甘肃省会宁县第一中学2022-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题第一部分阅读理解（百强校英语解析团队专供）（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThisHoliday’sResolution:VisitMoreGalleriesSoundseasyenough,right?Itshouldbe,asthebayareaisloadedwithgalleries.Hereareafewsuggestionstohelpexpandyourculturalbrain.CraftsmanHouseshowsfineAmericancraftfrommorethan300localandnationalartistsinarestored1920sbungalowinSt.Pete’sGrandCentralDistrict.Inadditiontotheshowroom,thecarriagehouseoutbackisafullyoperationalpotterystudio.Theyalsohaveafreshcafeinthehousethatofferscoffee,tea,lunchandbakedgoods.Normalhoursarefrom10amto7pmfromMondaytoSaturdayandfrom11amto5pmonSunday.www.craftsmanhouse-gallery.com.OceanBlueGalleryondowntownSt.Pete’sBeachDriveisbrandnewandonlyopenforamonth.Theyfeaturepaintings,glass,woodsculpturesandmetalart,andasthenameimplies,they’reheavyonbeachandsealifethemes.They’relocatedat284BeachDriveNEandopenfrom10:30amto5pmfromSundaytoThursdayandfrom10:30amto4pmfromFridaytoSaturday.www.oceanbluegallery.com.TempusProjectinTampa’sSeminoleHeightsisagallerythatrepresentsestablishedanddevelopinglocal,nationalandinternationalartiststhroughinspiringexhibitions.TheexhibitionondisplayisBoysonFilm,anexhibitofnewsculpturesanddrawingsbyNoelleMasonthatresearchesthefictionandfantasy.Thegalleryisonlyopenbyappointment,buttheywillbeopenfrom7amto9pmonJuly6thforSeminoleHeightsFirstFriday,whichisalsothelastdayfortheexhibition.www.tempusproject.com.1.WhatcanpeopleenjoyinCraftsmanHouse?A.Visitingsomebeautifulbungalows.22\nB.Afreshbreakfast.C.Talkingwithnationalartists.D.Somefood.2.WhatisspecialaboutOceanBlueGallery?A.Ithasalonghistory.B.Itsthemesareaboutbeachandsealife.C.Theopeningtimeisthelongest.D.Itsworkscomefrommanyforeigncountries.3.WhatshouldpeopledotovisitTempusProject?A.MakeappointmentsbeforeJuly6th.B.Collectsomeinformationonline.C.Knowsomethingaboutthefiction.D.Researchfamousdrawings.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】本文是一则广告。这个节日的决议是参观更多的画廊。听起来很简单，因为海湾地区到处都是画廊。这里有一些建议可以帮助你扩展你的文化大脑。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据CraftsmanHouse中Theyalsohaveafreshcafeinthehousethatofferscoffee,tea,lunchandbakedgoods.可知，在CraftsmanHouse人们可以享受到一些食物。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据OceanBlueGallery中Theyfeaturepaintings,glass,woodsculpturesandmetalart,andasthenameimplies,they’reheavyonbeachandsealifethemes.可知，OceanBlueGallery的特殊之处是“它的主题是关于海滩和海洋生物的。”故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据TempusProject中Thegalleryisonlyopenbyappointment,buttheywillbeopenfrom7amto9pmonJuly6thforSeminoleHeightsFirstFriday可知，访问TempusProject的人们在7月6日之前预约。故选A。22\nBHetoldmewhatawonderfuljobIwasdoing.Hekeptmemotivatedwithcrazystoriesofwhathedidwhenhewasakidorjustbysmiling.Hissmilewouldlightaromandpasstoeveryonearoundhim.Hewaslikeafullanimal,easytohugandkeepmysecretssafe.HewasthefirstmanIlovedandtheoneIalwayslookedupto.Hedideverythingforme,buttheonehedidbestwasbeingmydad.Mydadmademeabelieverinmyself.Iwouldalwaysgiveuptoosoon,rightbeforelgottheanswer.Somenightshewouldsitwithmetohelpmebelievemyselfwithexamplesthathehadgonethrough.Thosenightsweretheworst!Istruggledsohardandtriednottogetupsetatmyself.Helovedtotelljokesandhadoneforeveryoccasion.Helovedtomakepeoplelaugh.Heactedasifitwerehisgoalinlifetomakepeoplelaugh.Therewasneveradullmomentwhenhewasintheroom