专题限时检测(二十) 阅读理解之新闻类(共3篇，限时23分钟)A(2022·黄石毕业班调研)Chinahasrecentlybeenfacedwithseriousissuesofproductsafety.InPanama,itissaidthatmedicinemadewithapoisonouschemicalsickenedsomepeople.AChinesecompanyhadidentifieditasdiethylamideglycol(乙二醇),alowcostsubstitutecommonlyusedinautomobileantifreeze(防冻剂)．SomecountrieshavebannedChinesemadetoothpastecontainingdiethylamideglycol.Chinahasnowtoldcompaniestodiscontinueitsuse,eventhoughitsaysthetoothpasteissafe.Anotherindustrialchemical,melamine,wasfoundinwheatflourusedtomakepetfoodinNorthAmerica.Thousandsofdogsandcatsbecamesick.TheUnitedStateshasrestrictedsomeimportsofChineseseafoodbecausetheycontainedbannedsubstance.Andquestionshavebeenraisedaboutotherproducts,includingchildren’stoyscoveredwithleadpaint.ChineseofficialspromisedtoprovidetheEuropeanUnion,thebiggesttradingpartner,withdetailedreportsonenforcementeffortsagainstunsafegoods.MeglenaKuneva,commissioner(理事)forconsumerprotectionoftheEuropeanUnionsaidChinashouldhavekeptitspromise.ChinarecentlyclosedthreecompanieslinkedtothePanamaandthepetfoodscare.Anditdismissedtheformerheadofitsfoodanddrugadministration.Hewasfoundguiltyofcorruption(腐败)forapprovingunsafedrugs.Thisweek,aconferenceoftheStateCouncilapprovedaproposedspecialmeasureonthesupervisionoffoodsafety.TheXinhuaNewsAgencysaiditcallsforstrongercontrolsoverproducers,greaterresponsibilitiesforgovernmentandmoreseriouspunishmentforillegalactivities.ButChineseofficialshaveaccusedsomeforeignmediaofoverstatingproblemswithgoodsmadeinChina.TheysayfoodimportsfromtheUnitedStatesalsofailinspectionsometimes.Nextweek,AmericanandChinesefoodsafetyofficialsareplanningtohold5daysofmeetingsinBeijingtodiscusscooperation.1.HowwasPanamacasedealtwithafterwards?A．Threecompanieslinkedtoitwerecloseddown.B．Theformerheadoffoodanddrugadministrationwasremovedfromhisposition.C．Moreseriouspunishmentwasconductedforleaderslinkedtoit.D．BothAandB.2．Itcanbeimpliedbutnotclearlystatedthat________.A．ChinesemadetoothpasteissafeB．thesafetyof“MadeinChina”isdoubtedC．therearesafetyproblemswithmoreChineseproductsD．strongercontroloverChineseproductsisinneed3．Thepassageismainlyabout________.A．ChinaisfacingproductsafetyproblemsB．morecontrolsaretakenofChinesegoodsC．overstatedproblemswithChinesegoodsD．Chinaislosingitstradepartners5\n4．Whatdoes“it”refertointhelastbutoneparagraph?A．China.B．TheEuropeanUnion.C．Chineseofficials.D．TheChinesecompany.B(2022·仙桃高三一模)ThedecisionoftheThirdPlenumofthe18thCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinatoallowamarriedcoupletohavetwochildrenifoneofthecoupleisanonlychildisindeedwelcomenewstothemanyyoungcoupleswhowanttohavemorethanonechild.Whatisevenmoremeaningfulisthestatementinthedecisionthatthefamilyplanningpolicywillbegraduallyadjustedtopromotedemographic(人口)developmentonabalancedandlongtermbasis.Suchflexibilityisnecessary,giventhefactthatChinahasthelargestpopulationintheworldandoneofthemajorenginesfortheglobaleconomy.Peoplearenowpredictingfurtherlooseningasahigherbirthrateisneededtooffsetthetoolowbirthrateofthepastandtherapidagingofsociety,whichareputtingpressureoneconomicgrowthandsocialprogress.Economistsseethedropintheworkingagepopulationby3.45millionin2022asstrongevidenceoftheneedforamuchhigherbirthratetoavoidaneconomiccrisiscausedbyalackoflabor.Sociologistsconsiderthefertility(繁殖力)rateof1.18in2022asasignofsocietybeinglackinginenergy,andwarnthattherapidincreaseofseniorcitizenswillpreventthedynamicsofbotheconomicandsocialprogress.Theseconcernsmusthavebeentakenintoconsiderationduringtheprocessofmakingthedecision.However,asacountrywithapopulationofmorethan1.3billion,Chinacanneversetasideconcernsaboutthenegativeeffectsapopulationexplosionwouldhaveonitseconomicandsocialdevelopment.Whatweneednowarereasonableexpectationsforthecountry’sdemographicgrowth.Itwasexpectedthatunderthepreviousfamilyplanningpolicies,thecountry’spopulationwouldgrowto1.5billionandthengraduallydrop.Ifthisisstillthepossibilitywehopetorealize,furtherstudyisneededtofigureouthowweshouldadjustthepoliciessothatthedeclineinpopulationwillnotbesosharpthatitdealsaheavyblowtotheoveralldevelopmentofthecountry.5．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtheproblemwiththepreviousfamilyplanningpolicy?A．Atoolowbirthrate.B．