2022届高三入学调研考试卷英语注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）(略)第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ABigMessagingAppsAbroadWhileWeChatisChina'sbiggestmobilemessagingapp,therearemanysimilarappsinothercountriesthatoffersimilarfeatures.WhatsApp(US)Users:morethan300millionPlatforms:Android,iOS,WindowsPhone,BlackBerryFeatures:Textchat,push-to-talk,filesharing,locationsharingWithmorethan300millionactiveusers,WhatsAppisoneofWeChat'sbiggestcompetitors.Developedbytwoex-Yahooemployeesin2022,WhatsApporiginallyfocusedontextchat,butonAug.6italsostartedpush-to-talkservice.It'snotedforitsaccessibility,easeofuseandtheabsenceofadvertisements.Theserviceisfree19\nforthefirstyear,afterwhich$0.99(6.06yuan)ischargedforaone–yearsubscription.KakaoTalk(SouthKorea)Users:morethan100millionPlatform:Android,iOS,windowsPhone,BlackBerryandBada(anoperatesystemdevelopedbySamsung)Features:Textchat,groupchat,push–to–talk,groupcalls,filesharingWithmorethan100millionusersinmorethan230countries,KakaoTalkisamulti-platform(多平台)textingapplicationthatallowsuserstosendandreceivemessagesfortree.WithKakaoTalk,userscanmessageeachotherone-on-oneoringroupchatswithunlimitednumbersoffriends.Youcanalsochoosefrommorethan250animatedemoticonsandsharethemwithfriends.Line(Japan)Users:morethan200millionPlatforms:Android,iOS,WindowsPhone,BlackBerryandPCFeatures:Textchat,groupchat,push–to–talk,filesharing,locationsharing,gaming,stickersLinetopsthelistofthemostdownloadedfreeappsin52countries.Apartfromtextandvoicemessaging,Lineprovidesitsuserswithmorethan250originalstickersandemoticonstobuyfromitsownshop.Inthefirstquarterof2022alone,itmade$17millionjustfromstickers.ThepopularappalsoallowsfriendstobattleeachotherintheLinegames.21.Thefirstparagraphofthepassageisusedto_____________________.A.introducethemostpopularmobilemessagingappsinChinaB.talkaboutnewfeaturesinthelatestmobilemessagingappsC.drawreaders’attentiontovariouspopularmobilemessagingappsD.explainhowmobilemessagingappshavebecomesopopular22.Comparedwiththeothertwoapps,whichofthefollowingfeaturesmakesLinestandout?A.Groupmobilegames.19\nB.Freestickersandemoticons.C.Freedownloadoftheapp.D.Textandgroupchat.23.OneofthepopularfeaturesofWhatsAppisthatusers_____________________.A.cansendandreceivemessagesforfreeB.canenjoylivevideochatswithingroupsC.regularlysetfreestickersandemoticonsD.don’tneedtoworryaboutunwantedads【答案】21.C22.A23.D【解析】本文是一篇广告布告类短文阅读。文章主要介绍了国外几个较大的移动交流应用软件。21.推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可推知，第一段在文章中起导入作用，以引起读者对各种移动交流应用软件的关注，故选C项。22.细节理解题。根据文章对三个不同移动交流应用软件特色的介绍可知，日本的Line有gaming和stickers这两个特别的功能，结合选项可知，故选A项。23.细节理解题。根据WhatsApp(US)部分的It'snotedforitsaccessibility,easeofuseandtheabsenceofadvertisements.可知，WhatsApp受人欢迎的特点就是没有广告。故选D。