.Toeveryonehewasthejokester,buttome,asensitivegirl,hewassomethingmorethanwordscoulddescribe.Mydadkneweverything.Heexcelledateverythinghedid;raisingtwobeautifulandsmartchildrenwasonlyone.Tomybrotherandme,hewasinawayourhero,alwayspickingusupafterourkneeswereinjured.Anytearwaswipedawaybyalargewarm,comfortinghand.Heinfluenceduswithhisknowledge.Mydad,aswellasmymother,influencedustoachieveeverythingwetryinlife.Hemadeeverythinghedidlooklikeitrequirednoeffortatall.Hiswordsofencouragementstillringinmyheadtothisdayevenafterhispassing.Istillknowtodaythathewillalwaysencouragemejustnotinthesameway.4.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tohonorherfather.B.Tofollowherfather’sexamples.C.Toshowhowtobeagoodfather.D.Toshowherfather’strainingtoher.5.Theauthorcomparesherfathertoafullanimaltoshowhis________.A.lifehabitB.greatlove22\nC.eatingwayD.goodability6.Howdidtheauthor’sfatherdotomakeherbelieveinherself?A.Byteachinghertostudylessons.B.Bysharingherdifferentstories.C.Byhelpingherfinishhertasks.D.Bytellinghisownexperiences.7.Whydidtheauthorconsiderherfatherasahero?A.Becauseherfathersavedherlife.B.Becauseherfathermadeherhaveastrongbody.C.Becauseherfatheralwaysappearedwhenshewasintrouble.D.Becauseherfatheralwayscomfortedhertomakeherfeelbetter.【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者追忆她的父亲，向她父亲致敬。作者认为她的父亲是一个英雄是因为她的父亲总是在她遇到麻烦的时候出现。【4题详解】主旨大意题。纵观全文，特别是第一段中HewasthefirstmanIlovedandtheoneIalwayslookedupto.Hedideverythingforme,buttheonehedidbestwasbeingmydad.和最后一段中Hiswordsofencouragementstillringinmyheadtothisdayevenafterhispassing.Istillknowtodaythathewillalwaysencouragemejustnotinthesameway.可知，本文作者目的是向她父亲致敬。故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中Hewaslikeafullanimal,easytohugandkeepmysecretssafe.可知，作者把她的父亲比作一只完整的动物，以表达他的爱。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中Somenightshewouldsitwithmetohelpmebelievemyselfwithexamplesthathehadgonethrough.可知，作者的父亲通过讲述他自己的经历让她相信自己的。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中Tomybrotherandme,hewasinawayourhero,always22\npickingusupafterourkneeswereinjured.Anytearwaswipedawaybyalargewarm,comfortinghand.Heinfluenceduswithhisknowledge.可知，作者认为她的父亲是一个英雄是因为她的父亲总是在她遇到麻烦的时候出现。故选C。CAnewstudyshowstheworld’sfastestlandanimalcouldberunningtowardsextinction.TheZoologicalSocietyofLondon(ZSL),Panthera,andWildlifeConservationSociety(WCS)ledthestudy.Itestimatesthatonly7,100cheetahs（猎豹）remainworldwide,mainlyfoundinAfrica.Butaccordingtothestudy,cheetahshavebeenforcedoutof91%oftheirnativerange.CheetahsfoundinAsiaareamongthehardesthit.Fewerthan50areleftinasmallpartofIran.Manyfactorsaretoblameforthedeclineincheetahnumbers,includinghabitatlossandtheillegaltrade.Prey（猎物）lossisalsoaproblem.Humanscauseitbyoverhuntinganimalsthatcheetahspreyon.Cheetahsarecarnivoresandpreymainlyonsmallermammals,forexamplegazelles.Becausecheetahsusuallyroamoverlargeareasinsearchoffood,77%oftheirhabitatremainsoutsideofgovernment-protectedareas.Thismeanscheetahsareinconstantdangerofhuntersandtraders.InZimbabwe,Africa,alone,thecheetahpopulationhasdroppedfrom1,200toonlyabout170in16years.Thisdeclinerepresentsalossof85%ofthecountry’scheetahs.Dr.KimYoung—Overton,Panthera’sCheetahProgramDirector,thinksprotectedhabitatsalonearenotenoughtosavecheetahs.Cheetahsinreservesalsofacedangerssuchaslossofpreyandillegaltrade.Dr.SarahDurant,thestudy’sleadauthor,believesthattheinformationitcontainswillleadtoabetterunderstandingofcheetahsaswellasabetterapproachtohelpingthemsurvive.Durantsayslocalandnationalofficialsmustteamupinordertosavecheetahs.Butfirst,theInternationalUnionforConservationofNaturemustclassifytheanimalsasendangered.Currently,cheetahsareclassifiedasweakontheIUCN’sRedListofThreatenedSpecies.Thechangewouldfocusmoreattentiononcheetahsandhelpprotectthemforextinction.Afterall,inthefighttosave22\ncheetahs,it'saraceagainsttime.8.Whatisthepresentsituationofcheetahsaccordingtothestudy?A.Theyareindanger.B.Theylivefreelyworldwide.C.TheyareprotectedwellinAfrica.D.Theymainlyliveintheirnativerange.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“carnivores”referto?A.Animalskeptathome.B.Animalslivinginzoos.C.Animalsfeedingonmeat.D.Animalskilledinthewild.10.Whatresultsinthedeclineofthecheetahpopulationaccordingtothetext?A.Thelossoftheirreserves.B.Theirappearanceinunpreservedareas.C.Thedecreasinggovernmentprotection.D.Theirincreasingnaturalenemies.11.WhatdoesDr.SarahDurantthinkofthestudyofcheetahs?A.Itshowswaysofwildlifeprotection.B.Itimpliespeople’sroleinsavinganimals.C.Itstressestheimportanceofcheetahsinourlife.D.Itinformspeopleofcheetahs’existingstate.【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，世界上最快的陆地动物猎豹可能正在走向灭绝。Dr.SarahDurant对印度豹的研究告诉人们印度豹的存在状态。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中Thismeanscheetahsareinconstantdangerofhuntersandtraders.可知，根据这项研究，猎豹现在处于危险状态。故选A。【9题详解】22\n词义猜测题。根据第三段中Prey（猎物）lossisalsoaproblem.Humanscauseitbyoverhuntinganimalsthatcheetahspreyon.Cheetahsarecarnivoresandpreymainlyonsmallermammals,forexamplegazelles.猎物的损失也是一个问题。人类是通过过度捕猎动物来捕食的，而这正是猎豹所捕食的动物。猎豹是食肉动物，主要捕食小型哺乳动物，例如瞪羚。由此可知，划线词的意思是“食肉动物”，故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句ecausecheetahsusuallyroamoverlargeareasinsearchoffood,77%oftheirhabitatremainsoutsideofgovernment-protectedareas.可知，根据文本，猎豹数量的下降主要是他们出现在未被保护的地区。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中Currently,cheetahsareclassifiedasweakontheIUCN’sRedListofThreatenedSpecies.Thechangewouldfocusmoreattentiononcheetahsandhelpprotectthemforextinction.Afterall,inthefighttosavecheetahs,it'saraceagainsttime.可知，Dr.SarahDurant对印度豹的研究告诉人们印度豹的存在状态。故选D。【点睛】利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义，特别注意上下文的语境，千万不能脱离开语境，尤其要注意划线词两边的内容。根据第三段中Prey（猎物）lossisalsoaproblem.Humanscauseitbyoverhuntinganimalsthatcheetahspreyon.Cheetahsarecarnivoresandpreymainlyonsmallermammals,forexamplegazelles.猎物的损失也是一个问题。人类是通过过度捕猎动物来捕食的，而这正是猎豹所捕食的动物。猎豹是食肉动物，主要捕食小型哺乳动物，例如瞪羚。由此可知，划线词的意思是“食肉动物”，故选C。DLet’sbehonest,kidsarestrange.Andwhenyouhearyourthree-year-oldsonarguingoverwhogetstobethemomwhileplaying“house”aloneintheotherroom,youmightquestionifyou’vedonesomethingwrongasaparent.Butdon’tworry,it’sperfectlynormalforyourchildtohaveanimaginaryfriend,anditevenhassomebenefits.Whileyourkidsarebenefitingfromplayingwiththeirimaginaryfriend,tryouttheseotherwaystoraiseanintelligentchild!Oneofthebiggestprofitsisthatitpromotescreativity.Justthinkabout22\nit-youhavetobeaspecialkindofcreativetocarryonaconversationwithanimaginaryfigurethatdoesn’trespond.DevelopmentalpsychologistMarjorieTaylortoldPureWowthatyourchild’screativitywillremainwiththemastheygetolder,evenwhentheystophangingoutwiththeir“friend”.Alongwithbeingmorecreative,theywillalsohaveabetterdevelopedandmoredifferentvocabularyaswellasstrongersocialskills.Talkingto“Sally”or“Bob”alldaywillallowthemtopracticetheirspeechandconversationskills.ResearchersatLaTrobeUniversityinAustraliafoundthatchildrenwhoengagewiththeirimaginaryfriendsonaregularbasisusemorecomplexsentencesandaremoreconfidentineverydaysocialsituations.Therearealsosomebenefitsfortheparents.Ifyourchild’sbrothersorsistersaren’taroundorthey’reanonlychild,theyhavesomeonetoentertainthemwhileyouspendthetimeonyounever-endingto-dolist.Soeventhoughitmightgetoddwhenyourkidsconstantlyaskyoutosetanextraplateatthetablefortheirimaginaryfriends,they’llbenefitinthefuturefromkeepingthemaround.Havinganextramemberofthefamilycan’tbethatbad,themorethemerrier,right?12.Whoisthethree-year-oldboytalkingtowhileplaying“house”alone?A.Histoy.B.Hismother.C.HisbrothersandsistersD.Hisimaginaryfriend.13.HowdoesMarjorieTaylorfeelaboutchildrenplayingwithheir“friend”?A.Ithelpschildrendevelopbetter.B.Itrelievesbusyparents’pressure.C.Itshowschildren’sloneliness.D.Itmakesthefamilygetcloser.14.Whatdoestheauthorsuggesttoparents?A.Sparingtimewithchildren.B.Takingchildrentoplayoutside.C.Adoptinganextramemberoffamily.D.Lettingchildrenplaywithimaginaryfriends.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?22\nA.WaystoplaycreativelyB.WaystoraiseanintelligentchildC.Benefitsofchildren’shavingimaginaryfriendsD.Benefitsoflettingyourchildplay【答案】12.D13.A14.D15.C【解析】本文是一篇议论文。主要讲述的是孩子有想象中的朋友的好处。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中don’tworry,it’sperfectlynormalforyourchildtohaveanimaginaryfriend,anditevenhassomebenefits.可知，一个三岁的小男孩在独自玩“房子”的时候和他想象的朋友说话。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中DevelopmentalpsychologistMarjorieTaylortoldPureWowthatyourchild’screativitywillremainwiththemastheygetolder,evenwhentheystophangingoutwiththeir“friend”.可知，MarjorieTaylor对孩子们和他的“朋友”玩的感觉是帮助孩子们发展得更好。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句Havinganextramemberofthefamilycan’tbethatbad,themorethemerrier,right?可知，作者建议父母让孩子们和想象中的朋友一起玩耍。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中Soeventhoughitmightgetoddwhenyourkidsconstantlyaskyoutosetanextraplateatthetablefortheirimaginaryfriends,they’llbenefitinthefuturefromkeepingthemaround.Havinganextramemberofthefamilycan’tbethatbad,themorethemerrier,right?可知，本文主要讲述的是孩子有想象中的朋友的好处。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TypesofFamilyStructures22\nFamilystructurehaschangednoticeablyoverthelast50years.___16___NuclearFamilyThenuclearfamilyisthetraditionaltypeoffamilystructure,consistingoftwoparentsandchildren.____17____Childreninnuclearfamiliesreceivestrengthandstabilityfromthetwo-parentstructureandgenerallyhavemoreopportunitiesdueothefinancialeaseoftwoadultsInAmerica,almost70percentofchildrenliveinanuclearfamilyunit.ExtendedFamilyTheextendedfamilystructureconsistsoftwoormoreadultswhoarerelated,eitherbybloodormarriage,livinginthesamehome.Thisfamilyincludesmanyrelativeslivingtogetherandworkingtowardcommongoals.____18____Extendedfamiliesarebecomingincreasinglycommonallovertheworld.StepfamilyManymarriagesendindivorce,andmanyoftheseindividualschoosetogetremarried.Thiscreatesthestepfamilywhichinvolvestwoseparatefamiliesmergingintoonenewunit.