兰州一中2022-2022-2学期高二年级期末英语试卷说明：本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。答案写在答题卡上，交卷时只交答题卡。第一部分：阅读理解（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWe’reanation—aglobe,infact—obsessedwithourhair.Analystsestimatetheglobalhairproductindustrytobeworth€22.6billion,growingatarateofuptosevenpercentayear.Thereseemstobenolimitonwhatwe’llspendtoavoidabadhairday.Butfordevoteesofanundergroundbeautymovement,thesecretliesinthrowingawaytheshampoo,infactallthehairproducts,forgood.The“no-poo”method,whichinvolvesusingnaturalsubstitutesorjustwaterinplaceofshampooandconditioner,issupportedbyseveralcircles.Beautyinsiders,includingwritersforwomen’smagazinesandprofessionalhairdressers,speakhighlyofhowhairbecomesthicker,fuller,softerandbrighter.Andenvironmentalistswhoaremindfulofmoneyfeelgreatjoyatthelackofchemicalsinandontheirbodies—nottomentiontheimpactontheirbudgets.Nowonedevoteeishopingtotakeitmainstream.LucyAitkenRead,whosebookHappyHair:Thedefinitiveguidetogivingupshampoowasreleasedlastweek,hasn’tusedshampoofortwoyearsandherglowingbrownhairisvisiblyinperfectcondition.Forher,themotivationcameafterreadingastudythatclaimedwomenput515chemicalsontheirbodiesdaily.“Iinitiallythought‘Ha!Theydidn’tresearchme!’,”AitkenReadsays.“ThenIlookedatthebackofmyshampoobottleandrealizedtherewereloadsofchemicalcomponentsIdidn’trecognizeintheslightest.”Strangelyit’soilyhairthatcouldbenefitthemostfromgivingupshampoo.22\nThetheorybehindthe“no-poo”methodisthatshampooremovesthehairfromitsnaturaloils,whichcausesthescalp(头皮)togeneratemoreoilstoreplacethem.Thisresultsinoiloverload—oilyhair—whichwethenattemptto“fix”withmoreshampoo.It’savicious(恶性的)circleandquiteabrilliantsuccessfortheshampooindustry,becausethemoreshampooyouuse,themoreyouneedtouseandthemorefrequentlyyouneedtouseit.Lefttoitsowndevicesorwashedwithnaturalsubstitutes,thescalpeventuallytheoreticallyreturnstoitsnaturalbalance.Theresultshouldbehealthierhairthatisstronger,thickerandfullerasitislessdamagedthanshampooedhair.1.Whatcanweknowfromthefirstparagraph?A.Moreandmorepeopleproducehairproducts.B.Moreandmorepeoplewastemoneyontheirhair.C.Moreandmorehairproductsarewastedeveryyear.D.Moreandmorehairproductsareproducedeveryyear.2.AccordingtoPara5,environmentalistsareinfavorof“no-poo”methodbecause_______.A.ithasthesamechemicalsasshampoodoesB.ithelpsreducetheirbudgetsondailyexpensesinawayC.naturalsubstitutesarefriendlytotheenvironmentD.theyknowshampoohasanimpactontheirhealth3.WhatcanwelearnfromLucy’swords?A.Shedidn’trealizeshampoocontainssomanyharmfulchemicals.B.Shedidn’trealizeshampoocontainsallthenecessarychemicals.C.Shecouldn’trecognizethedescriptionontheshampoobottle.D.Shedidn’trecognizeshewasquitedifferentfromotherwomen.4.Whatisthemaintroublewithshampoo?A.Itaddsmoreoilstothehair.B.Itpreventsthescalpproducingoils.C.Itbadlyimpactstheshampooindustry.D.Itmakespeopleaddictedtousingitmoreoften.22\n【答案】1.D2.B3.A4.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇科教类阅读。文章讲述LucyAitkenRead在偶然看到一项研究后，决定不再使用洗发水，但头发反而变得更好，指出过度使用洗发水只能造成恶性循环，说明让头发自然恢复平衡或使用天然替代品可以使头发变得更好。【1题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在第一段Analystsestimatetheglobalhairproductindustrytobeworth€22.6billion,growingatarateofuptosevenpercentayear.可知，分析师估计全球的洗发产品产值226亿，而且还在以每年高达7%的速度增加，由此推断出每年，越来越多的洗发产品被生产，故选D。