2021-2022学年山西省太原市第五中学高二上学期10月月考英语试题第I卷选择题(共60分)第一部分从各小题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)1.Aftercleaningthewindow,he________theroomtoseeiftherewasanythingelsehecoulddo.A.lookedupB.lookedoverC.lookedacrossD.lookedthrough【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:擦完窗户后,他朝房间的另一头看了看,想看看还有什么他能做的。A.lookedup向上看,查找;B.lookedover检查,查看;C.lookedacross朝对面看;D.lookedthrough浏览,快速查看。根据后文“toseeiftherewasanythingelsehecoulddo”句意可知,此处指“朝对面看”。故选C项。2.Withrichpracticalexperience,heis________handlingvariousemergencies.A.capableofB.annoyedwithC.concernedaboutD.sensitiveto【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查短语辨析。句意:他有丰富的实践经验,能够处理各种突发事件。A.capableof有能力做某事;B.annoyedwith对某事生气;C.concernedabout关心某事;D.sensitiveto对某事敏感。根据句中handlingvariousemergencies,可以处理各种各样的突发事件,说明他是有能力的。选项A符合题意,故选A。3.Chinaisnodoubtthemostremarkableplacesintheworld________itsarchitecturalmarvels(建筑奇迹).A.infavorofB.intermsofC.inhonorofD.inplaceof【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意:就其建筑奇迹而言,中国无疑是世界上最引人注目的地,方。A.infavorof有利于;赞同;支持;B.intermsof依据;按照;就……而言;C.inhonorof为向……表示敬意;D.inplaceof代替。根据句中Chinaisnodoubtthemostremarkableplacesintheworld,中国无疑是世界上最引人注目的地方是根据其建筑而言的。选项B符合题意,故选B。4.Myscheduleis________---Icouldarrangetomeetwithyouanydaynextweek.A.tangledB.passiveC.effectiveD.flexible【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我的日程安排很灵活,我可以安排下周的任何一天与你见面。A.tangled复杂的;混乱的;B.passive被动的;消极的;C.effective有效的;D.flexible灵活的,可变动的。根据后文“Icouldarrangetomeetwithyouanydaynextweek”可知,“我”可以安排下周的任何一天与你会面,由此推知,“我”的日程表应是“灵活的;可变动的”。选项D符合句意。故选D项。5.Hestill________regularlytothemagazine“NewScientist”afterretiring.A.hesitatedB.contributedC.adjustedD.offered【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他退休后仍定期为《新科学家》杂志撰稿。A.hesitated犹豫;B.contributed(为报纸、杂志、电台或电视节目)撰稿;C.adjusted调整;D.offered提供。根据句中tothemagazine“NewScientist”,所以此处指他给《新科学家》杂志撰稿,选项B符合题意,故选B。6.Facingsuchabadsituation,noonecould________abettersolution.A.liveupwithB.catchupwithC.putupwithD.comeupwith【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意:面对如此糟糕的情况,没有人能想出更好的解决办法。A.liveupwith不辜负;B.catchupwith赶上;C.putupwith忍受;D.comeupwith提出;想出。根据句中abettersolution可知,此处指想出一个更好的解决方法。故选D。7.If________promptlyandproperly,somecancersarehighlycurable.,A.treatedB.beingapproachedC.aidingD.havingbeensolved【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:如果及时恰当地治疗,有些癌症的治愈率很高。在状语从句中,从句的主语和主句主语一致,且从句中用了be动词,可以省略从句的主语和be动词。分析可知,逗号前的内容为条件状语从句的省略,其完整句式为:Ifsomecancersaretreatedpromptly,从句的主语和主句主语一致,也用了be动词,所以此处省略了somecancersare,结合选项,选项A符合题意,故选A。8.Adozenparks___inrecentyears,________asbothtourismdestinationsandnaturaloxygenbars.A.wasbuilt;toserveB.havebeenbuilt;servingC.built;servingD.havebuilt;served【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态、语态和非谓语动词。句意:近年来已经建成了十几个公园,既是旅游目的地,也是天然氧吧。根据句中时间状语inrecentyears及asbothtourismdestinationsandnaturaloxygenbars可知,公园的建设已经完成,所以第一空要用现在完成时;parks于build为动宾关系,所以第一空要用被动语态。第二空及之后的内容作为公园建立后实现的一个结果,所以应用现在分词作状语。结合选项,选项B符合题意,故选B。