BHere’sasimplechallenge:nameafamousinventor.PerhapsLeonardodaVincispringstomind.Orthepioneerofthetelephone,AlexanderGrahamBell.Butyoumightbehard-pressedtonamemanyfemaleinventors,eventhoughwomenarebehindsomeofthemostwidelyusedtechnologiesinthemodernworld.Forexample,wherewouldwebewithoutthewindscreenwiper?Backonafreezingwinter’sdayin1902,MaryAndersonwastravelingbytramthroughNewYorkcity.Snowwasfalling,forcingthedrivertostoprepeatedlyandgetouttoclearit.Eachtimethedooropened,Marysuffered.Shehadabrainwave:whynotmakesomethingthatcouldbeoperatedfrominsidethevehicle?Andthat’sexactlywhatshedid.Let’sstepinfromfreezingNewYorkforournextinvention.Thedishwasherdatesbackevenearliertothe19thCentury,andtothedinnerpartiesthrownby19\naladycalledJosephineCochrane.Asafrequenthost,shewantedamachinethatcouldwashdishesfasterthanpeople.Herresponsewastodevelopwhatwastobecomethefirstcommerciallysuccessfuldishwasher.Needsomethingtodowhilethedishwasherison?HowaboutaroundofMonopoly（强手棋游戏）?Oneofthemostpopularboardgamesaround,theruleswerefirstdrawnupbyaladycalledElizabethMagie,andpatentedin1904.Toanaltogetherdifferentkindofinnovation:Kevlaristhelightweightfibreusedinbulletproof（防弹）vests.Thematerialisusedbymillionseverydayandhassavedcountlesslivesandisstrength-lo-weightratioisfivetimeshigherthansteel.Finally,oneofthemostimportantinventionsofthe20thCenturymustsurelybethecomputerprogramme.Theworldofprogrammingisunbalancedamongmenandwomen,withmentakinghomearound30%morepaythantheirfemalepartnersonaverage.Butbackinthe1940sand50s,womenwereattheforefrontofthisnewfieldandGraceHopperwasoneofthem.24.Whatdoweknowabouttheinventionsmentionedinthetext?A.Theyweremostlymadeinthe20thcentury.B.Theyallusedhightechnology.C.Theirinventorscamefromfamiliesofgoodeducation.D.Theywereallmadebyaccident.25.WhydidMaryAndersoninventwindscreenwiper?A.Thewinterwasextremelycoldthere.B.Shewasforcedtoclearthesnowbyothers.C.Thecarshedrovemadehersufferagreatdeal.D.Shewassickofthedrivergettingouttoclearthewindow.26.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisWRONGaccordingtothetext?A.JosephineCochranewantedamachinethatoperatedautomatically.B.ThegameinventedbyMagiewaspopularmerelyamongteenagers.C.Kevlaristhesupertoughfibreandstrongerthansteel.D.GraceHopperwasgoodatcomputerprogramming.19\n27.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.WomencanbeGreatInventorsB.TheMostUsefulInventionsbyWomenC.TheMostWidelyUsedTechnologiesD.WomenMadeGreaterContributionsthanMen【答案】24.A25.D26.B27.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。计算机程序设计应该是个男性工作的领域，仅从目前的从业人数来看，男性程序员的人数超过女性从业人数，但曾经一度不是这样的。本文就为读者介绍了一些由女性发明的日用品。24.细节理解题。由第二段的“Backonafreezingwinter’sdayin1902”和第四段的“Thedishwasherdatesbackevenearliertothe19thCentury”；第五段的“Oneofthemostpopularboardgamesaround,theruleswerefirstdrawnupbyaladycalledElizabethMagie,andpatentedin1904.以及最后一段的“Finally,oneofthemostimportantinventionsofthe20thCenturymustsurelybethecomputerprogramme.”可知，文章中提到的发明大部分是20世纪发明的。故选A。25.细节理解题。由第二段的“Eachtimethedooropened,Marysuffered.Shehadabrainwave:whynotmakesomethingthatcouldbeoperatedfrominsidethevehicle?Andthat’sexactlywhatshedid.”可知，每次司机开门下去擦玻璃，MaryAnderson都挺受苦，这导致她产生了一个想法：为什么不制造一些可以在车内操作的东西呢？