____19____Stepfamiliesareascommonasthenuclearfamily,thoughtheytendtohavemoreproblems.Stepfamiliesneedtolearntoworktogethertoensurethesefamilyunitsrunsmoothly.Thereisnorightorwronganswerwhenitcomestowhatisthebesttypeoffamilystructure.____20____Familiesneedtodowhatisbestforeachotherandthemselves,andthatcanbeachievedinalmostanyunit.A.Parentsgotolookaftereldersoccasionally.B.Theyraisethechildrentogether,duetofinancialdifficulties.C.Thenuclearfamilywaslongheldbysocietyastheidealtoraisechildren.D.Itconsistsofanewhusbandandwifeandtheirchildrenfrompreviousmarriages.E.Aslongasafamilyisfilledwithloveandsupportforoneanother,itissuccessful.F.Thefollowingtypesoffamiliesexisttoday,withsomefallingintodifferentkind.G.Whilethesetypesoffamiliesaredistinctindefinition,inpracticethelines22\narelessclear.【答案】16.F17.C18.B19.D20.E【解析】本文是一篇说明文。在过去的50年里，家庭结构发生了显著的变化。文章介绍了几个属于不同类型的家庭。【16题详解】下文提示“在过去的50年里，家庭结构发生了显著的变化。”通过下文小标题可知空格下文在讲述不同的家庭类型，所以承接上下文，F项Thefollowingtypesoffamiliesexisttoday,withsomefallingintodifferentkind.（今天有以下几种类型的家庭，其中一些属于不同类型的家庭。）切题。故选F。【17题详解】上文提示“核心家庭是传统的家庭结构，由父母和子女组成。”再根据下文提示“核心家庭的孩子从双亲结构中获得力量和稳定性，由于两个成年人的经济状况，他们通常有更多的机会。”承接上下文，C项Thenuclearfamilywaslongheldbysocietyastheidealtoraisechildren.（长期以来，这个核心家庭一直被社会视为养育孩子的理想。）切题。此处关键词Thenuclearfamily，故选C。【18题详解】上文提示“这个家庭包括许多亲戚住在一起，朝着共同的目标努力。”承接上文，B项Theyraisethechildrentogether,duetofinancialdifficulties.（由于经济困难，他们把孩子们聚在一起。）该项中的raisethechildrentogether与上文中的livingtogether相吻合。故选B。【19题详解】上文提示“这就创建了一个再婚家庭，其中包括两个独立的家庭合并成一个新单元。”承接上文，D项Itconsistsofanewhusbandandwifeandtheirchildrenfrompreviousmarriages.（它由一个新丈夫和妻子以及他们的孩子组成。）切题。该项中的It指代上文的thestepfamily。故选D。【20题详解】上文提示“当涉及到什么是最好的家庭结构时，没有正确或错误的答案。”下文提示“22\n家庭需要为彼此和自己做最好的事情，这在几乎任何单位都是可以实现的。”承接上下文，E项Aslongasafamilyisfilledwithloveandsupportforoneanother,itissuccessful.（只要一个家庭充满了对彼此的爱和支持，它就成功了。）切题。故选E。第二部分语言知识运用（百强校英语解析团队专供）（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenIstartedplayingchess,itwasmerelyagame.However,Ihavecometorealizethatmostoflifecanbe____21____onachessboard.OneofthefirstlessonsIlearnedwasnevertoleaveapiece____22____.Makingthismistakemeanscommitsuicide.Instead,IlearnedthattowinIneed____23____,aperfectcooperationbetweenthepiecessothatIcanreactand____24____toanyoutcome,howeverunlikelyitmaybe.Inlife,youneedtobeableto____25____whatyouaredoing.Ifsomethingisn’tworking,trysomething____26____.Inchess,variousstrategiesandplansare____27____tosuccess.Ifyoudon’tknowwhatyouaretryingtoaccomplish,thenyoudon’thaveachanceof____28____.Youcantakea(n)____29____outlookonlife:Ifyoudon’thavegoalsthenyoucan’texpecttoaccomplishanything.Withgoalsandwill,apersoncantakethose____30____forwardthatareimportanttothegame,bothinchessandlife.ThereIwas,sittingatthetable,watchingthegame____31____.Myopponentsighed,deepinthought.Iglancedattheboardandthoughtaboutmybetter____32____andmorepieces.Ihadthegamewellin____33____.Myopponentsuddenlysatupandwhispered,“Comeonalready.Can’tyoujustendit?”Hestaredatme;I____34____back,surprised.Iwantedtoendit.Ireallydid____35____IfoundthatIcouldn’t.Fatehad____36____me.Ittookmeanother20minutesand17movestowin.Peoplethinkwinningis____37____,butit’snot.Ittakestime,patience,andhardwork.To____38____,apersonmustworkhardtoprovehisorherability.Toshowothersyouarecapableof____39____them,youmustshowthemyouareawinner.Iama____40____.21.A.achievedB.expectedC.designedD.represented22\n22.A.uneasyB.untreatedC.unpreparedD.unexplored23.A.teamworkB.planC.patienceD.attention24.A.turnB.adaptC.travelD.contribute25.A.changeB.promiseC.challengeD.research26.A.seriousB.newC.specialD.important27.A.greatB.kindC.vitalD.equal28.A.appearingB.showingC.competingD.winning29.A.similarB.beautifulC.unusualD.complete30.A.tasksB.stepsC.themesD.suggestions31.A.endB.produceC.developD.approach32.A.futureB.rewardC.fortuneD.position33.A.useB.handC.needD.trouble34.A.threwB.wentC.staredD.gave35.A.SoB.AndC.ThoughD.But36.A.goneagainstB.waitedforC.believedinD.belongedto37.A.easyB.joyfulC.impossibleD.necessary38.A.playB.helpC.achieveD.arrive39.A.servingB.persuadingC.teachingD.defeating40.A.dreamerB.winnerC.learnerD.coach【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.B25.A26.B27.C28.D29.A30.B31.C32.D33.B34.C35.D36.A37.A38.C39.D40.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。作者从棋盘上看到了人生。我学会了要赢得比赛，我需要团队合作，这是一种完美的合作，这样我就能做出反应，适应任何结果，不管它有多不可能。为了让别人知道你有能力打败他们，你必须让他们知道你是胜利者。我是赢家。【21题详解】考查动词。A.achieved取得；B.expected期盼；C.designed设计；D.represented代表。根据However,Ihavecometorealizethatmostoflifecanbe____1____onachess22\nboard.可知，然而，我逐渐意识到，大部分的生活都可以在棋盘上见证。故选D。【22题详解】考查形容词。A.uneasy不舒服的；B.untreated未经处理的；C.unprepared无准备的；D.unexplored未开发的。根据OneofthefirstlessonsIlearnedwasnevertoleaveapiece____2____.可知，我学到的第一课就是“如果没有准备永远不会把一件事做好”。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词。A.teamwork团队合作；B.plan计划；C.patience耐心；D.attention注意力。根据Instead,IlearnedthattowinIneed____3____,aperfectcooperationbetweenthepiecessothatIcanreactand____4____toanyoutcome,howeverunlikelyitmaybe.可知，相反，我学会了要赢得比赛，我需要团队合作，这是一种完美的合作，这样我就能做出反应，适应任何结果，不管它有多不可能。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词。A.turn转动；B.adapt使适应；C.travel旅行；D.contribute贡献。根据Instead,IlearnedthattowinIneed____3____,aperfectcooperationbetweenthepiecessothatIcanreactand____4____toanyoutcome,howeverunlikelyitmaybe.可知，相反，我学会了要赢得比赛，我需要团队合作，这是一种完美的合作，这样我就能做出反应，适应任何结果，不管它有多不可能。故选B。【25题详解】考查名词。A.change改变；B.promise许诺；C.challenge挑战；D.research研究。【26题详解】考查形容词。A.serious严重的；B.new新的；C.special特殊的；D.important重要的。根据Ifsomethingisn’tworking,trysomething____6____.可知，如果有什么东西不起作用，尝试一些新的东西。故选B。【27题详解】考查形容词。A.great伟大的；B.kind和蔼的；C.vital重要的；D.equal平等的。根据Inchess,variousstrategiesandplansare____7____tosuccess.可知，在国际象棋中，各种策略和计划对成功至关重要。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词。A.appearing出现；B.showing展示；C.competing竞争；D.winning22\n赢得。根据Ifyoudon’tknowwhatyouaretryingtoaccomplish,thenyoudon’thaveachanceof____8____.可知，如果你不知道你想要完成什么，那么你就没有机会赢。故选D。【29题详解】考查形容词。A.similar相似的；B.beautiful美丽的；C.unusual不寻常的；D.complete完整的。根据Youcantakea(n)____9____outlookonlife:Ifyoudon’thavegoalsthenyoucan’texpecttoaccomplishanything.可知，你可以对生活有类似的看法：如果你没有目标，那么你就不能期望完成任何事情。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词。A.tasks任务；B.steps步骤；C.themes主题；D.suggestions建议。根据Withgoalsandwill,apersoncantakethose____10____forwardthatareimportanttothegame,bothinchessandlife.可知，有了目标和意志，一个人就可以在国际象棋和生活中采取那些对游戏很重要的步骤。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词。A.end结束；B.produce生产；C.develop发展；D.approach靠近。根据ThereIwas,sittingatthetable,watchingthegame____11____.可知，我坐在桌子旁，看着游戏的发展。故选C。【32题详解】考查名词。A.future未来；B.reward报酬；C.fortune运气；D.position位置。根据Iglancedattheboardandthoughtaboutmybetter____12____andmorepieces.可知，我瞥了一眼棋盘，想着我的位置和更多的东西。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词。A.use使用；B.hand手；C.need需要；D.trouble麻烦。根据Ihadthegamewellin____13____.可知，我把比赛掌握得很好。