9.Pricesofdailygoods________throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.A.tobeboughtB.areboughtC.boughtD.arebeingbought【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:通过电脑购买的日常商品的价格可以低于商店的价格。分析可知。本句的谓语动词为canbe,所以空白处应用非谓语动词;goods与buy存在被动关系,相当于whicharebought...,作定语修饰先行词goods,所以此处应用过去分词。结合选项,选项C符合题意,故选C项。10.Bobhasnever________,andweallhavetoworkhardertomakeupforhislaziness.A.raisedhisconcernsB.letoffsteam,C.reachedhistargetD.pulledhisweight【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意:鲍勃从来没有尽到他的职责,我们都必须更加努力工作来弥补他的懒惰。A.raisedhisconcerns提出了他的担忧;B.letoffsteam发泄;C.reachedhistarget达到目标;D.pulledhisweight尽职尽责。根据句中weallhavetoworkhardertomakeupforhislaziness可知,我们要更努力工作来弥补他的懒惰,说明他没有尽职尽责。选项D与文意相符,故选D。第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分30分)第一节阅读下列短文,从每小题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分)AWhileyouareprobablyfamiliarwiththecharacteristicsofthetypeApersonality(hard-drivingambitious,perfectionist),youmightnotbefamiliarwiththetypeBpersonality.PeoplewithatypeBpersonalityareoftendescribedaseasy-going,relaxed,andhighlyflexible.ThetypeBpersonalityisbasicallytheoppositeofthetypeA.ThetypeAandtypeBtypeswerefirstintroducedduringthe1950sbycardiologists(心脏病专家)RosenmanandFriedmanwhowereinterestedinhowanindividualspersonalitymightserveasapredictorforheartdiseaselateroninlife.Asresearcherscontinuedtoexplorethislink,theynotedthatcertaingroupspersonalitytraits(特点)seemedtohavealinktospecificphysicalillnesses.PeoplewithtypeApersonalitytraitssuchasaggressionandcompetitivenesswerefoundtohaveagreaterriskofdevelopinghighbloodpressureandheartdisease.PeoplewithTypeBpersonalities,ontheotherhand,hadalowerriskofheartproblems.Sowhatexactlydistinguishedthistypeofpersonality?ThetypeBpersonalitylacksthebehaviortypicallyseenintheAtype.ThetypeBpersonalityischaracterizedbyasetoftraitsthatincludeflexibility,lowstresslevels,relaxedattitude,patience,creativity.Itisimportanttorememberthateveryonetendstoexperiencetheabovetraitstosomedegreefromtimetotime.PeoplewiththetypeBpersonality,however,exhibitthesetraitsmoreoften.Knowingyourtypecanhelpyoubetterunderstandyourtendencies,includingyourpotentialstrengthsandweaknesses.SomehavesuggestedthatsincetypeAbehaviorismoreconnectedtoheartproblems,theremight,besomebenefittohelpingpeopleadoptmoreofatypeBapproach.However,assomeresearcherspointout,doingsocouldalsoleadtonegativeoutcomes.Ifanambitiousdrivenworkaholic(工作狂)stoppeddisplayingtypicaltypeAbehavior,itcouldleadtoreducedproductivity,decreasedjobfunction,andevenlossofincome.Theseeffectscouldthennegativelyimpacthealthbyincreasingstresslevels.11.WhatarepeoplewithatypeBpersonalitylike?A.Flexible,ambitiousandpatient.B.Flexible,patientandcreative.C.Stressedandhard-driving.D.Outgoing,hard-drivingandcreative.12.Whydidthecardiologistsputforwardtwotypesoftraits?A.Theywantedtounderstandpeople'spotentialstrengthsandweaknesses.B.Theythoughtthesetwotypescouldleadtodifferentphysicalillnesses.C.Theywantedtofindouthowpeople'spersonalitiesaffecttheirhealth..D.Theythoughtthesetwotypesplaydifferentrolesindevelopinghighbloodpressure.13.WhatwillhappeniftypeApeopleadoptatypeBapproach,accordingtothetext?ATheymightbemorecreative.B.Theycouldgainalotofbenefits.C.Theymightsufferfrompoorworkefficiency.D.Theirhealthconditioncouldbegreatlyimproved.