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段Andenvironmentalistswhoaremindfulofmoneyfeelgreatjoyatthelackofchemicalsinandontheirbodies—nottomentiontheimpactontheirbudgets.(很在乎金钱的环保主义者对于他们体内及体外没有化学物质感到很开心——更别提对于他们预算的影响。)推知，环保人士支持“不用洗发水”是因为这在某种程度上，可以减少日常开支，故选B选项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的ThenIlookedatthebackofmyshampoobottleandrealizedtherewereloadsofchemicalcomponentsIdidn'trecognizeintheslightest.（然后我就看了看我洗发水瓶的背面，并且意识到里面装有我之前根本就没有注意到的化学成分。）可知，由此推断出Lucy没有意识到洗发水包含这么多有害的化学品，故选A。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段becausethemoreshampooyouuse,themoreyouneedtouseandthemorefrequentlyyouneedtouseit.(因为你使用的洗发水越多，你就越需要使用，而且越频繁)推知，洗发水的主要问题是“它们使人们会上瘾”，故选D。【点睛】抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理。做此类试题要善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正面推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。小题2，根据第五段Andenvironmentalistswhoaremindfulofmoneyfeelgreatjoyatthelackofchemicalsinandontheirbodies—nottomentionthe22\nimpactontheirbudgets.可知，很在乎金钱的环保主义者对于他们体内及体外没有化学物质感到很开心--更别提对于他们预算的影响．由此推断出环保人士支持“不用洗发水”是因为这在某种程度上可以减少日常花费，故选B选项。BAlongwithitsneighbors,Swedenfeaturesnearthetopofmostsex-equalityrankings.TheWorldEconomicForumratesitashavingoneofthenarrowestsexgapsintheworld.Swedenisnotonlyagoodplaceforawoman,butitappearstobeonefornewdads.ClosetoninetypercentofSwedishfatherstakepaternityleave(陪产假).Lastyearsome340,000dadstookatotalof12milliondays’leave,thatis,approximatelysevenweekseach.Womentakeevenmoreleavedaystospendtimewiththeirchildren,butthegapisshrinking.WhydoSwedishdadstakesomuchtimeoffworktoraisetheirchildren?FortyyearsagoSwedenbecamethefirstcountryintheworldtointroduceapaidparental-leaveallowance.Benefitsconsistedofninetypercentofwagesfor180daysperchild,andparentswerefreetosharethedaysbetweentheminwhateverwaytheypleased.Butthepolicywashardlyahitwithdads:inthepolicy’sfirstyearmentookonly0.5%ofallpaidparentalleave.Todaytheytakeaquarterofit.Onereasonisthatthepolicyhasbecomemoregenerous,withthenumberofpaidleavedaysforthefirstchildincreasingfrom180to480.In1995thefirstso-called“daddymonth”wasintroduced.Underthisreform,familiesinwhicheachparenttookatleastonemonthofleavereceivedanadditionalmonthtoaddtotheirtotalallowance.Thepolicywasexpandedin2022sothatifthemotherandfathereachtookatleasttwomonths’leave,thefamilywouldgettwoextramonths.Somepoliticiansnowwanttogofurther,advocatingthatthepresentsystemofsharedleavebeturnedintooneofpersonalrights,underwhichmothersshouldbeallowedtotakeonlyhalfofthefamily’sallowance,withtherestreservedforfathers.SinceSwedishmenstartedtotakemoreresponsibilityforchildupbringing,womenhaveseenboththeirincomesandlevelsofself-reportedhappinessincrease.Payingdadstochangenappies(尿布)andhangoutatplaygroundsseemstobenefit22\nthewholefamily.5.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.SwedishSexEqualityB.SwedishFathers’PaternityLeaveC.SwedishNewDadPolicyD.SwedishNewFathers’FamilyRole6.WhydoesSwedenappearagoodplacefornewdads?A.Swedenhasthesmallestglobalsexgap.B.Theyfeedtheirchildreninsteadofmothers.C.Mostofthemareprovidedwithpaternityleave.D.Swedishfatherstakemoreleavedaysthanmothers.7.Howhasthepolicychangedovertime?A.Fatherscanhavelongerpaternityleave.B.Paternityleavedecreasesfathers’incomes.C.Fatherstakemoreresponsibilitythanmothers.D.Leavedaysaredividedequallybetweenparents.【答案】5.B6.C7.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了瑞典一项非常好的福利——父亲的陪产假，并对其原因进行了分析。【5题详解】主旨大意题。