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词。A.threw扔掉；B.went去；C.stared凝视；D.gave给。他盯着我，我吃惊地盯着他。故选C。【35题详解】考查并列连词。A.So所以；B.And和；C.Though虽然；D.But但是。根据Iwantedtoendit.Ireallydid____15____IfoundthatIcouldn’t.可知，我想结束它。我真的想，但我发现我做不到。故选D。22\n【36题详解】考查动词词组。A.goneagainst违反；B.waitedfor等待；C.believedin信任；D.belongedto属于。根据Fatehad____16____me.Ittookmeanother20minutesand17movestowin.可知，命运对我不利。我又花了20分钟和走了17次才赢。故选A。【37题详解】考查形容词。A.easy容易的；B.joyful欢喜的；C.impossible不可能的；D.necessary必须的。根据Peoplethinkwinningis____17____,butit’snot.可知，人们认为胜利很容易，但事实并非如此。故选A。【38题详解】考查动词。A.play玩；B.help帮助；C.achieve取得；D.arrive到达。根据To____18____,apersonmustworkhardtoprovehisorherability.可知，要达到这个目的，一个人必须努力工作来证明他/她的能力。故选C。【39题详解】考查动词。A.serving服务；B.persuading劝说；C.teaching教；D.defeating战胜。根据Toshowothersyouarecapableof____19____them,youmustshowthemyouareawinner.Iama____20____.可知，为了让别人知道你有能力打败他们，你必须让他们知道你是胜利者。我是赢家。故选D。【40题详解】考查名词。A.dreamer梦想家；B.winner赢得者；C.learner学习者；D.coach教练。根据Toshowothersyouarecapableof____19____them,youmustshowthemyouareawinner.Iama____20____.可知，为了让别人知道你有能力打败他们，你必须让他们知道你是胜利者。我是赢家。故选B。【点睛】在做完形填空时一定要注意and/but/so/besides/however/furthermore/moreover/inaddition/what’smore等词汇、固定结构的运用。它们连接了上下文，起着承上起下的作用。像but（但是）、however（然而），表示转折，这说明前后的内容相反或相对。本题第15小题，根据Iwantedtoendit.Ireallydid____15____IfoundthatIcouldn’t.可知，我想结束它。我真的想，但我发现我做不到。此处but表示转折，故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。22\nTherailnetworkformsthebackboneoftheChinesetransportsystemandservesmostofthecities____41____(visit)canexploremuchofChinabytrainandmanyfinditanefficientandinexpensivemeansoftravel.Thecostisaround25percent____42____(little)thancomparableairservices.In2022,therewasatotalof121,000kmofrailwaytrackinChina,____43____(make)ChineserailrankfirstinAsia.Doubletrackrailwayscovered68,076km,whileelectrifiedlinescoveredabout80,352km.Now,Therailwaytravelsthrough____44____wholecountry.Beijingisthehub（枢纽）ofthenorth-southlines____45____thewest-eastlinecentreisatZhengzhou.Chinesetrainsdifferfromthoseinothercountries.InChina,theaccommodationonthetrains____46____(divide)intofourcategories,namely,soft-sleeper,soft-seat,hard-sleeperandhard-seat.There____47____(be)washroomsonthetrains.Thetoilets,regardlessofclass,arenotusuallyverycleanand____48____isagoodideatobringyourowntoiletpaper.____49____(boil)waterisavailableontrainsanddiningcarsonlongdistanceroutesonly.Reservationsshouldbemadeinadvance,especiallyduringtheholidaysandtravelseason.Ticketsmaybepurchased____50____(direct)fromrailstationsorbookedafewdaysinadvancefromyourtravelagencies,hotels,orticketoffice.【答案】41.Visitors42.less43.making44.the45.while/and46.isdivided47.are48.it49.Boiled50.Directly【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了铁路网络是中国交通系统的支柱，服务于大部分城市。游客可以通过火车探索中国的大部分地区，许多人认为这是一种高效、廉价的旅行方式。【41题详解】22\n考查名词复数。句意：游客可以通过火车探索中国的大部分地区，许多人认为这是一种高效、廉价的旅行方式。结合句意可知此处用名词复数，故答案为Visitors。【42题详解】考查比较级。根据than可知此处用比较级，故答案为less。【43题详解】考查现在分词做结果状语。句意：2022年，中国铁路总里程达121000公里，使中国铁路在亚洲名列第一。此处是现在分词做自然的结果状语。故答案为making。【44题详解】考查定冠词。句意：铁路贯穿整个国家。thewholecountry整个国家，故答案为the。【45题详解】考查并列连词。句意：北京是南北分界线的中心，而西线中心位于郑州。结合句意可知答案为while/and。【46题详解】考查一般现在时态的被动语态。句意：在中国，火车上的住宿分为四类，即软卧、软座、硬卧和硬座。可知句子用一般现在是太的被动语态，故答案为isdivided。【47题详解】考查主谓一致。句意：火车上有洗手间。此处是therebe句型，句子主语是washrooms，一般现在时态，故答案为are。【48题详解】考查it的用法。句意：厕所，不管什么等级，通常都不是很干净，带你自己的厕纸是个好主意。此处it是形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语，故答案为it。