【答案】11.B12.C13.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了两种不同性格即A型性格和B型性格的不同及其行为方式对健康的影响。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“ThetypeBpersonalityischaracterizedbyasetoftraitsthatincludeflexibility,lowstresslevels,relaxedattitude,patience,creativity.”(B型性格的拥有属性包括一系列特征,包括灵活性、低压力水平、放松的态度、耐心和创造力。)可知,B型性格的特征是灵活的、耐心的,有创造力的。选项B与文意相符,故选B。【12题详解】,细节理解题。根据第二段“ThetypeAandtypeBtypeswerefirstintroducedduringthe1950sbycardiologists(心脏病专家)RosenmanandFriedmanwhowereinterestedinhowanindividualspersonalitymightserveasapredictorforheartdiseaselateroninlife.Asresearcherscontinuedtoexplorethislink,theynotedthatcertaingroupspersonalitytraits(特点)seemedtohavealinktospecificphysicalillnesses.”(A型和B型最早是在20世纪50年代由心脏病学家罗森曼和弗里德曼引入的,他们对个体的性格如何在以后的生活中预测心脏病非常感兴趣。随着研究人员继续探索这种联系,他们注意到某些群体的性格特征似乎都有这样的联系)可推知,心脏学家提出A型和B型性格是为了找到不同性格的人们在以后的生活中,他们的健康会有什么不同。选项C.“Theywantedtofindouthowpeople'spersonalitiesaffecttheirhealth..”(他们想知道人的性格如何影响他们的健康)选项C与文意相符,故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“SomehavesuggestedthatsincetypeAbehaviorismoreconnectedtoheartproblems,...itcouldleadtoreducedproductivity,decreasedjobfunction,andevenlossofincome.”(有人认为,既然A型行为与心脏问题的关系更密切,那么帮助人们采用B型行为可能会有一些好处。然而,正如一些研究人员指出的,这样做也可能导致负面的结果。如果一个雄心勃勃的工作狂不再表现出典型的A型行为,可能导致生产力下降,工作功能下降,甚至失去收入)可知,如果A型性格的人用了B型性格的行为,那么将会导致他的生产力下降,工作功能下降,甚至失去收入。选项C.“Theymightsufferfrompoorworkefficiency.”(他们的工作效率可能会很低)与文意相符,故选C。BHungarianJewishactivistRezsoKasztner,abrilliant,self-confidentlawyerandjournalistwasdirectlyresponsibleforliberating1,684JewsonatraintoSwitzerland.StrugglingtosavetheHungarianJews,bythewarended,hehadpreservedsome100,000morelivesbybargaining(讨价还价)withtheNazis,includingAdolfEichmanandKurtBecheramongotherofficers.HedidthisbymakinguseoftheNaziweaknessesofgreedandneed“bloodforgoods”.Kasztnerofferedmoney,jewelryandthepromiseofwarmateriel(物资)thatheknewcouldneverbedeliveredinexchangeforJewishlives.Heandtheotheractivistswereabletosaveonlyasmallnumberoftheirpeople,asnearlyhalfamillionHungarians.JewsweresenttoAuschwitztobekilledinjustfewmonths.Theselectionofthosewhoweresaved,especiallyonthetrain,hadbotheredKasztnereversince.,Afterthewar,KasztnerandhisfamilyemigratedtoIsrael,whereheexpectedtobewelcomedasahero.Instead,theyfoundtensionbetweensettlersandrefugees(难民),andbecauseKasztnerhadtopretendtomakefriendswithNasis,hewasattackedasaNazicollaborator(勾结者).Whenhechargedoneofhisaccusers(amanwhowasjealous(嫉妒)ofhimbackinHungary)withlibel(谤罪),thejudgeruledagainsthimbecauseofthestruggleforpowerbetweenthepoliticalpartiesinIsrael.TherealRezsoKasztnerwasanextraordinarymanwhoplayedahigh-riskgamewiththedevil.Andhewonintheonlygameofsavinghumanlives.HeachievedmoreinhiswaythananyotherindividualinNazi-occupiedEurope.Intheendallhelostwashisownlife.14.WhatcanwelearnaboutRezsoKasztnerfromthepassage?A.HeonceworkedonatraininSwitzerland.B.HewasfamousasalawyerandjournalistthroughoutEurope.CHedevotedhimselftosavingJewishpeopleduringthewar.D.HemadealotofmoneybytradingwiththeNaziofficers.15.WhatdidKasztnerexpectwhenheemigratedtoIsrael?A.Toreceiveahero'swelcome.B.TobeshelteredbyNazis.C.Togetmoresupport.D.Tosavemorepeople.16.ThecourtruledagainstKasztnerinIsraelbecausehe________.A.wasaNazicollaboratorB.defendedtheNazisasalawyerC.declaredthelawofIsraelunjustD.gotcaughtinIsraelipoliticalconflict17.