答案定位在第一段Swedenisnotonlyagoodplaceforawoman,butitappearstobeonefornewdads.ClosetoninetypercentofSwedishfatherstakepaternityleave(陪产假).结合全文内容，可知文章主要讲了瑞典一项非常好的福利——父亲的陪产假，故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第一段Swedenisnotonlyagoodplaceforawoman,butitappearstobeonefornewdads.ClosetoninetypercentofSwedishfatherstakepaternityleave(陪产假).可知瑞典看起来对初为人父的人是一个好地方。因为他们大多数人都有陪产假，故选C。【7题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在倒数第二段Underthisreform,familiesinwhicheachparent22\ntookatleastonemonthofleavereceivedanadditionalmonthtoaddtotheirtotalallowance.Thepolicywasexpandedin2022sothatifthemotherandfathereachtookatleasttwomonths’leave,thefamilywouldgettwoextramonths.可知随着时间的过去，父亲们有了更长的陪产假，故选A。CThefollowingsimpleexerciseroutineworksaswellasprescriptionmedication(处方药)withoutsideeffects.Ajogadaycouldkeepyourheadachesatbay;regularcardioworkouts(有氧锻炼)maypreventmigraines(偏头痛),agrowingbodyofresearchsuggests.Migrainepatientshadfewerheadachesafterdoing40-minutecyclingworkoutsthreetimesaweekforthreemonths,accordingtoaSwedishstudy.Theexerciseroutineworkedjustaswellasoneofthetopmigraine-preventingdrugs—topamirate,butwithoutsideeffectsofdepressionandtremors(颤抖).“Cardioworkoutscanhelpwithregularheadaches,too,”saysAlexanderMauskop,M.D.,directoroftheNewYorkHeadacheCenterinManhattan.Thereareacoupleoftheoriesonhowitworks.“Breakingasweatmayrelievestress,”saysDr.Mauskop.Headachesareoftentriggeredbystress,andifyouremovethetrigger,youreleasethepain.Thefeel-goodchemicalsproducedwhenyouexerciseactuallyblockyourpainsensors,actingasanaturalpainkiller.Sinceheadachescanbecausedbymanydifferentfactorslikegenetics,lackofsleep,orcertainfoods,thecardioworkoutwon’tbethesolutionforeveryone,Dr.Mauskopsays.ButoneGermanstudyfoundthatithelped65percentofpatients,whichmakesitaseffectiveasthebestmedicinesonthemarket.Dr.Mauskoprecommendshispatientsdoahalf-hourreasonableintensity(强度)cardioworkout,likejogging,biking,orswimmingthreetimesaweek.Theseworkoutsaremeanttobeslowandsteady,asopposedtohigh-intensityintervalsthatalternatebetweenall-outrunsandrest.Pushingyourselftoomuchorincreasingtheintensitytooquicklycantriggerheadachesinsomepeople,somakesureyourheartratedoesn’tjumpabove150BPM.22\nIfyoudon’thaveaheartratemonitor,thenbreatheonlythroughyournose.You’llknowyou’regoingtoohardifyoucan’tkeepupthatbreathingpattern.Yourmigrainescouldstartdisappearinginacoupleofweeks,Dr.Mauskopsays.8.Accordingtothepassage,theauthormayagreethat_______.A.jogging,swimmingandfishingarecardioworkouts.B.neithercardioworkoutsnortopamiratehassideeffectsC.migrainepatientsmaybecuredbyregularcardioworkoutsD.cardioworkoutswillbethesolutionforeveryonewithmigraines9.Theunderlinedword“triggered”inParagraph7canbereplacedby_______.A.curedB.releasedC.causedD.monitored10.Whatwouldbethebesttitle?A.AcureforheadachesB.SideeffectsofmigrainesC.ThecausesofheadachesD.Advantagesofcardioworkouts.【答案】8.C9.C10.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新的治疗偏头疼的方法——定期的有氧运动。【8题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第二段Ajogadaycouldkeepyourheadachesatbay;regularcardioworkouts(有氧锻炼)maypreventmigraines(偏头痛),agrowingbodyofresearchsuggests.可知偏头疼的病人有可能被定期的有氧运动治愈，故选C。【9题详解】词义猜测题。答案定位在第七段Headachesareoftentriggeredbystress,andifyouremovethetrigger,youreleasethepain.这句话的意思是头疼经常是由压力造成的，如果你去除压力，你就会缓解疼痛，所以“triggered”的意思是造成，A.cured治愈；B.released释放；C.caused造成；D.monitored监控，故选C。