于是她发明了雨刷。故选D。26.细节理解题。由第四段的“Oneofthemostpopularboardgamesaround,theruleswerefirstdrawnupbyaladycalledElizabethMagie,andpatentedin1904.”可知，最受欢迎的棋盘游戏之一，最初是由一位名叫ElizabethMagie的女士起草的，并于1904年获得专利，但并没有说仅受青少年的欢迎。因此推断B项Magie发明的游戏仅受青少年欢迎是错误的。故选B。27.标题判断题。纵观全文可知，第一段是主题段，由“Butyoumightbehard-pressedtonamemanyfemaleinventors,eventhoughwomenarebehindsomeofthemostwidelyusedtechnologiesinthemodernworld.”并结合下文的举例可推断，文章主要讲述了一些由女性发明的日用品。因此推断A项“女性可以成为伟大的发明家19\n”为最佳标题。故选A。CGrown-upsareoftensurprisedbyhowwelltheyremembersomethingtheylearnedaschildrenbuthaveneverpracticedeversince.Amanwhohasnothadachancetogoswimmingforyearscanstillswimaswellaseverwhenhegetsbackinthewater.Hecangetonabicycleaftermanyyearsandstillrideaway.Hecanplaycatchandhitaballaswellashisson.Amotherwhohasnotthoughtaboutthewordsforyearscanteachherdaughterthepoemthatbegins“Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar”orrememberthestoryofCinderellaorGoldilocksandtheThreeBears.Oneexplanationisthelawofoverlearning,whichcanbestatedasfollows:Oncewehavelearnedsomething,additionallearningtrialswillhelpstrengthentherelatedknowledgeandskills.Inchildhoodweusuallycontinuetopracticesuchskillsasswimming,bicycleriding,andplayingbaseballlongafterwehavelearnedthem.Wecontinuetolistentoandremindourselvesofwordssuchas“Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar”andchildhoodtalessuchasCinderellaandGoldilocks.Wenotonlylearnbutoverlearn.Themultiplicationtables(乘法口诀表)arealsoanexceptiontothegeneralrulethatweforgetratherquicklythethingsthatwelearninschool,becausetheyareanotherofthethingsweoverlearninchildhood.Thelawofoverlearningexplainswhycrammingforanexamination,thoughitmayresultinapassinggrade,isnotasatisfactorywaytolearnacollegecourse.Bycramming,astudentmaylearnthesubjectwellenoughtogetbyontheexamination,butheislikelysoontoforgetalmosteverythinghelearned.Alittleoverlearning,ontheotherhand,isreallynecessaryforone’sfuturedevelopment.28.What’sthemainideaofParagraph1?A.Peoplerememberwellwhattheylearnedinchildhood.B.Childrenhaveabettermemorythangrown-ups.C.Poemreadingisagoodwaytolearnwords.D.Storiesforchildrenareeasytoremember.29.Theauthorexplainsthelawofoverlearningby_______.19\nA.presentingresearchfindingsB.analysingstatisticsC.makingacomparisonD.usingexamples30.Accordingtotheauthor,beingabletousemultiplicationtablesis_______.A.aresultofoverlearningB.aspecialcaseofcrammingC.askilltodealwithmathproblemsD.abasicsteptowardsadvancedstudies31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cramming”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Awaywhichleadstofailureincollegeexams.B.Astudymethodonlyhelpfulinalimitedway.C.Awaythatwillresultingoodmemory.D.Anapproachtoincreasingstudents’learninginterest.【答案】28.A29.D30.A31.B【解析】28.段落大意题。第一段主要讲述大人们在儿时学会的东西，即使多年不复习还是可以记得很清楚。故选A，人们在儿时学习的知识记得很好。29.推理判断题。作者在解释超量学习法则的时候，运用了乘法口诀和考试前突击学习的例子。故选D，举例。30.细节理解题。根据becausetheyareanotherofthethingsweoverlearninchildhood.“因为这是我们儿时超量学习的另一个结果。”故选A，超量学习的而结果。