【49题详解】考查过去分词做前置定语。句意：仅在长途线路上，火车和餐车上才有开水。此处boil和water之间是被动关系，是过去分词做前置定语，故答案为Boiled。【50题详解】考查副词。句意：门票可以直接从火车站购买，也可以提前几天从旅行社、酒店或售票处预订。此处是副词修饰动词，故答案为Directly。第三部分写作（百强校英语解析团队专供）（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。22\n增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。DearDavid,Howtimeflies!Ithasbeenatotallyweeksinceyouleftourschoolbutitseemsayear.Youcan’timaginewhatImissthetimewespentlearntogether!Thetimeissoshortbutimpressive.Iamveryhappytohavemadefriendswithyou.IamverygratefultoyourhelpwithmyEnglishandIhavemadegreatprogressesinmyEnglish.Iamsureitwillbebeneficialtoyourfuturestudy.Althoughwehavedeparted,butourfriendshipwilllastforever.Idohopewecankeeptouchasweusedto.AndIwilltrymybesttocontinuingthispreciousfriendship.Yours,LiHua【答案】【解析】【分析】本文是一封书信。LiHua怀念和好朋友David在一起的美好时光。22\n【详解】1.考查形容词。此处是形容词修饰名词，故把totally改成total。2.考查宾语从句。句意：你无法想象我多么怀念我们一起学习的时光！结合句意可知imagine后面是how引导的宾语从句，故把what改成how。3.考查固定结构。句意：你无法想象我多么怀念我们一起学习的时光！spend---（in）doingsth.在做某事上花费---，故把learn改成learning。4.考查时态。句意：时间很短，但令人印象深刻。此处指“过去一起度过的时间”，故把is改成was。5.考查固定词组。begratefulforsth.因为某事而感激，故把故把to改成for。6.考查不可数名词的用法。此处progress（进步）是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故把progresses改成progress。7.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：我相信这对我将来的学习是有好处的。结合句意可知把your改成my。8.考查Although的用法。Although不和but在同一句中出现，故把but去掉。9.考查固定搭配。keepintouch保持联系，故在keep后加in。10.考查固定结构。tryone’sbesttodosth.竭尽全力做某事，故把continuing改成continue。【点睛】不能再同一句中出现的词：1.though/although/while/inspiteof/despite(尽管)不能和but在同一句中出现；because/as/since(因为)不能和so在同一句中出现；repeat不能和agian在同一句中出现；enter不能和in/into在同一句中出现；return不能和back在同一句中出现。第二节书面表达（百强校英语解析团队专供）（满分5分）52.假定你是李华，你校计划下周日去南山潮（NanshanLake）开展保护水资源的宣传活动，就此请你写封信给外教Smith，邀请他一起参加，活动主要内容包括：1.在湖边捡垃圾；2.派发宣传广告；3.讲解保护水资源的重要性。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。____________________________________________________________________________________________22\n____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearSmith,Iamwritingtoinviteyoutotakepartinanactivityabouttheprotectionofwaterresources.Theactivity,whichwillbeheldatNanshanLakenextSunday,willbeverygoodforsurroundingenvironment.Allthestudentsinourschoolwillgotheretopickuptherubbishandremindpeopleoftheimportanceofprotectingwaterresources.Wewillalsohandoutpaperadsonprotectingwatertopeoplethere.Knowingthatyoualwayshavebeenveryactiveinprotectingenvironmentformanyyears,I’msureyouwouldnotmisssuchagoodchance.Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本文书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封书信。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文是一封书信：假定你是李华，你校计划下周日去南山潮（NanshanLake）开展保护水资源的宣传活动，就此请你写封信给外教Smith，邀请他一起参加，活动主要内容包括：在湖边捡垃圾；派发宣传广告；讲解保护水资源的重要性。第2步：根据写作要求确定关键词，如：anactivityabouttheprotectionofwaterresources（一个关于保护水资源的活动）；NanshanLake（南山湖）；pickuptherubbishandremindpeopleoftheimportanceofprotectingwaterresources（捡垃圾和保护水资源的重要性）；misssuchagoodchance（错过这样一个好机会）等。22\n第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态语态问题。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】本文是一封书信，内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。Theactivity,whichwillbeheldatNanshanLakenextSunday,willbeverygoodforsurroundingenvironment.句中which引导非限制性定语从句；Knowingthatyoualwayshavebeenveryactiveinprotectingenvironmentformanyyears,I’msureyouwouldnotmisssuchagoodchance.现在分词做原因状语。22