【10题详解】主旨大意题。文章介绍了一种新的治疗偏头疼的方法——定期的有氧运动，所以这篇文章最好的题目是一种治疗头疼的方法，故选A。第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）22\n根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Moststudentshaveexperiencedorsufferedfromprocrastination(拖延症).Herearesometipstohelpyoureduceprocrastination.SetgoalsStudentsoftenprocrastinatebecausetheythinkthattheycanputofftheworkforawhileandenjoytheirtimeatthemoment.___11___,whenthedeadlinebecomesonedayawayandtheessayhasyettobestarted.Inordertostayontrack,youshouldconstantlysetandupdategoals.Itcanbebeneficialtomarkalldeadlinesinaplannerandthinkabouthowmuchtimeyouneedtomeetthemall.Updateyourplanfortheupcomingtwoweekssothatyoudonotgetoverwhelmed,andcontinuetoupdateasotherassignmentsandeventsarise.Additionally,makeadailyscheduleinordertoreachnecessarygoalsbeforegoingtobed.RewardyourselfItcanbecomeextremelydifficulttoworkforhoursstraightinordertofinishschoolwork.Inordertokeepproductivity,setbreaksattheendofaperiodoftimeoronceyoufinishasectionofyourworksothatyoucanrewardyourselfwithsomedeserved,scheduled,andcontrolledprocrastination-likeactivities.___12___.Breaksliketheseareproventoincreaseproductivityandkeepyoufocused,andtheywillmaketheprocessofstudyingmuchmorebearable!Remindyourselfofwhatyou’redoingSometimesyoumaybegintothinkthatwhatyouareworkingonhaslittletodowithwhatyouultimatelywanttodo.Youmayconsidersomeworkoraclasspointlessandnotusefultoyourfurtherstudies.However,whenthesethoughtsarise,remindyourselfwhattheultimategoalofyourschoolingis.Remindyourselfwhyyouwantedtogotoschoolandtakethisprograminthefirstplace.___13___.TurnofftheInternet___14___.IfyoudonotneedtheInternettodoyourwork,turnitoffsothatyouarenotreceivingnotificationswhilecompletingyourwork,andyouarenotsotemptedtosearchforsites.Thesamegoesforyourcellphone;youcantakeabreak22\nfrombeingconnectedtothecyberworldinordertodoyourschoolwork.Ifyoufeeltheneedtocheckmessagesandwebsitesoften,settimewhenyouwillallowyourselftodosoratherthanconstantlystayingconnected.___15___Beingproductiveforallhoursofeverydaydoesnotwork—youdoneedbreaks,andasastudentyouareentitledtohavealotoffun.So,inordertobalanceproductivityandamusement,plantimetogooutwithfriendsordosomethingrelaxing.Butideally,socialandrelaxationsplansshouldbemadeafterasignificantportionofworkiscomplete.Thisway,whileyouareworking,youcankeepinmindthatonceyouhavefinishedyourworkyoucangooutandnotworryaboutyourassignments.A.EnjoyeveryminuteinschoolB.HavesomethingtolookforwardtoC.TheInternethasbecomeanessentialpartofourdailylifeD.YoumayunderstandwhyyoushouldfocusoncompletingyourworkE.Thisthoughttendstomakethingsworse,thoughF.SomeofthemostcommondistractionsarethosefoundontheInternetG.Youmayhavecoffeewithafriend,cook,orwatchatelevisionshow【答案】11.E12.G13.D14.F15.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章作者对于如何减少拖延这一问题，给出了自己的一些妙招。【11题详解】上文Studentsoftenprocrastinatebecausetheythinkthattheycanputofftheworkforawhileandenjoytheirtimeatthemoment.（学生经常拖延，因为他们认为他们可以暂时推迟工作，享受眼下的时光），下文whenthedeadlinebecomesonedayawayandtheessayhasyettobestarted.指出了可能出现的一些糟糕的情况，该空承上启下，E选项“这样的想法会导致事情变得更糟糕”切题，故选E。【12题详解】22\n下文Breaksliketheseareproventoincreaseproductivityandkeepyoufocused,andtheywillmaketheprocessofstudyingmuchmorebearable!意思是像这样的休息可以提高生产率，并且让你专心，它们可以让学习的过程更能忍受，所以上文会列举一些具体的休息方法，G选项“你可以和一个朋友喝咖啡，做饭或者看一个电视节目”切题，故选G。【13题详解】上文Remindyourselfwhyyouwantedtogotoschoolandtakethisprograminthefirstplace.