31.词义猜测题。最后一段解释考试之前的突击学习。Bycramming,astudentmaylearnthesubject wellenoughtogetbyontheexamination,butheislikelysoontoforgetalmosteverythinghelearned.“通过突击学习，学生可以通过考试，但是很快就会忘记所学。”可知，这种方式仅适用于考前，突击学习在限定的方式下有用。由此推知划线词的意思是“一种只在有限的范围内有用的学习方法”。故选B。DDriverlesscarsarethebest-knownexampleofhowartificialintelligenceisinfluencingdailylifeinChina,accordingtoanewreportonsocialattitudestowardAItechnologythatwasreleasedatFudanUniversityonMay17.Basedontheresponsesof625questionnairesmadebyFudanUniversity’s19\nNationalCenterforCulturalInnovationResearchandthecommunicationanddatasciencelaboratory,thereportstatesthatnearly90percentoftherespondentsarefamiliarwithdriverlesscars,withover67,percenthavingaccesstobothpositiveandnegativeinformationoncars.About62percentoftherespondentssaidtheywerewillingtorideindriverlesscars.Meanwhile,around47percentweresupportiveofunmannedvehicleroadtestsinthecountry.However,morethan30percentoftherespondentsexpressedtheirconcernsaboutthesafetyofdriverlesscars.Ifpersonalinjuriesorpropertylossaresufferedintheeventofanaccident,80.5percentoftherespondentssaidthatthedesignersoftheAIproductsshouldbearlegalresponsibilitywhile55.5percentsaidthatvehicleusersshouldalsoshouldertheblame.Smartcarswithpartialorfullyautonomousfunctionsareexpectedtoaccountfor50percentofnewvehiclessoldinChinaby2022.AccordingtotheblueprintreleasedbytheNationalDevelopmentandReformCommissioninJanuary,thecountryisaimingtobecomeaglobalpowerinsmart-cardevelopmentandproductionby2035.“Onecannotignoretherisksandethicsissuesbroughtupbyartificialintelligencetechnology,”saidSunShaojing,directoroftheCommunicationandDataScienceLaboratoryoftheNationalCenterforCulturalInnovationResearchatFudanUniversity,“Policiesshouldbestrengthenedtoensureabalanceddevelopmentofethicsandscience,especiallyforsomefast-growingapplicationslikedriverlesscars.”32.Whatdoweknowabouttheresponsesof625questionnaires?A.Morethanhalfofthepeoplesurveyedwerewillingtorideindriverlesscars.B.Nearly90%knewbothpositiveandnegativeinformationoncars.C.Unmannedvehicleroadtestswerehardlysupportedinthecountry.D.Fewpeoplewereconcernedaboutthesafetyofdriverlesscars.33.Whoshouldtakeresponsibilityifanaccidenthappenedtoadriverlesscar?A.ThedesignersoftheAIproducts.B.BothAIproductsdesignersandvehicleusers.C.Policymakerswhoregulatetheuseofdriverlesscars.19\nD.Ithasn’tbeendecidedyet.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“autonomous”inParagraph4probablymean?A.high-techB.advancedC.self-directedD.useful35.WhatdoSunShaojing’swordssuggestinthelastparagraph?A.Weshouldmainlyfocusonthebenefitthatdriverlesscarsbringtous.B.Effectivepoliciesandrulesareneededwithappliancesfastgrowing.C.RisksandethicsissuesbroughtupbyAIcannotbeavoided.D.DriverlesscarsplayasignificantroleinAItechnology.【答案】32.A33.D34.C35.B【解析】这是一篇议论文。复旦大学发布了的一份关于人们对于人工智能的态度的新报告，根据这份问卷，大部分人对与无人驾驶汽车持支持的态度，中国的目标是到2035年成为智能汽车开发和生产的全球强国。32.细节理解题。由第二段的“About62percentoftherespondentssaidtheywerewillingtorideindriverlesscars.”