甘肃省天水市秦安县2022届高三第一次模拟考试英语试题第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑．AAsurewaytodestroyyourchancesoflearninghowtowriteskillfullyistobelievethatwritingisa“naturalgift”ratherthanalearnedskill.Peoplewithsuchanattitudethinkthattheyaretheonlyonesforwhomwritingisunbearablydifficult.Theyfeelthateveryoneelsefindswritingeasyoratleasttolerable.Suchpeopleoftensay,“I’mnotanygoodatwriting”or“Englishwasnotoneofmygoodsubjects.”Theyimplythattheysimplydonothaveatalentforwritingwhileothersdo.Theresultofthisattitudeisthatthesepeopletrytoavoidwriting,andwhentheydowrite,theydon’ttrytheirbest.Theirwritingfailschieflybecausetheybelievethattheydon’thavethe“naturaltalent”neededtowrite.Unlesstheirattitudechanges,theyprobablywillnotlearnhowtowriteeffectively.Arealisticattitudeaboutwritingmustbuildontheideathatwritingisaskill.Itisaskilllikedriving,typing,orcooking;and,likeanyskill,itcanbelearned.Ifyouhavethedeterminationtolearn,youwilldevelopyourwritingskillsbypracticingextensively.Manypeoplefinditdifficulttodotheactivethinkingthatclearwritingdemands.Itisfrustratingtodiscoverhowmuchofachallengeitistotransferthoughtsandfeelingsfromone’sheadontoasheetofpaper.Butwritingisnotanautomaticprocess:Wewillnotgetsomethingfornothing—andweshouldnotexpectto.Foralmosteveryone,skillfulwritingcomesfromhardwork—fromdeterminationandsweat.Thegoodnewsisthattheskillofwritingcanbemastered,andifyouarereadytowork,youwilllearnwhatyouneedtoknow.1.Whydosomepeoplethinkwritingisdifficult?A.Theyhavenotimetopracticewriting.B.Theybelievefewpeoplecanwritewell.C.Theyhavenogoodteacherstohelpthem.D.Theydon’tthinkwritingcanbelearned.2.ItcanbeinferredfromPara.1that______.A.“naturalgift”isthedeterminingfactorinone’ssuccessB.diligencecanresultinsuccessC.apersonwithout“naturalgift”issuretofailinwritingD.attitudedetermineswhatonewillbe3.Whatisthetopicofthepassage?A.Whywritingisimportant.B.Whetherwritingisaborngift.C.Benefitsofessaywriting.D.Howtoimprovewritingskills.BBesidescontainingattractiveflowers,treesandotherplantsthatbeautifythecommunity,ecofriendlyraingardensarehealthyfortheenvironmentandthepeoplelivingandworkingnearby.Araingardenisnotverydifferentfromatraditionalgarden.Itisjustafar-8-\nmoreecofriendlygarden.Usuallyitisbuiltlowerthantheground.Raingardensmakesmartuseofrainandstormwaterbytemporarilyholdingwaterfromrainandstormsandlettingitsoak(浸入)slowlyintothegroundbeforeitrunsintostreamsorentersthepublicdrinkingwatersupply.Thus,araingardenkeepsthewater,allowingittobeusedasneededbyplantsintheraingarden,ratherthanflowingimmediatelyintonearbystreamsandgoingunused.Thewaterwillsoakslowlyintothegroundwithinadayortwo.Thiscreatesanadvantagethattheraingardendoesnotallowmosquitoestobreed.Thisisasimple,attractive,andecofriendly“green”waytotreatstormwater.What’smore,plantingaraingardenhelpsreducepollutionandimprovetheenvironment.Withoutusingexpensivemachineryandchemicals,raingardensremoveharmfulchemicalsintherainwaterandcutdownontheamountofpollutionreachingstreamsandriversbyupto30%.Nativeplantsarerecommendedforraingardensbecausetheyaremoreusedtothelocalclimate,soil,andwaterconditions.Theymayattractlocalwildlifesuchasnativebirds.Wateryourraingardenimmediatelyafterplantingandonceaweek,unlessyouhavehadatleastaninchofrainduringtheweek.Oncenativeplantsestablishthenecessaryrootsystem,theywillrequirelittlecare.Often,localgovernmentsandprivatebusinessesdeveloplargeraingardensintheiryardsandinpublicparksasawaytoimprovetheenvironmentandsolvefloodingproblems.However,youdon’tneedtobeaprofessionallyenvironmentalengineertocreatearaingarden.Aslongasyou’reecoconscioushomeowners,youcanhelptheenvironmentbybuildingsmallerraingardensinyouryards.4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueforthefunctionofraingardens?A.Theyaregoodforlivingconditions.B.Theyincreasepollution.C.Theycanbeautifythecommunity.D.Theyimprovetheenvironment.5.WhichofthefollowingistheecofriendlyfunctionofraingardensdiscussedinParagraph4?A.Theycanhelpreducethepollutionproblem.B.Theycankeeptherainandstormwater.C.Theycanbehealthyforthepeoplearound.D.Theycanmaketheenvironmentmorebeautiful.6.Oneofthemainreasonswhynativeplantsarerecommendedisthat.A.theycostlessandaremucheasiertogetB.theymayattractlocalwildlifetocomeC.theyrequirelittlecarefromthelocalgardenerD.theyaremoreusedtothelocalgrowingconditions7.Whatdoweknowaboutraingardens?A.Theyneedlittlewaterafteralltheplantsareplanted.B.Theymayattractlocalbirdsandchangethelocalclimate.C.Theyusuallyneedatleastaninchofrainwateraweek.D.Theymayreducethewaterpollutionproblemby70%.C ItwasreportedlastweekthatdeveloperscouldtakephotosfromApplemobileandGoogleAndroiddeviceswithoutthephoneownersknowingthattheimageswerebeingtaken.InApple’scase,developerscanalsoobtainthelocationinformationforeachphoto.-8-\nSenator(参议员)CharlesSchumersaidinatelephoneinterviewthathisofficehadspokenwithofficialsatbothAppleandGoogleonMonday.“WeaskedthemiftheycouldfindawayontheirowntopreventApplefromhavingaccesstoprivateinformation,”Mr.Schumersaid.“Theywerefriendlyandopentotheideathatthisoughttobechanged.”OnSunday,Mr.SchumersaidthatheplannedtosendalettertotheFederalTradeCommissionaskingtheagencytoinvestigateAppleandGoogleaftertheprivacyconcernscametolight.ClaudiaBourneFarrell,anF.T.C.spokeswoman,saidtheagencyhadreceivedtheletterbutshecouldnotcommentfurther.“Itworriespeopletothinkthatone’spersonalphotos,addressbook,andwhoknowswhatelsecanbeobtainedandevenpostedonlinewithoutpermission,”Mr.SchumerwroteinhislettertotheF.T.C.“Ifthetechnologyexiststoopenthedoortothiskindofprivacyinvasion,thensurelytechnologyexiststocloseit,andthat’sexactlywhatmusthappen.”Mr.SchumersaidifAppleandGooglecouldnotcometoanagreementtofixtheproblem,thenhewouldbeforcedtotaketheissuefurther.Hesaidothercompanieshadbeenwillingtoworkwithhisofficetofixissues.“I’moptimisticthatwecangetthischangedwithoutanyregulation,”hesaid.“Ifit’snotchanged,thenwe’llturntotheF.T.C.,andifthatdoesn’tworkthenwe’llconsiderlegislativeapproach.”TheF.T.C.haswarnedcompaniestotrytobemorevigilant(警醒的)intheireffortstoprotectconsumerswhenitcomestoprivacy.8.ThesenatorsspokewithofficialsatbothAppleandGoogle_______.A.tourgethemnottoinvadeconsumers’privacy.B.todiscusswhetheritisillegaltohaveaccesstoprivateinformation.C.tostopthemfromdevelopingthetechnologyoftakingphotos.D.tokeepthemfromobtainingthelocationinformationforeachphoto.9.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTrue?A.PrivacyinvasionfromApplehasexistedforalongtime.B.Mr.SchumertakestheprivacyconcernscausedbyAppleandGoogleseriously.C.PrivacyinvasionfromGooglehasexistedforalongtime.D.AppleandGooglehavedecidedtomakeachange.10.Mr.Schumer’slettertotheF.T.C.mainlyshowsthatthetechnologytoopenthedoortoprivacyinvasion_______.A.causesprivacyinvasiontohappenfrequently. B.canbeusedifpermitted.C.causespeopletoworryaboutthesafetyoftheirpersonalinformation. D.causespersonalinformationtobepostedonlinewithoutpermission.11.Wherecanwereadaboutthepassage?A.Inanewspaper. B.Inamagazine. C.Inasciencereport. D.Inatextbook.DAsicklittlegirlisbeingkeptalivethankstoherbestfriend—adogwhocarriesheroxygentankonhisback.Alida’sfaithfuldogcompanionMrGibbshasbeenspeciallytrainedtoshepherdthethree-year-old,whobreathesthroughatubemostofthetime.Hefollowshercloselyassheplaysinherfamily’sten-acreland-8-\ninLouisville,usestheslideorevenridesherbike.Alidawasdiagnosedwithneuroendocrinehyperplasiaofinfancy（NEHI）whenshewasjusteightmonthsold.Herrareconditionhasjusteighthundreddocumentedsufferersthroughouttheworld,andcausesdiseasedpiecesofthelungstofilteroxygenthroughextralayersofcells,makingithardoralmostimpossibletobreathe.ForAlidaandherparents,itmeantthatevenawalkintheparkwasverydifficultbecauseoxygenequipmentwastooheavyfortheyoungstertobeabletocarryherself.Asparents,theywantedtodosomethingtohelptheirdaughtersurvivedespitehavingatubefollowingherallthetime.Thecouplefoundoutabout“servicedogs”fromaTVprogramandrealizedananimaltrainedtohelptheblindcouldbetrainedtohelpAlida.Theyfinallyfoundhelpintheshapeofgoldendoodle—aretrievercrossedwithapoodle-dogMrGibbs.NowthankstotrainerAshleighKinsley—AlidaandMrGibbslovenothingmorethanplayingandrunningaroundtogetherwiththedogactingasAlida’slifesaver.12.WhatisMrGibbs?A.Apetdog.B.Apoliceman.C.Adoctor.D.Afirefighter.13.WhendidthedoctorknowAlidacaughtthedisease?A.Atherbirth.B.Attheageofeight.C.Beforeshewasoneyearold.D.Whenshewasthreeyearsold.14.Theunderlinedpart“thecouple”inparagraph3refersto_______.A.Alida’sclassmatesB.Alida’sparentsC.Alida’sdoctorsD.Alida’spets15.HowdidAlidakeepalive?A.Bytrainingherdog.B.Bystayingwithherparents.C.Byplayingwithherfellows.D.Bybreathingthroughatube.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Houseworknotgoodexercise,saysstudy16Itevensaidthatpeoplewhodidthemosthouseworkwereusuallythemostoverweight.17Thecontributionofdomesticphysicalactivitytomeetingcurrentrecommendationsforhealth.Itquestionswhetheractivitieslikedo-it-yourself,gardeningandhouseworkaregoodexercise.18butthereisadangerthatpeopleincorrectlythinkhouseworkisproperexercise.Atotalof4,563adultstookasurveyabouttheirweeklyphysicalactivity.19ResearcherProfessorMurphysaidanyphysicalactivityshouldincreasetheamountofcaloriesburnt.20Shesaidhouseworkwas“inverselyrelatedtoleanness”.Shesaidthissuggestedthateitherpeopleoverestimatehowhardhouseworkwasanexercise,ortheyeattoomuchbecausetheythinktheyhavelostlotsofcaloriesdoinghouseholdchores.A.However,herstudyfoundtheopposite.-8-\nA.Peoplewhodohouseworkusuallyeatmore.B.Anewstudysayshouseworkisnotthequalityexercisemanypeoplethinkitis.C.Theresearchshowedthatpeoplewhoincludedhouseworkasexercisetendedtobeheavier.D.ThestudyiscalledDoes“doinghouseworkkeepyouhealthy”?E.Theythinkdoingexerciseisofgreatbenefittohealthy.F.Itsaysanyactivityisbetterthannone.第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）IthinkI’moneoftheluckiestpeopleintheworldbecauseofthetimeI’mabletospendwithyoungpeoplewhoarenotafraidtoshowtheirexcitementandzestforlife.21,Iwouldpreferapersonwithpassionandenthusiasmtoapersonwith22andtalentanydayoftheweek.Youcanteachanddevelopskills,23youcannotdevelopaloveoflifeandanoptimisticattitude.Theseare24ofapersonandappearatalltimesduringworkorplay.Furthermore,theyaretraitsthatoneisbornwithandtheywillnever25them.Asa26andanIndependentEducationandCareerPlanningAdvisor,I27toomanychildrenandyoungadultswhoareonaroadtodespairunlesssomeonecanfindawaytochangetheirattitudetowards28andindeedlifeitself!29,societyhasturnedouttoomanychildrenandyoungthatareunwillingtoputmuch30orthoughtintotheirwork.WheneverIcomeacrosssuchpeople—31orold,I’mremindedofaboywhowentwithhismotheronablueberrypickinghikeintothe32.Theboyfilledhis33mostlywithmoss(苔藓)andthencoveredthemosswithathinlayerofblueberriessothatitlooked34.Butthenextmorning,hefoundtheblueberrypiewhichhismother35forhimwasmoss.So36,whetheryouareinschoolor37,ifyouhaveenthusiasmandifyouare38toputinconsistenteffortalongwithpassion,youwillreceivethe39.If,ontheotherhand,youare40andprefertotakeshort-cuts,youshouldnotexpecttoachievethesameresults.21.A.ObviouslyB.PersonallyC.LuckilyD.Quickly22.A.skillsB.ideasC.kindnessD.courage23.A.orB.forC.butD.if24.A.choicesB.requestsC.appearancesD.characters25.A.useB.deserveC.loseD.cherish26.A.journalistB.doctorC.colleagueD.teacher27.A.searchforB.comeacrossC.careaboutD.dependon28.A.learningB.donatingC.speakingD.greeting29.A.EventuallyB.UnfortunatelyC.HopefullyD.Perfectly30.A.equipmentB.informationC.effortD.possession31.A.innocentB.youngC.poorD.stupid32.A.woodsB.cornerC.parkD.market-8-\n33.A.mouthB.panC.basketballD.hand34.A.deliciousB.beautifulC.cleanD.full35.A.collectedB.bakedC.keptD.bought36.A.promiseB.guessC.rememberD.look37.A.indangerB.indistanceC.inhospitalD.atwork38.A.willingB.confidentC.proudD.careful39.A.cropB.trustC.votesD.rewards40.A.lazyB.busyC.curiousD.stubborn第Ⅱ卷第二节（共10题；每小题1.5，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Thetruth41treesarevitaltoourlifeisnotasecret.Theyprovideuswithfood,woodandmost42(important),oxygen.Nowthereisonemorethingwecanaddtothislist—blockingoutharmfulbacteriafromwater.Thediscovery43(make)byateam44(consist)ofscientistsfromtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)andhighschoolstudents45wereseekinganaturalwaterfilter—onethatwouldhelpcommunitiesindevelopingcountriesthatdonothave46(accessible)tomodernwaterfiltersystems.The47(research),ledbyProfessorRohitKarnik,decidedtoturntotreesforhelpbecausetheycouldallowliquidtoflowthrough,whileblockingoutairbubbles.Theybeganbycutting1.5-inch-widesectionsoftreebarkfromthebranchesofawhitepinetree.Thepeoplerelatedthentestedthewood’sfilteringabilitybypouringwatercontainingreddyeparticlesofdifferentsizesthrough.48theiramazement,theyfoundthatitwaseffectiveintrappingallthearticles.49(encourage),theteamconducted50experiment,thistimewithwaterthatcontainedbacteria.Sureenough,thesapwoodheldback99%ofthebacteria,allowingonly1%toflowthrough.第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）请修改下面的短文。短文中共有10处语言错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏子符号（∧），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多着（从第11处起）不计分。InChina,peopleandgiantpandashadbeenlivingtogetherforthousandsofyears.ButChina’shumanpopulationhasbeengreatgrowing.Morepopulationmeansmorelandisneededforfarming.Italsomeanmoreforestsarecutforwoodtobuildandheathouses.Lossofhabitatinlowlandareashasforcedpandasliveonlyinthemountains.-8-\nThemostdamagedresultofdevelopmenthasbeenthatithasdividedthepanda’shabitatintolittleislandsofforest.Today,manypandaareisolatedinthesesmallsectionsofforest,becauseoftheywillcrossintoareaswhichpeoplelive.Theresultisthatthegiantpandascanconnectwithoneanothertomateandhavebabies.Besides,toourrelief,thereisstillsomegoodnewsthatpeoplearetryingtohelpthegiantpandasbycreatingprotectedareas.第二节书面表达（满分25分）面对繁重的学业负担，很多学生出现了不同程度的心理和身体方面的不适。鉴于此种情况，中学生应该学会放松。假入你是中学生李华，请以HowtoRelaxOurselves为题写一篇文章给《21世纪英语报》投稿内容包括：1.为什么要学会自我放松；2.自我放松的途径（如看电视﹑上网﹑体育锻炼﹑旅游等）3.你更喜欢哪种自我放松方式及原因注意：1.词数120左右；2.文章开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。HowtoRelaxOurselvesFacedwithheavylearningburdens,manyofusstudents__________________________________-8-\n甘肃省天水市秦安县2022年高三第一次联合模拟考试英语参考答案改错InChina,peopleandgiantpandashadbeenlivingtogetherforthousandsofyears.ButhaveChina’shumanpopulationhasbeengreatgrowing.Morepopulationmeansmorelandisgreatlyneededforfarming.Italsomeanmoreforestsarecutforwoodtobuildandheathouses.Lossmeansofhabitatinlowlandareashasforcedpandas∧liveonlyinthemountains.Themostto-8-