提醒你自己为什么想去学校，并且把这个项目放在首位，该空与上文相呼应，D选项“你可能会明白你为什么应该集中完成你的工作”切题，故选D。【14题详解】这一段的标题是TurnofftheInternet（关掉网络），下文IfyoudonotneedtheInternettodoyourwork,turnitoffsothatyouarenotreceivingnotificationswhilecompletingyourwork,andyouarenotsotemptedtosearchforsites.(如果你不需要网络，就把它关掉)，故上文会说明开着网络的一些弊端，F选项“最常见的干扰来自网络”，故选F。【15题详解】这一段主要讲了完成一项工作时，要安排一些有趣的放松活动，所以这一段的标题应该是“有所期待”，故选B。第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）Skylynnalwayshadaloveforreading.Forher,storiesservedas___16___tonewworlds.Asshesurroundedherselfwith___17___tales,Skylynndevelopeda___18___forwritingaswell.Nowadaysshecanoftenbefoundwritingstoriesinherroomor___19___atthelibrary.Afterbeing___20___byherloveofreading,shepublishedherownbook___21___Sky’stheLimit.Sky’stheLimitisaboutalittlegirlwhowantstobecomeafamousplaywrightand___22___challengesthatcomeherwaybystaying___23___throughoutthestory.Thetaleisbasedonactual___24___inSkylynn’slifeandSkylynnidentifiesstronglywiththe___25___ofherbook.Infact,she,too,hasbeenbullied(欺凌)beforeandlaughedat.Sometimespeoplewouldclaimherdreamswere___26___and22\nshewouldcomehomecrying.Intheend,___27___,justlikethelittlegirlinherbook,sheneverletthe___28___stopher.Skylynnstaysstrongby___29___herself.Wheneversheisfeelingdown,shetriestothinkpositivethoughtsand___30___herselfwithpositivepeople.Hermothertellsherthatthis“waterfallofpositiveattitudes”can___31___thebulling.Bybelievinginherselfandothers,Skylyn___32___blocksoutthevoicesofintimidators(威吓者).Shehopesthatherstorywillinspire___33___todevelopthesamebeliefinthemselves.InSkylynn’sopinion,everyonehasthecapabilityto___34___thatwhichtheyputtheirmindto.Dreamscanbereachedifwearewillingto___35___them.AsforSkylynn,herhappinessasaresultoftheprocessproveshowmeaningfulpursuingdreamscanbe.16.A.picturesB.actionsC.ticketsD.devotions17.A.magicalB.childishC.longD.complicated18.A.regretB.methodC.powerD.trend19.A.sometimesB.seldomC.alwaysD.never20.A.disappointedB.instructedC.inspiredD.moved21.A.renamedB.givenC.underlinedD.titled22.A.overcomesB.avoidsC.suggestsD.keeps23.A.kindB.positiveC.awakeD.healthy24.A.opinionsB.plansC.eventsD.opportunities25.A.heroineB.plotsC.linesD.construction26.A.boringB.interestingC.wonderfulD.unrealistic27.A.thereforeB.thenC.thoughD.still28.A.workB.darknessC.distanceD.story29.A.believinginB.referringtoC.attendingtoD.pointingat30.A.hideB.blameC.followD.surround31.A.matchB.conquerC.loseD.examine32.A.slightlyB.firstlyC.successfullyD.hardly33.A.readersB.writersC.girlsD.students22\n34.A.introduceB.acknowledgeC.copyD.accomplish35.A.rememberB.chaseC.admireD.value【答案】16.C17.A18.D19.A20.C21.D22.A23.B24.C25.A26.D27.C28.B29.A30.D31.B32.C33.A34.D35.B【解析】这是一篇人物类阅读。文章介绍了Skylynn，正如她所创造的故事中的人物一样坚强、乐观。Skylynn希望自己的故事能够鼓励读者形成同样的信仰。每个人都有能力完成他们用心做的事情。如果我们愿意去追逐梦想，梦想就会被实现。【16题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：对于她来说，故事是通往新世界的车票。A.pictures图片；B.actions行动；C.tickets车票；D.devotions奉献，故选C。【17题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：当她自己被神奇的故事包围时，Skylynn也养成了想要写作的趋势。A.magical神奇的；B.childish幼稚的；C.long长的；D.complicated复杂的，故选A。【18题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：当她自己被神奇的故事包围时，Skylynn也养成了想要写作的趋势。A.regret后悔；B.method方法；C.power力量；D.trend趋势，故选D。【19题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：现在她经常被发现在自己的房间写故事，或者有时候在图书馆。A.sometimes有时；B.seldom很少；C.always总是；D.never决不，故选A。