可知，一般以上的人受访者表示，他们愿意乘坐无人驾驶汽车。故选A。33.细节理解题。由第三段的内容可知，无人驾驶汽车如果发生事故造成人身伤害或财产损失，80.5%的受访者认为人工智能产品的设计者应承担法律责任，55.5%的受访者认为汽车使用者也应承担责任。因此推断还没有决定谁为无人驾驶汽车造成的事故负责。故选D。34.词句猜测题。由下文“...thecountryisaimingtobecomeaglobalpowerinsmart-cardevelopmentandproductionby2035”可知，到2035年，中国的目标是到2035年成为智能汽车发展和生产的全球强国。因此可知，上文提到的是智能汽车，即无人驾驶汽车，按照常理推断无人驾驶汽车应是部分或者完全自动的。Autonomous指“自动的”，故选C。35.推理判断题。由最后一段的孙绍静的话“Onecannotignoretherisksandethicsissuesbroughtupbyartificialintelligencetechnology,”和“Policiesshouldbestrengthenedtoensureabalanceddevelopmentofethicsandscience,especiallyforsomefast-growingapplicationslikedriverlesscars.”可知，孙认为人们不能忽视人工智能技术带来的风险和伦理问题，政策应该得到加强，以确保道德和科学的平衡发展，特别是一些如无人驾驶汽车的这样快速增长的应用。因此推断他认为随着应用的快速增长，需要有效的政策和规则。故选B。19\n第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Manyofusdealwiththerusheverymorninginpreparationforworkorschool,butitdoesn'thavetobethisway.Withalittletimemanagement,thesestepscanhelpyoucutdownonyourmorningstress.Createaneveningpreparationroutine.___36___Thesesimpletaskswilltakeyoulessthan30minutestocompleteeacheveningandwillsaveyouahugeheadacheeverymorning.Getagoodnight'ssleep.Makesureyoustartwindingdownforbedatareasonablehourtoallowenoughtimeforahealthynight'ssleep.___37___Ifneeded,setabedtimereminderalarmonyouralarmclock.Alwayskeepthetemperatureinyourbedroomcomfortablycool.___38___Anextra30minutesinthemorningwillmakeadifference.Aslongasyougotobedontime,wakingup30minutesearliershouldseemnaturalafterjustafewdays.Usethistimetothink,showerandeatbreakfast.Planarealisticday.Writingthingsdownmeansyoudon'thavetoworryaboutforgettingtodothem.___39___Writedownanythingthatcannotbeputofftothefollowingday.___40___Gettinguptofaceanewdayisfarmoresatisfyingwhenyouhavesomethingtolookforwardto.Makesureyoumanageyourtimebettersothatyouhavetimetodosomethingyouloveonadailybasis.A.Morningstressisverycommon.B.Schedulesomethingyoulovedaily.C.Neverfillyourmindwithunnecessaryworries.D.Makeasummaryofwhatyoudidinthedaytime.E.Wakeup30minutesearlier.F.Ironyourclothes,locateyourkeys,plananutritiousbreakfast,etc.19\nG.Mostpeoplerequireseventoeighthours'sleepeachnight.【答案】36.F37.G38.E39.C40.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何摆脱掉早起造成的慌忙压力。36.本段的主旨是Createaneveningpreparationroutine（形成夜晚做准备的规则），而熨衣服，放好钥匙，准备营养早餐等具体描述符合语境，故选F。37.根据前文＂Mostpeoplerequirebetweensevenandeighthours’sleepeachnight.Ifneeded,setabedtimereminderalarmonyouralarmclock.＂（大部分人需要7-8小时的睡眠，如果需要设定个闹钟）与G确保你睡眠时凉爽舒适形成语义上的并列，故选G。38.根据Wakeup30minutesearlier（起床早30分钟）与E利用这些时间思考，沐浴和吃早餐符合逻辑，故选E。39.根据Planarealisticday（安排较实际的一天），而C不要用那些不必要的忧虑填满你的脑袋符合逻辑，故选C。40.根据youhavetimetodosomethingyouloveonadailybasis.（做一些你日常喜欢做的事情）与B安排你喜欢做的事情具体描述符合语境，故选B。