.interested35.A.betterB.easierC.higherD.crazier第三部分 基础知识和书面表达第一节单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)36.Officialsbelievethatmorethanonepersonis________(blame)forthebigfire.37.Shewon’tgotoTom’spartyunless_______(invite).38.—WheredidyoubuytheT-shirt?—Itwasintheshoppingmall_______mymotherworks.39.There______(be)nobuses,wehadtowalkthere.40.Young______Tomis,hehasbeentomanycountries.41.Hardly_______hearrivedhomewhenitbegantorain.42.________itraintomorrow,wewouldn’tgotothepark.43.Atfirstmynewsurroundingsweredifficultto_________(tolerate).44.Pleasekeepyourseatbelt________(fasten)whiletheseat-beltlightison.45.Isawaboy_____(jump)intotheriveryesterday.-11-\n第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)Mr.Wanghasashopinthecenterofthetownwhereallkindsofcarsaresold.Theseyearshehasbeenverysuccessfulinbusiness.Heboughta46.__________(furnish)houseandoftenholdsparties.Nowheiswell-knowninthetown.Butoneevening,whenhewasdancingataparty,he47._________(call)out.Therewereafewpolicemen48.__________(wait)intheroom.Itwaseasyforhim49.__________(understand)whytheywerewaitingforhimthere.Hewassoonputinprison.50.__________(lie)inthecoldandwetwardmadehimsleeplessuntildawn.Thenextmorningtheman51.__________(share)thesameroomaskedhim,“Whyareyouinhere?”“Ihaveashop52.__________(sell)cars,”answeredMr.Wang.“Ioftenbuysomeoldcarswithlittlemoney.Irepairthemandthengivethemanothercoatofpaintandsellthemat53.__________highprice.”“Idon’tthinkyoubreakthelaw,”saidtheman.“Ipaid500dollarsforacarthedaybeforeyesterdayandsolditfor3,000dollars.”“Wasita(n)54.__________(steal)car?”“Evenworse,”Mr.Wangsaid55._________(sad).“Itwasapolicecar!”第三节单句改错(每句有一处错误；共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)56.Thefamousdirectorisaccusedforcheatingonhisincometax.57.Ithinkitwillbesunnyandtheywillcomebacksafeandsound.58.Icouldn’tmakemyselfhearonaccountofthenoise.59.Hispositionisseniorthanmineinthecompany.60.Exhaustedly,Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.61.Onthemountainstandstwotemples.62.Cantherobotstakeplaceofhumanbeingsinthefuture?63.Ikeepthedictionarynearmydeskforconvenient.64.ThecomputerwasbrokedownandIdidn’tfinishthereport.65.Thesecondthingsuggestedthatpeopleshouldabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.第四节短文改错（每小题1.5分；满分15分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。-11-\n增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Asisknowntous,wecanmeetwithvariouschallengesinourlife.Facingwithchallenges,howshouldwedo?Lastweek,ourclassclimbedMountTai,whichwasmorethan1,500metersabovesealevel.Lackingexercises,Ithoughtthatthisactivitywasgreatchallengeforme.IfeltveryexhaustedhalfwaythatIwantedtogiveup.Seethis,myclassmatesandevensomestrangersencouragedme.Intheend,Imanagedtoreachonthetopofthemountain.Therefore,don’tgiveupinthefaceofchallenges.Ifyouaredeterminedenough,itiscertainlythatyoucanovercomeit.第五节书面表达（满分20分）请以书信的形式用英语向你的好朋友Tom介绍你的爸爸或妈妈。内容包括：1.外貌特点；2.性格特点；3.他（她）做过的最让你感动的一件事情；注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。-11-\n高二英语参考答案阅读理解1-4 DCAB5-7CDC8-10ADB七选五11-15.GFEBC完形填空16-20.ABDCC21-25.AADBD26-30.BCABC31-35.DDBCA单句语法填空36.toblame37.invited38.where39.being40.as/though41.had42.Should43.tolerate44.fastened45.jump语法填空46.furnished47.wascalled48.waiting49.tounderstand50.Lying51.sharing52.selling53.a54.stolen55.sadly单句改错56.for-of57.and后面加that58.hear-heard59.than-to60.Exhaustedly-Exhausted61.stands-stand62.take后加the63.convenient-convenience64.去掉was65.去掉should短文改错1.Facing改为Faced或去掉with2.how改为what3.was改为is4.exercises改为exercise5.great前加a6.very改为so7.See改为Seeing8.去掉on9.certainly改为certain10.it改为them书面表达(略)-11-