【20题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：被她阅读的爱好所鼓舞，她出版了她自己的书，标题是《Sky’stheLimit》。A.disappointed失望；B.instructed说明；C.inspired鼓舞；D.moved移动，故选C。【21题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：被她阅读的爱好所鼓舞，她出版了她自己的书，标题是《Sky’stheLimit》。A.renamed改名；B.given给；C.underlined下划线；D.titled加标题于，故选D。22\n【22题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：《Sky’stheLimit》讲了一个想要成为伟大的剧作家的小女孩儿，在故事中自始至终保持积极，克服路上的各种挑战。A.overcomes克服；B.avoids避免；C.suggests建议；D.keeps保持，故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：《Sky’stheLimit》讲了一个想要成为伟大的剧作家的小女孩儿，在故事中自始至终保持积极，克服路上的各种挑战。A.kind和蔼的；B.positive积极的；C.awake醒着的；D.healthy健康的，故选B。【24题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：这个故事是以Skylynn生活中的真实事件为基础的。A.opinions意见；B.plans计划；C.events事件；D.opportunities机会，故选C。【25题详解】考查名词辨析。在Skylynn的书中，她强烈地认同女主角。A.heroine女主角；B.plots情节；C.lines线；D.construction建造，故选A。【26题详解】考查形容词辨析。根据andshewouldcomehomecrying.可知这里意思是有时，人们会断言她的梦想不切实际。A.boring无聊的；B.interesting有趣的；C.wonderful极好的；D.unrealistic不切实际的，故选D。【27题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：可是最后，她就像书中的这个小女孩儿一样，从不让黑暗阻止她前进的步伐。A.therefore因此；B.then然后；C.though可是；D.still仍然，故选C。【28题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：可是最后，她就像书中的这个小女孩儿一样，从不让黑暗阻止她前进的步伐。A.work工作；B.darkness黑暗；C.distance距离；D.story故事，故选B。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Skylynn通过信任自己，让自己保持坚强。A.believingin信任；B.referringto提及；C.attendingto照顾；D.pointingat指向，故选A。【30题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：当她感到沮丧时，她努力想一些正面的想法，让自己被积极的人包围。A.hide隐藏；B.blame责备；C.follow跟随；D.surround包围，故选D。22\n【31题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：她的妈妈告诉她，积极态度的瀑布可以爆震除石。A.match匹配；B.conquer战胜；C.lose失去；D.examine检查，故选B。【32题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：通过信任自己和其他人，Skylyn成功地制止了威吓者的声音。A.slightly轻微地；B.firstly首先；C.successfully成功地；D.hardly几乎不，故选C。【33题详解】考查名词辨析。她希望她的故事能鼓励读者，形成同样的信仰。A.readers读者；B.writers作家；C.girls女孩；D.students学生，故选A。【34题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：依Skylynn来看，每个人都有能力完成他们用心做的事情。A.introduce介绍；B.acknowledge承认；C.copy复制；D.accomplish完全，故选D。【35题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：如果我们愿意去追逐梦想，梦想就会被实现。A.remember记得；B.chase追逐；C.admire钦佩；D.value评价，故选B。第二节：语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheBritishhavemanytraditionsbutthereisnothingmorequintessential(典型的)thantakingafternoontea.WeknowtheBritishhavealoveaffairwithdrinkingtea,_______36_______morethan160millioncupsdrunkeveryday,butitwastheinventionofafternoonteathatturnedtea-drinkinginto______37______popularpastime.Thissociablefeastinvolvesdrinkinggoodqualitytea_______38_______(comfort)whilenibbling(小口吃)onnicesandwiches,sconeswithjamandcreamandaselectionofsmallcakes.And,ofcourse,itcanonlyhappenintheafternoon!Afternoontea,which_______39_______(design)asalightsnacktobridgethegapbetweenlunchanddinner,datesbacktothe1840s.Itwentontobecomea______40______(fashion)socialoccasionfortheupperclasses.Nowthereisaresurgence(复苏)inits_______41_______(popular)intheUK22\nanditisavailabletoanyonewhocanaffordit._______42_______itcanbeenjoyedathome,thebestwaytoexperienceitisatasmarthotelofcafé.Butifyou’rethinkingofvisitingsuchaplace___43___(enjoy)aplateofsweetandsavorytreatswithasteaminghotbrew,remembertherulesyoumustfollowtoavoid_______44_______(ask)toleave.WriterHenryJamesoncenotedthat“therearefewhoursinlifemoreagreeablethanthehourdedicatedtotheceremonyknownasafternoontea”.I’msureonceyoutryit,you______45______(agree).