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Onemonthago,mydaughterstartedkindergarten.Asusual,Iwishedhersuccess.Iwastellingalie.WhatIactuallywishforheris____41____.Ibelieveinthepoweroffailure.Successis____42____inasense.Successisprovingthatyoucandosomethingthatyoualreadyknowyoucando,ordoingsomethingcorrectlythefirsttime,whichcan____43____beaproblematicvictory.First-timesuccessisusuallyafluke(侥幸).First-timefailure,___44___,isexpected;itisthenaturalorderofthings.Failureishowwelearn.IhavebeentoldofanAfricanphrase____45____agoodcookas“shewhohasbrokenmanypots”.Ifyouhavespentenoughtimeinthe19\n____46____tohavebrokenalotofpots,probablyyouknowafairamountabout____47____.Ioncehadalatedinnerwithagroupofchefs,andtheyspenttime___48___knifewoundsandburnscars.Theyknewhowmuchcredibility(可信度)their____49____gavethem.Iearnmy____50____bywritingadailynewspapercolumn.EachweekIam____51____thatonecolumnisgoingtobetheworstcolumnoftheweek.Idon’tjustsetouttowriteit;Itrymybesteveryday.____52____,everyweek,onecolumnisinferior(较差的)totheothers,sometimesextremelyso.Ihavelearnedto____53____thatcolumn.AsuccessfulcolumnusuallymeansthatIamtreading(踏)on____54____ground,goingwithtricksthatwork,ordressinguppopularideasinfancywords.Ofteninmyinferiorcolumns,Iamtryingto____55____somethingI’veneverdonebefore,somethingthatI’mnotevensurecanbedone.Mydaughterisaperfectionist.Shewillfeelherfailures,andIwillwantto____56____her.ButIwillalso,Ihope,____57____herofwhatshelearned,andhowshecando____58____nexttime.Iprobablywon’ttellherthatfailureisagoodthing,becausethat’snota(n)____59____youcanlearnwhenyou’refive.IhopeIcantellher,though,thatit’snottheendoftheworld.Indeed,withluck,itisthe____60____.41.A.successB.failureC.victoryD.sacrifice42.A.demandingB.worthwhileC.correctD.boring43.A.oftenB.rarelyC.alwaysD.hardly44.A.inadditionB.onpurposeC.bycontrastD.indemand45.A.denyingB.describingC.pointingD.predicting46.A.dormitoryB.yardC.kitchenD.field19\n47.A.gardeningB.trainingC.displayingD.cooking48.A.comparingB.makingC.learningD.curing49.A.woundsB.failuresC.scarsD.strengths50.A.livingB.supportC.skillD.similarity51.A.ambitiousB.gratefulC.confidentD.aware52.A.MoreoverB.StillC.OtherwiseD.Therefore53.A.adaptB.updateC.cherishD.review54.A.accessibleB.similarC.sensitiveD.familiar55.A.getthroughB.figureoutC.commentonD.takein56.A.amuseB.comfortC.scoldD.reward57.A.warnB.cheatC.remindD.suspect58.A.betterB.luckierC.worseD.less59.A.experienceB.trickC.lessonD.truth60.A.processB.destinationC.endingD.beginning【答案】41.B42.D43.A44.C45.B46.C47.D48.A49.B50.A51.D52.B53.C54.D55.A56.B57.C58.A59.C60.D【解析】作者的孙女上幼儿园了，作者在希望她一切顺利和成功的同时，用自己的经历告诉我们，他也希望孙女经历失败。因为有了失败，人才能进步，失败能让我们进入一个崭新的世界。失败未必是件坏事，它会让我们成长，学到更多东西。41.考查名词。 A.success成功；B.failure失败；C.victory胜利；D.sacrifice牺牲。“我”实际上是希望她遭受失败 。下文的“我相信失败的力量”是线索提示，故选B。19\n42.考查形容词。A.demanding要求高的；B.worthwhile值得的；C.correct正确的;；D.boring令人厌烦的。下文表达的是：成功只是证明你能够做你已经知道自己会做的事情，或是第一次就能正确地做某件事情，而这通常是一次有问题的成功。第一次的成功通常都是侥幸的成功。从这些叙述可以看出，作者不是在肯定成功的价值，所以选“枯燥的，故选D。43.考查副词。A.often经常；B.rarely很少地；C.always总是；D.hardly几乎不。成功只是证明你能够做你已经知道自己会做的事情，或是第一次就能正确地做某件事情，而这通常是一次有问题的成功。第一次的成功通常都是侥幸的成功。故选A。44.考查词组。A.inaddition另外；B.onpurpose有目的的；C.bycontrast通过对比；D.indemand需要。第一次的成功通常都是侥幸的成功，相比之下，,第一次失败就是预料之中的事，故选C。45.考查动词。A.denying否认；B.describing描述；C.pointing指向；D.predicting预测。