Arapidincreaseoftheaged.C．Abigpopulationexplosion.D．Asharpdeclineinworkingagepopulation.6．Theunderlinedword“offset”inthethirdparagraphcanbestbereplacedby________.A．compensatefor B．setoutC．callforD．setoff7．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．China’spopulationwon’tstopgrowinguntilitreaches1.5billion.B．BalanceddemographicgrowthbenefitstheoveralldevelopmentofChina.5\nC．InChina,ahigherbirthrateisneededtomeetmanyyoungcouples’demands.D．Economicandsocialprogressisnothingmorethandemographicdevelopment.8．Wheredoesthispassageprobablycomefrom?A．Aworkofsciencefiction.B．Abookreview.C．Amarriageguide.D．Anewsreport.C(2022·荆州第二次质检)AUGUSTA,Maine—RepaircrewsfromMainetoMichiganandintoCanadaworkedtorestorepowertomorethanhalfamillionhomesthatwereleftinthedarkbylastweekend’sicestorm,whichhasbeenlinkedto27deaths.IntheUnitedStates,thestormcausedatleast17deathsonChristmasDay,fromtrafficaccidentsandcarbonmonoxide(一氧化碳)poisoning.InCanada,10peoplewerereporteddead,includingsevenwhowerereporteddeadfromapparentcarbonmonoxidepoisoning.PolicesaidfivepeopleinOntariodiedafterusinggastoheattheirhomenortheastofTorontoandtwoinQuebecinawoodenhouse.Earlier,threepeoplewerekilledineasternCanadainhighwaycrashesblamedonsevereweatherconditions.TheicestormlastweekendwasoneoftheworsttohitduringtheChristmasweek,andrepaircrewswereworkingaroundtheclocktorestoreservice.AstemperaturesdecreasedsharplyinToronto,authoritiesreportedasuddenjumpincallsforhelpforsuspectedcarbonmonoxidepoisoning,respondingto110callsina24hourperiod.Officialssaidtheytypicallysee20suchcallsaday.Fireofficialswarnedpeoplenottouseanythingthatburnsinsideahome,andevencautionedagainstusingalotofcandles.“Iunderstandtheywanttokeepwarm,butyoucannotdothis.Thisisdeadly，”TorontoMayorRobFordsaidTuesday.InToronto,about72,000customersremainedwithoutpowerChristmasmorning.ElsewhereinOntario,about30,000customerswerestillinthedark.TensofthousandsofhomeswerestillwithoutpoweronWednesdayinMichigan,downfrommorethan500,000atthestorm’speak(顶峰).Mainehadabout60,000withoutpower.CanadianofficialswarnedthatsomecustomerscouldbewithoutpoweruntilSaturday.9．WhatisthemaincauseofthedeathinCanada?A．Theirhouses’burningdown.B．Trafficaccidentsonthehighway.C．Carbonmonoxidepoisoning.D．Usinglotsofcandlesathome.10．Whywasthereajumpincallsforhelp?A．Becausetherewasasuddendropintemperature.B．Becausemanycrasheshappenedonthehighway.C．Becausealotofpeoplewantedtoordercandles.D．Becausepeoplecouldn’tgetouttopaytheirbills.11．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．Therepairworkhasn’tbeenfinished.B．Theicestormlastweekendwastheworst.C．Fireofficialsdidn’tgivepeoplewarning.5\nD．Theicestormisatitspeakatthemoment.12．What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．ColdChristmascomeswithoutpowerB．IcestormleavesmanywithoutpowerC．IcestormcausesmanydeathsonroadD．TheworstdisasterhappensinCanada答案语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。报道了中国出口的很多产品都被查出有质量问题。这些质量问题已严重影响了中国产品的国际声誉。1．选D 细节理解题。根据第六段的前两句可知，针对巴拿马政府查出的中国产品质量问题，中国国内有三家相关公司被关闭，食品药品管理部门的领导也被撤职了。故选D。2．选B 推理判断题。分析本文可推知，“中国制造”的产品的质量安全问题受到世界上很多国家怀疑。故选B。3．选A 主旨大意题。根据主题句——第一段第一句可知，本文主要说明中国制造的产品面临着严重的质量问题。故选A。4．选A 指代判断题。根据本段第一句中的主语“China”可知，此处的it指代前一句中的主语China。故选A。语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。为了使人口不会大幅下降，以致影响到国家的整体发展，中国及时调整了计划生育政策，推出了二胎新政策，即一方是独生子女的夫妇可生育两个孩子。5．选C 细节理解题。根据本文倒数第二段内容可知，中国人口基数大，如果控制不好生育政策，有可能会造成人口大爆炸，人口大爆炸并不是之前计划生育政策所带来的问题，所以C项表述错误。故选C。6．选A 词义猜测题。画线词所在的句子是在解释新政策的原因，由此可推知，目前需要更高的出生率来弥补过去过低的出生率及快速老龄化造成的劳动力减少，compensatefor意为“补偿，弥补”，与offset意思相近。故选A。7．选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“...weshouldadjust...developmentofthecountry.”可知，我们应调整政策，为了使人口不会如此大幅下降，以至于影响国家的整体发展。由此可推知，平衡的人口增长有利于中国的整体发展。故选B。8．选D 推理判断题。本文是关于我国计划生育新政策方面的介绍，显然不属于科幻小说、书评或者婚姻指南，而是一篇新闻报道。故选D。语篇解读：本文为一篇新闻报道。美国和加拿大因遭受冰暴而使很多户家庭断电，维修人员正在努力为50多万户家庭恢复供电。9．选C 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，在加拿大导致死亡的主要原因是一氧化碳中毒。10．选A 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句可知，求助电话猛增是因为气温急剧下降，人们因取暖导致一氧化碳中毒的事件增多。11．选A 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“CanadianofficialswarnedthatsomecustomerscouldbewithoutpoweruntilSaturday.”可推知，电力维修工作目前还没有完成。5\n12．选B 标题判断题。本文为新闻报道，主旨在第一段，主要介绍了因冰暴很多人遭遇断电，维修人员正在抢修的事件，因此B项为最佳标题。5