【答案】36.with37.a38.comfortably39.wasdesigned40.fashionable41.popularity42.Though/Although43.toenjoy44.beingasked45.willagree【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国人非常喜欢喝下午茶，下午茶的发明把喝茶变成了一个很受欢迎的娱乐。去外边喝茶时，有些规矩是必须遵守的，否则人家可能会请你离开。【36题详解】考查with+复合结构。句意：我们知道英国人非常喜欢喝下午茶，每天1.6亿杯茶被喝掉。“with+复合结构”又称为“with结构”，在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常做伴随，方式，原因，条件等状语。with+名词+-ed分词（强调名词是-ed分词动作的承受者或动作已经发生）所以填with。【37题详解】考查冠词。句意：正是下午茶的发明把喝茶变成了一个很受欢迎的娱乐。题干中泛指“一个很受欢迎的娱乐”，popular的首字母发音是辅音，所以填不定冠词a。【38题详解】22\n考查副词。drinking是一个动词，用副词修饰动词，所以填comfortably。【39题详解】考查时态和语态。which_______4_______(design)asalightsnack作定语，修饰Afternoontea，所以which_______4_______(design)asalightsnack是一个定语从句，which指代先行词Afternoontea，“下午茶”与“设计”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，这是发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以填wasdesigned。【40题详解】考查形容词。occasion是一个名词，需要用形容词修饰名词，故填fashionable。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：现在，在英国，它的流行成一种复苏趋势。in是一个介词，后面应该接名词，所以填popularity。【42题详解】考查连词。句意：尽管可以在家里享用，但是最好的方法是去一家精美的咖啡馆体验。题干中表示“尽管”，表转折的意思，所以填Though/Although。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词作状语。句意：如果你想去这样的地方去品尝甜品和美味小食，再饮一壶刚泡好的热茶，有些规矩是必须遵守的，否则人家可能会请你离开。这里不定式作目的状语，所以填toenjoy。【44题详解】考查常用结构。句意：如果你想去这样的地方去品尝甜品和美味小食，再饮一壶刚泡好的热茶，有些规矩是必须遵守的，否则人家可能会请你离开。avoid后接doing作宾语，“你”是被“要求离开”，用被动，所以填beingasked。【45题详解】考查时态。句意：我确信一旦你尝试过，你就会同意。once引导条件状语从句，如果主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，所以填willagree。【点睛】语法填空题的考查范围：动词（时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语形式）、名词、代词、冠词、介词、连词、固定搭配、形容词和副词的比较级最高级及构词法等。如：小题3是考查副词；小题5考查形容词；小题7考查连词；小题6考查名词等。解题策略：1.略读理解—分析填空—连贯检查（语法正确、语意连贯、拼写正确、书写规范、大小写准确）22\n2.了解语法、词法、句法和惯用法。第三部分：写作（共三节,满分45分）第一节单词拼写46.Whatp_____________ofhisincomeispaidinincometax?47.Thegovernmenthasdecidedtotightenitsi____________________policysincethecountrycan’tbearsomanypeople.48.Educationisc________________forchildreninmostcountries.49.Thefilmwasa____________________(商业)success.50.WhynotapplyforaUSp________________foryourinvention?Itisvalidforuptotwentyyears.51.Itisbelievedthatspeechd_________________humanbeingsfromanimals.52.Thecompetitionsaresofiercethatwehaveto___________________(妥协)ontheprice.53.Hehasawidecircleof_____________________(熟人).54.Livingconditionsinthecampwerepretty____________________(原始).55.Itisimpossibletoi____________________themanamongsomanypeople.【答案】46.percentage47.immigration48.compulsory49.commercial50.patent51.distinguishes52.compromise53.acquaintances54.primitive55.Identify【解析】【46题详解】句意：他收入的百分之多少用来交纳所得税？题干表示“百分比”，所以填percentage。【47题详解】22\n句意：因为这个国家不能承受如此多的人，所以政府决定收紧它的移民政策。题干表示“移民政策”，用名词，所以填immigration。【48题详解】句意：在大多数国家，对于孩子的教育是义务的。is后需要用形容词作表语，所以填compulsory。【49题详解】句意：这部电影儿是一个商业的成功。success是一个名词，应该用形容词来修饰名词，所以填commercial。【50题详解】句意：为什么不为你的发明申请一个美国专利？它的有效期到20年。该空作applyfor的宾语，应该用名词，所以填patent。【51题详解】句意：据说是语言使得动物和人区分开来。在一般现在时中，主语speech是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，所以填distinguishes。【52题详解】句意：竞争太激烈了，以至于我们不得不在价格上妥协。haveto之后用动词原形，所以填compromise。【53题详解】句意：他有很广泛的人际圈。“熟人”是复数，用名词复数，所以填acquaintances。【54题详解】句意：露营中的居住条件相当地原始。be动词were之后，用形容词作表语，所以填primitive。【55题详解】句意：在这么多人中认出这个人是不可能的。to之后用动词原形，所以填identify。【点睛】本题考点涉及副词，非谓语动词，代词，时态语态，副词，形容词，定语从句以及介词等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在句意的基础上，进一步根据前后句的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。第二节：短文改错（满分10分）56.