我听说过一个在非洲用来形容大厨的词语。故选B。46.考查名词。A.dormitory宿舍；B.yard院子；C.kitchen厨房；D.field田野。如果你花了足够时间在厨房，炒坏了无数锅，那你也就掌握了大量烹饪方面的知识。故选C。47.考查名词。A.gardening园艺；B.training训练；C.displaying展示；D.cooking烹饪。如果你花了足够时间在厨房，炒坏了无数锅，那你也就掌握了大量烹饪方面的知识。Cook是线索，故选D。48.考查动词。A.comparing比较；B.making制造；C.learning学习；D.curing治愈。有次我和厨师们共进晚餐，他们一直在比较刀伤和烫伤疤痕的多少，故选A。49.考查名词。A.wounds伤口；B. failures失败；C.scars疤痕；D.strengths优势。因为他们知道曾经的失败带来了无上的信誉。故选B。50.考查名词。A.living生活；B.support支持；C.skill技能；D.similarity相似。我以为日报专栏写作谋生。makeone’sliving谋生，故选A。51.考查形容词。A.ambitious有雄心的；B.grateful感激的；C.confident 自信的；D.aware有意识的。每周我都会意识到会有其中一个成为本周最差专栏。故选D。52.考查副词。A.Moreover此外；B.Still仍然；C.Otherwise否则；D.Therefore因此。每周都还是会有一个专栏比其他的差，有时候差距还挺大。故选B。53.考查动词。A.adapt适应；B.update更新；C.cherish珍爱；D.review回顾。作者学会了“珍视”那个栏目。故选C。19\n54.考查形容词。A.accessible可以进入的；B.similar相似的；C.sensitive敏感的；D.familiar熟悉的。一篇成功的专栏文章需要作者站在熟悉的立场上运用有效的写作技巧，或者华丽的辞藻来修饰大众化的观点。故选D。55.考查动词词组。A.getthrough度过，完成；B.figureout明白，弄清楚；C.commenton评论；D.takein吸收，理解。我时常会去尝试一些之前没做过的事情，一些甚至都不确定能否完成的事情。故选A。56.考查动词。A.amuse使娱乐；B.comfort使舒适；C.scold责备；D.reward奖赏。她会体会到失败，所以作者会去安慰她。故选B。57.考查动词。warn警告；B.cheat欺骗；C.remind提醒；D.suspect怀疑。作者也会提醒她从中学到的知识以及下次如何能做的更好。remindsb.ofsth提醒某人某事，故选C。58.考查形容词比较级。A.better；B.luckier更幸运；C.worse更差；D.less更少。作者也会提醒她从中学到的知识以及下次如何能做的更好。故选A。59.考查名词。A.experience经历，体验；B.trick诡计；C.lesson教训；D.truth真理。learnalesson吸取教训。故选C。60.考查名词。Aprocess过程；B.destination目的地；Cending结尾；D.beginning开始。与前面的nottheend呼应，表示“失败是一个崭新的开始”。故选D。第II卷第三部分英语知识运用第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Cloningisawayof___61___(make)anexactcopyofanotheranimalandplant.___62___hastwomajoruses.Oneis___63___gardenersuseittoproducecommercialquantitiesofplants.The___64___isthatitisvaluableforresearchonnewspeciesandformedicalresearchonanimals.___65___,theprocessofcloningisdifficulttoundertake.Manyattemptstoclonemammalsfailed.Thefirstsuccessfulclone,Dollythesheep,madethewhole___66___(science)worldfollowitsprocess,thoughithad___67___problemsthanthenormalsheep.Ontheotherhand,Dolly’sappearance19\n___68___(raise)astormofobjectionsandhadagreatimpact___69___themediaandpublicimagination.Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsofit.However,scientistsstillwonderwhethercloningwillhelp___70___harmusandwhereitisleadingus.【答案】61.making62.It63.that64.other65.However66.scientific67.more68.raised69.on70.or【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了克隆技术的产生与应用。61.考查非谓语动词。awayof+v-ing做某事的方式。句意：克隆是一种完全复制另一个动物或植物的方法。故填making。62.考查代词。这里指代前句中的cloning，故用代词it。句意：它有两个主要用途。故填It。63.考查名词性从句。从句时完整的陈述句，故用that引导从句。句意：一种是园丁用它来生产大批量有商业价值的作物。故填that。64.考查代词。根据前句one，可知用theother，表示“一个，…..另一个……”。句意：另一个是对新物种的研究具有一定的参考价值。故填other。65.考查副词。根据前后句逻辑这里为转折关系。句意：然而，克隆的过程很难进行。故填However。66.考查形容词。修饰名词world，前有形容词形式。句意：使整个科学世界遵循其过程。故填scientific。67.考查短语。这里考查短语more…than…比……更多。句意：尽管它比正常的羊有更多的问题。故填more。68.考查时态。根据该句时态可知用一般过去时。句意：另一方面，多利的出生引起了一阵强烈的反对。故填raised。69.考查短语。短语hadagreatimpacton对……有很大的影响。句意：对媒体和公众的想象力也产生了巨大的影响。70.考查短语。短语whether…or….是......还是.......。句意：科学家们仍在不知道克隆是否会帮助我们还是伤害我们。