欢迎来到英语课堂\n走向高考·英语路漫漫其修远兮吾将上下而求索外研版·高考总复习\nModule5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina必修三第一部分 基础知识聚焦\n基础知识梳理2考点探究演练3单元语法4基础知识巩固5课时作业6话题作文晨诵1\n话题作文晨诵\n话题：中国古代伟人和伟大发明假如你是李华，你的美国朋友布鲁斯开始学习中国文学，来信询问鲁迅其人及其作品。你回信向他介绍作家鲁迅。词数120～150。关键词语：鲁迅，原名周树人，浙江绍兴人，为了国家，弃医从文；作家，思想家，而且还是中国现代文学的开创者；小说被译成多种文字，并被制成电影，如《阿Q正传》《祝福》这两部影片；一些作品还被选入了中学和大学课本。参考词汇：《阿Q正传》：TheTrueStoryofAhQ《祝福》：TheNewYear'sSacrifice\nⅠ.头脑风暴，知识链接单词短语1.thinker思想家2．influential有影响的3．contribution贡献4．benefit受益1.becomeinterestedin对……感兴趣2．beproudof为……自豪3．makeacontributionto为……做出贡献4．translate...into...把……翻译成……句式1.IwasgladtoknowyoubegantostudyandbecomeinterestedinChineseliterature.2．NowletmetellyousomethingaboutLuXunwhomweChineseareproudof.3．NotonlywasLuXunaninfluentialChinesewriterandthinker，butalsothefatherofmodernChineseliterature,whichLuXunmadeagreatcontributionto.\nⅡ.范文必背DearBruce，IwasgladtoknowyoubegantostudyandbecomeinterestedinChineseliterature.NowletmetellyousomethingaboutLuXunwhomweChineseareproudof.BorninShaoxing,ZhejiangProvince,LuXunwiththerealnameZhouShurenabandonedthestudyofmedicineandbegantowrite.NotonlywasLuXunaninfluentialChinesewriterandthinker,butalsothefatherofmodernChineseliterature,whichLuXunmadeagreatcontributionto.Hisnovelshavebeentranslatedintomanylanguagesandsomeofnovelshavebeenmadeintofilms,suchasTheTrueStoryofAhQandTheNewYear'sSacrifice.Someofhisnovelshavebeencollectedinhighschoolandcollegetextbooks.\nSinceyouarelearningChineseliterature,IthinkreadingLuXun'snovelswillbenefitalot.Yours，LiHua\n基础知识梳理\nⅠ.单词速记核心必记1．________(n.)秩序2．________(n.)职位3．________(vt.)强调4．________(n.)状况；条件；环境5．________(adj.)平等的→________(adv.)平等地→________(n.)平等6．________(n.)重要；重要性→________(adj.)重要的7．________(vt.)发明→________(n.)发明→________(n.)发明家8．________(n.)争论；辩论；议论→________(v.)争论，辩论OrderPositionstressconditionequalequallyequalityimportanceimportantinventsinventioninventorargumentargue\n高频必知9．________(n.)善良10．________(n.)原则；准则11．________(vi.)辞职12．________(n.)公正13．________(n.)自由→________(adj.)自由的；空闲的；免费的14．________(adj.)有影响的→________(n.)影响15．________(n.)贡献→__________(vt.)贡献kindnessprincipleresignjusticefreedom;influentialcontributionfreeinfluencecontribute\nⅡ.短语互译1．与……交战_________________2．养育；抚养____________________3．为……自豪____________________4．同意；与……相符；适合(某人)____________________5．becomeinterestedin____________________6．inconclusion____________________7．forthefirsttime____________________8．asenseofresponsibility____________________beatwarwithbringupbeproudof4.agreewith对……感兴趣总之第一次责任感\n情景活用选用上面的单词或短语的正确形式填空Mr.Smith,whoisan________(有影响的)person,holdsan________(重要的)________(职位)inacompany.Hecaresaboutworkers'livingandworking________(环境).Healsoencouragesworkersto________(发明)things,andhesaysthathe________(为……感到自豪)thosewhohavemadegreat________(贡献)tothecompany.答案：influential；important；position；conditions；invent；isproudof；contributions\nⅢ.典句析练1．Treatothersinthe________youwanttobetreated.己所不欲，勿施于人。[解析]way“方式，方法”，作先行词时，用inwhich，that或省略关系词的形式引导定语从句。[仿写]她羡慕我回答问题的方式。Sheadmired________________Iansweredthequestions.