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。22\n删除:把多余的词用斜线\划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分DearPeter,FromyourletterIhaveknownthatyouandyourfamilyplanstogototheDisneylandinShanghai.Iamwillingtotellyousomethingaboutit.TheDisneylandwasopentothepubliconJune16,2022,whereyoucanenjoyedamagicalworld.Asfortheticket,thepriceforanadultis370yuanperperson,whileachildunder7onlyneedstopayfor185yuan.Besides,Ihavesomeadvicesforyou.Considerthefoodintheparkisextremeexpensive,youshouldtakesomesnacksandwater.Onaddition,youaresupposedtowearsportsshoes,thatcanmakeyourvisitmoreenjoyable.Wishyouhappyvisit.Ifyouhadanyquestion,don’thesitatetoturntome.Yourstruly,LiHua【答案】L1plans—planL3enjoyed—enjoyL5payfor中for删除;advices—adviceL6Consider—Considering;extreme—extremelyL7On—In;that—whichL8happyvisit前加a—ahappyvisit;had—have【解析】【分析】这是李华写给彼得的一封信。在信中，李华得知彼得和他的家人将要去上海的迪士尼乐园玩，李华为彼得详细介绍了旅游攻略。【详解】第一处：考查主谓一致。主语“你和你的家人”是复数，谓语动词不用第三人称单数，所以plans—plan。第二处：考查情态动词。can是一个情态动词，情态动词后，用动词原形，所以enjoyed—enjoy。第三处：考查动词的用法。pay用作及物动词时，意思是“支付”，22\n宾语可以是“人”、“钱”；payfor中的pay为不及物动词，其宾语多为物，即payforsth.，意为“付款买某物”，其宾语为人时，即payforsb.，意为“替某人付款。”题干中意思是“一个七岁以下的孩子仅需要支付185元”，所以payfor中for删除。第四处：考查名词单复数。句意：此外，我还有一些建议给你。advice是不可数名词，所以advices—advice。第五处：考查非谓语动词。Consider的逻辑主语是you，它们之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作原因状语，Consider—Considering。第六处：考查副词。expensive是一个形容词，需要用副词修饰形容词，所以extreme—extremely。第七处：考查固定短语。句意：此外，你应该穿运动鞋，这会使得你的旅行更加愉快。inaddition此外，该短语是固定短语，所以On—In。第八处：考查定语从句。whichcanmakeyourvisitmoreenjoyable.作定语，修饰整个句子，所以whichcanmakeyourvisitmoreenjoyable.是一个定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，指代整个主句内容，只能用which，所以that—which。第九处：考查冠词。句意：祝你有一次快乐的旅行。题干中泛指“一次快乐的旅行”，happy的首字母发音是辅音，用不定冠词a，所以happyvisit前加a—ahappyvisit。第十处：if引导的条件状语从句，主句是一般将来时态、祈使句或情态动词，从句要用现在时态，所以had—have。第三节：书面表达（满分25分）57.如今，我们身边不乏“低头族”。他们在与朋友聚会、家人团聚或乘坐交通工具时，常常低头忙于浏览手机。请简要描述此现象，并发表你的看法。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。提示词：低头族phubbingThephenomenonthatpeoplearealwaysphubbingisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________22\n___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Thephenomenonthatpeoplearealwaysphubbingisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.Somepeopleonlystareatthescreensoftheirphones,ignoringthepeoplearoundthemnomatterwhentheytakeabus,holdapartyorevengettogetherwiththeirfamilies.Worsestill,theywillnotmissthechanceofsurfingtheInternetorplayingthegameswhentheycrosstheroad,whichislikelytocauseseriousaccidentsandthreatentheirlives.Itishightimethatwethrewawaythephoneandraisedourheadsup.Docherishtheonesaroundusandappreciatethesplendidsceneryaheadofus.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于话题类。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为话题类作文。如今，我们身边不乏“低头族”。他们在与朋友聚会、家人团聚或乘坐交通工具时，常常低头忙于浏览手机。请简要描述此现象，并发表你的看法。时态应为一般现在时。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：stareat凝视，takeabus乘公车，holdaparty举行宴会，worsestill更糟糕的是，threaten威胁，throwaway扔掉，cherish珍惜。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。亮点说明：作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如：Worsestill,theywillnotmissthechanceofsurfingtheInternetorplayingthegameswhentheycrosstheroad,22\nwhichislikelytocauseseriousaccidentsandthreatentheirlives.定语从句的运用；Itishightimethatwethrewawaythephoneandraisedourheadsup.常用句型的运用。本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。22