故填or。19\n第四部分写作（共两节满分35）第一节短文改错（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Iamthesharedbike.I’dliketobeonthestreettoserveforpeople.Theycanridemejustviaamobileapp.Buthorriblethingshappenafewdaysago.Severalpeoplestolesomeofuswithpayingtheirbillsontheappbuttreatedusbadly.Theybrokemysaddleandeventhrewmyfriendseverywhere.Wefeltangryforwhichthosebadguyshaddone.Thankstosomekindlypeople,wereceivedcareful“treatment”.Now,youhelpaswellasthewholesociety’sattentioniswhatweneedmost.Wearedesignedtohelppeoplewhoarestucktheheavytraffic.Weareneithertoynorprivatevehicles.Pleaseobeythebasicrules.【答案】Iamthesharedbike.I’dliketobeonthestreettoserveforpeople.Theycanridemeajustviaamobileapp.Buthorriblethingshappenafewdaysago.Severalpeoplestolehappenedsomeofuswithpayingtheirbillsontheappbuttreatedusbadly.Theybrokemysaddlewithoutandandeventhrewmyfriendseverywhere.Wefeltangryforwhichthosebadguyshad19\ndone.whatThankstosomekindlypeople,wereceivedcareful“treatment”.Now,youhelpaswellaskindyourthewholesociety’sattentioniswhatweneedmost.Wearedesignedtohelppeoplewhoarestucktheheavytraffic.Weareneithertoynorprivatevehicles.Pleaseobeytheinbytoysbasicrules.【解析】本文是共享单车的自述，解释了共享单车受到的不公平待遇，希望人们善待共享单车。1.第一句：the改为a.考查冠词。bike是可数名词单数，此处表示一辆共享单车，故the改为a。2.第二句：去掉for.考查动词。句中动词serve是及物动词，后面直接加宾语，不用加介词。故去掉for。3.第四句：happen改为happened.考查动词时态。根据时间状语afewdaysago可知用一般过去时，故happen改为happened。4.第五句：with改为without.考查介词。此处指有的人不在应用上付款偷走了一些单车，表示没有付款，故with改为without。5.第五句：but改为and.考查连词。此处指有些人不付款偷走单车，还对我们不好。前后句是并列关系，不是转折。故but改为and。6.第七句：which改为what.考查宾语从句。此处指对那些坏家伙所做的事感到生气，表示做的事用what引导宾语从句，故which改为what。7.第八句：kindly改为kind.考查形容词。此处修饰名词people用形容词，故kindly改为kind。8.第九句：you改为your.考查物主代词。此处修饰名词help用形容词性物主代词，指你的帮助，故you改为your。9.第十句：stuck后加in或by.考查介词。此处指被交通堵住，或是在交通阻塞中堵住，故stuck后加in或by。19\n10.第十一句：toy改为toys.考查名词。和句中主语和动词Weare一致，名词也用复数。故toy改为toys。第二节书面表达（满分25分）假设你是李华，在一所国际中学就读，你决定参加校学生会（theStudents’Union）主席的竞选。现请你用英语准备一份竞选演讲稿，内容包括：1.自我介绍（性格和爱好等）；2.当选之后的举措（至少列举两点）。要求：（1）演讲稿的开头和结尾已为你写好（不计入总词数）；（2）文中不得出现真实的校名和人名；（3）字数100词左右。Goodafternoon,everyone!Thankyouforgivingmethisopportunity.Nowletmeintroducemyself._____________________________________________________________________________________Thanksforyourattention!【答案】Goodafternoon,everyone!Thankyouforgivingmethisopportunity.Nowletmeintroducemyself.I’mLiHuafromChina.I’measy-goingandwarmhearted,whichmakeiteasyformetomakenewfriends.Energeticandresponsible,Iamcaptainofourschoolfootballteam.ReadingiswhatIrealllove,bothforfunandknowledge.IfI’mluckyenoughtobechosenaschairmanoftheStudents’Union.Iwillsparenoefforttoliveuptoyourexpectations.Morecolorfulafterschoolactivitieswillbeorganized,whichwilldefinitelyreducepressureandandenrichourschoollife.Consideringwearestudyinginaninternationalmiddleschool,communicationshouldbegivenpriority.Soaninternationalclub,wheremyfellowstudentscanbeexposedtodiversecultures,willbesetup,thusenhancingtheunderstandingbetweenthestudentsfromdifferentcountries.Thanksforyourattention!19