\n2．Menciusbelievedthat________________manisdifferentfromanimals________________manisgood.孟子认为人区别于动物的原因就在于人性本善。[解析]“Thereasonwhy...isthat...”中why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句。[仿写]我没有参加宴会的原因是我太忙了。Thereason________Ididn'tattendtheparty________Iwastoobusy.\n3．However,we________________thatin1092ADheinvented...然而，我们的确知道在公元1092年，他发明了……[解析]“do/does/did＋动词原形”表示强调。[仿写]他的确喜欢听古典音乐。He________________listeningtoclassicalmusic.答案：1.way;theway(that)/inwhich2.thereasonwhy;isthat;why;wasthat3.doknow;doesenjoy\nⅣ.课文回顾Confuciuswasafamousphilosopherwhose__(1)__hasbeenthegreatest.He__(2)__(stress)theimportanceofkindness,dutyandorderinsociety.Menciuswasathinkerwhose__(3)__(teaching)wereverysimilartothatofConfucius.Menciuswas__(4)__(bring)upbyhismother.Hewasgivenanimportant__(5)__inthegovernmentofastate.However,he__(6)__whenhesawtherulerwasn'tfollowinghisadvice.Hebelievedthatpeoleweremoreimportantthan__(7)__.Moziwasanotherteacherwhowasvery__(8)__.Hebecamefamousforhisunusualclothesand__(9)__(behave).Mozibelievedthatallmenwere__(10)__.Hehatedtheideaofwar.\n(1)________(2)________(3)________(4)________(5)________(6)________(7)________(8)________(9)________(10)________答案：(1)influence(2)stressed(3)teachings(4)brought(5)position(6)resigned(7)rulers(8)influential(9)behaviour(10)equal\n考点探究演练\n1.equaladj.平等的；相等的；胜任的v.等于；比得上[填空→激活知识]完成句子①WearesurethatBarbara________________________thejob.我们相信芭芭拉完全能胜任这项工作。②Notallthepeople________________________________.并不是所有人的能力都与他相同。答案：①isequalto②equalhiminability\n[归纳拓展](1)feel/beequalto(doing)sth.能胜任(做)……；与……相等beequalin在……方面相同/相等withoutequal无比，无敌equalsb./sth.(insth.)与某人/某物(在某方面)相同或相等(2)equalityn．平等；相等equallyadv.相等地；平等地①Allstudentsareequalinthesightofmyteacher.我的老师对所有学生都一视同仁。②Hispaintingsarewithoutequalinthewesternworld.他的画在西方国家首屈一指。\n2．contributionn.贡献，成绩；稿件[填空→激活知识]①Don'tundervalueJim's________totheresearch.不要低估了吉姆在研究工作中的贡献。②TheBritishExpeditionaryForcewasnomorethanasymbolic________.英国远征军不过是一种象征性的支援。答案：①contribution②contribution\n[构建→导图助记]①Doessmokingcontributetolungcancer?吸烟会导致肺癌吗？②Itisourdutytomakecontributionstoourmotherland.为祖国作出贡献是我们的责任。\n3．ordern．秩序；次序；命令；规则；订单vt.命令；订购；点菜[填空→激活知识]①Icouldn'tringbecausethephonewas________________________.我没法打电话，因为电话机坏了。②Heorderedthatthework________________________atonce.他命令立即开始工作。答案：①outoforder②(should)bestarted\n[归纳拓展](1)inorder整齐，秩序井然，按顺序；妥当的outoforder发生故障；次序颠倒；混乱placeanorderforsth.withsb.向某人订购某物(2)ordersb.todosth.命令某人做某事order＋thatclause命令……I'dliketoplaceanorderforsometeawithyourcompany.我想从贵公司订购一些茶叶。提示：order作动词时，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语要用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略；作名词表示“命令”时，相关的从句也要用虚拟语气。\n[真题寻踪](2014·浙江阅读·D)Somenights,inordertotastemyvictorymorecompletely，Icheated.有的晚上，为了更全面地体会胜利，我会作弊。\n4．conditionn．条件；状况；环境[填空→激活知识]①Thegoodswerereceived________________________.货物收到时完好无损。②I'lllendyousome________________________youneverwastemoney.只要你不浪费钱，我将借给你一些。答案：①ingoodcondition②onconditionthat\n[构建→导图助记]注意：(1)condition表示“环境”时，常用复数形式；表示“状况”时，是不可数名词；表示“条件”时，是可数名词。(2)onnocondition位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，即把助动词、情态动词等放在主语之前。\n5．stressn．压力；重音vt.加压力于；使紧张[填空→激活知识]句式转换型①Hestressedtwopointsinparticular.＝He________________________twopointsparticularly.他特别强调了两点。②TheEnglishteacher______________________________readingaloud.英语老师强调了朗读的重要性。答案：①laidstresson②stressedtheimportanceof\n[知识拓展](1)lay/put/placestressonsth.＝stresssth.把重点放在……上；强调……understress在压力之下underthestressof为……所迫(2)stresstheimportanceof...强调……的重要性stressthat...强调……Jane'sbeenunderalotofstresssincehermother'sillness.自从母亲病倒后，简一直忧心忡忡。\n6.bringup养育，抚养；提出；呕吐[填空→激活知识]①Infact,hewas________________byhisauntafterhisparentsdied.事实上，在他父亲去世后，他是由他姑母养大的。②I'll________________thismatterformymanager'sconsideration.我将提出此事请我的经理考虑。③Martinhasbeen________________allmorning.马丁整个早上都在呕吐。答案：①broughtup②bringup③bringingup\n[知识拓展]bringabout引起；实现；使发生bringforth生产；生(孩子)bringin获利；引进；介绍；收获bringon引起；导致bringout生产；制造；出版bringround使苏醒bring...together集合；召集\n7.Thereasonwhy...isthat...(……的)原因是……。[填空→激活知识]用适当的关联词填空①Thereason________hewasabsentis________hewasill.他缺席的原因是他病了。②Thereason________Iexplainedforthreedays'leavewas________mysickmotherneededmycare.我为请假三天解释的理由是我生病的母亲需要我照顾。答案：①why；that②that/which；that\n[知识拓展]Thereasonwhy...isthat...“……的原因是……。”，其中why引导的是定语从句，is之后的that引导表语从句。[注意]reason用作先行词时，其后定语从句中的关系代词或副词的选择要依据定语从句所缺少的成分来确定：(1)如果从句中缺少状语，则要用why或forwhich引导定语从句，why有时可以省略；(2)如果缺少主语或宾语，则要用关系代词that或which来引导定语从句，that/which在定语从句中作宾语时也可省略。\n单元语法\n定语从句语法填空1．(2015·乌鲁木齐地区高三第一次诊断改编)Thatscientist________workissuccessfulhasbeenmadeamodelworker.答案：whose句意：那个工作很成功的科学家已经当选为劳动模范。句中的先行词为thatscientist，且空处在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词work，所以用whose引导。2．(2015·山西太原部分中学高三统一检测改编)Hisnewcar,for________hepaid7,000pounds,hasalreadyhadtoberepaired.答案：which句意：他花了7,000英镑买来的那辆新车已经不得不修理了。此处是“介词for＋which”引导的定语从句，先行词为hisnewcar。\n3．(2015·黑龙江四校高三联考改编)Inourschoolthereare200computers,________which60%needreplacing.答案：of句意：我们学校有200台电脑，其中有60%的电脑需要更换。此处of表示整体与部分的关系，即用于“部分＋of＋整体(which，whom)”结构中。此句可以转化为“Inourschoolthereare200computers,and60%ofthemneedreplacing.”。\n4．(2015·河北普通高中高三数学质量监测改编)Manypeopletriedtoleavethecountry,________therewasmuchviolenceandaseriousshortageoffoodsupply.答案：where逗号后面的句子为定语从句，修饰先行词thecountry，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用where。5．(2015·辽宁六校高三上学期联考改编)Theclassroomiscrowdedwithchildren______havepooreyesight,allof________interestedinpainting.答案：who;them句意：教室中挤满了视力不好的孩子，他们都对绘画感兴趣。“whohavepooreyesight”是定语从句，修饰先行词children。“alloftheminterestedinpainting”是独立主格结构。\n1.(四川高考改编)She'llneverforgetherstaythere________shefoundhersonwhohadgonemissingtwoyearsbefore.答案：whenherstay为先行词，为抽象的一段时间“她待在那里期间”，when在定语从句作时间状语。2．(天津高考改编)Mostairpollutioniscausedbytheburningof________likecoal,gasandoil.答案：fuelsfuels“燃料”，从后文likecoal,gasandoil可知应该选fuels。\n3．(陕西高考改编)Guncontrolisasubject________whichAmericanshavearguedforalongtime.答案：about先行词是guncontrol，介词与从句动词构成搭配argueaboutsth.。\n基础知识巩固（点此链接）\n课时作业（点此链接）\n