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Aman’sheroicdeedsinsavingHungarianJews.B.ThecrimescommittedbytheNazis.C.ThedarknessofNazi-occupiedEurope.D.People’sdifferentviewsaboutheroes.【答案】14.C15.A16.D17.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了解救犹太人的英雄李泽斯·卡斯特纳的英勇行为。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“StrugglingtosavetheHungarianJews,bythewarended,hehadpreservedsome100,000morelivesbybargaining(讨价还价)withtheNazis,includingAdolf,EichmanandKurtBecheramongotherofficers.(为了拯救匈牙利犹太人,战争结束时,他与纳粹讨价还价,包括阿道夫·艾希曼(AdolfEichman)和库尔特·贝歇尔(KurtBecher)等军官,又挽救了大约10万人的生命)”可知,在战争时期,卡斯特纳积极投身于拯救犹太人。故选C。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Afterthewar,KasztnerandhisfamilyemigratedtoIsrael,whereheexpectedtobewelcomedasahero.(战争结束后,卡斯特纳和他的家人移民到以色列,他希望在那里受到英雄般的欢迎)”可知,卡斯特纳和家人在移民到以色列后,他希望能得到英雄般的欢迎。故选A。【16题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Whenhechargedoneofhisaccusers(amanwhowasjealous(嫉妒)ofhimbackinHungary)withlibel(谤罪),thejudgeruledagainsthimbecauseofthestruggleforpowerbetweenthepoliticalpartiesinIsrael.(当他指控他的一个原告(一个在匈牙利嫉妒他的人)诽谤时,由于以色列政党之间的权力斗争,法官判他败诉)”可知,因为以色列政党之间的权力斗争,卡斯特纳被被判为败诉。故选D。【17题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“HungarianJewishactivistRezsoKasztner,abrilliant,self-confidentlawyerandjournalistwasdirectlyresponsibleforliberating1,684JewsonatraintoSwitzerland.(匈牙利犹太激进分子李泽斯·卡斯特纳是一位才华横溢,自信满满的律师和记者,他直接负责解放了开往瑞士的火车上的1684名犹太人)”和最后一段“herealRezsoKasztnerwasanextraordinarymanwhoplayedahigh-riskgamewiththedevil.Andhewonintheonlygameofsavinghumanlives.HeachievedmoreinhiswaythananyotherindividualinNazi-occupiedEurope.Intheendallhelostwashisownlife.(真正的李泽斯·卡斯特纳是个非凡的人,和魔鬼玩高风险的游戏。他赢得了唯一一场拯救人类生命的比赛。在纳粹占领的欧洲,他比任何人都有成就。最后他失去的只有自己的生命)”可知,本文主要讲述了解救犹太人的英雄李泽斯·卡斯特纳的英勇行为。故选A。CYouprobablyhavearoughideaofhowmuchenergyandwateryourhomeusesbasedonyourutilitybills(物业账单).Butnewtechnologiesaimtoturnthetables,lettingyouseejusthowmuchyouareusinginadvanceofthosebillssothatyourbottomlineislower.Andthatgoesforeverythingfromeverydayappliancestoyoursprinkler(喷水器)system.,Thereareavarietyofin-hometechnologyproductsthatwillsavehomeownersmoneyontheirutilitybillsandhelptheenvironmentatthesametime.Thesetechnologiesaimtohelpconserveresources,andpotentiallysaveyouhundredstothousandsofdollars.TheideaforFloTechnologies’productswasinspiredbyadisaster.CompanyCEOGabrielHalimi'sfamilyhadterriblewaterdamagetotheirhomewhichresultedinaUS$300000insuranceclaim(保险索赔).Halimi'sfather,anengineer,wasinspiredtoputforwardasolution.Theresultisthecompany’swatermonitoringandcontroltechnologyforthehome.Thetechnologyisinstalledonthehome'smainwatersupply.Itworksbytrackingtheflow,temperatureandpressureofyourhome’swatersystem.Someinsuranceplanswillgiveyouadiscountforusingthetechnology,Halimisaid.Italsoshowsyouinrealtimeviaanapphowmuchwateryou'reusing.Ifyourwaterusagerequiresattention,itcanalsosendpushnotifications,textmessagesoremails.Ifyoudon'trespond,itcancallyoubyphone.Thetechnologycanturnoffyourwaterinseveresituations.Youcanalsoturnitoffyourselfbypushingabutton.Thekeytothetechnologyisthatitcanhelpahomeownersaveenergyandwaterbyremindingthemoftheproblemthattheymightnotknowabout,likeabrokensprinklerorwaterpipe.“Unlessyouhavesomethinglikethis,youhavenowayofknowingthatyouhavesomethingwrongwithyourhome,”Halimisaid.18.WhatledtotheinventionofFloTechnologies’products?A.AbillB.AdisasterC.AsprinklerD.Anapp19.Theunderlinedword"install"inthefifthparagraphmostprobablymeans________.A.tofixequipmentorfurnitureintopositionsothatitcanbeusedB.togivesomebodyatesttoseehowmuchheknowsaboutasubjectC.toremovethingsfromavehicleorshipafterithastakenthemsomewhereD.toputalargequantityofthingsorpeopleontoorintosomething20.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A.Thereisonlyonetechnologyproductthathelpshomeownerssavemoney.BHalimidesignedcompany’swatermonitoringtechnologyforthehome.C.Halimi'sfriendsufferedterriblewaterdamageattheirhome.,D.FloTechnologies’productscanremindpeopleoftheunknownproblems.【答案】18.B19.A20.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新科学技术:该技术可以用于记录家里水的流量、温度和压力,可以帮助房主节约能源和水,提醒他们可能不知道的问题。【18题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“TheideaforFloTechnologies’productswasinspiredbyadisaster.”(Flo科技公司的产品灵感来源于一场灾难)可知,由于一场灾难使得Flo科技公司的产品得以产生。选项B与文意相符,故选B。【19题详解】词句猜测题。根据第五段第二句“Itworksbytrackingtheflow,temperatureandpressureofyourhome’swatersystem.”(它的工作原理是跟踪你家的水系统的流量,温度和压力)可知,这个技术设备可以记录家里水的流量、温度和压力,所以推知这个设备应该是被安置在家里的主要供水系统上。因而划线词此处的含义为“安装,设置”,选项A.“tofixequipmentorfurnitureintopositionsothatitcanbeused”(把设备或家具固定在适当的位置以便使用)与文意相符,故选A。【20题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Thekeytothetechnologyisthatitcanhelpahomeownersaveenergyandwaterbyremindingthemoftheproblemthattheymightnotknowabout,likeabrokensprinklerorwaterpipe.”(这项技术的关键是,它可以帮助房主节约能源和水,提醒他们可能不知道的问题,如一个坏掉的洒水器或水管)可知,这项技术可以提醒屋子主人家里可能已经出现的问题。即这些问题是主人不知道的。选项D与文意相符,故选D。第二节根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)PancakeracingOnShroveTuesday(基督教的忏悔星期二)---manypeopleliketocallitPancakeDay,peopleacrosstheUKmakeandeatpancakes.PancakesintheUKPancakesintheUKarelargeandthinandcanbetoppedwithdifferentingredients.PeoplemakepancakesintheirhomesbutyoumightalsofindthatsomeschoolsorbusinessesholdspecialPancake,Dayevents.___21___.TypicalpancakeracesInatypicalpancakerace,contestants(参赛者)havetorunholdingafryingpanwithapancakeinit.Ascontestantsrun,theyhavetothrowthepancakeintheairsothatitturnsoverandlandsbackinthepanontheotherside.___22___,althoughtheyshouldalsobecarefultomakesurethatthepancakeiscompleteandthatithasn’tbrokenalongtheway.TheRehabParliamentary(国会的)PancakeRaceOneofthemostfamouspancakeracesistheRehabParliamentaryPancakeRace.ThistakesplaceonthemorningofShroveTuesdayinLondon,outsidetheHousesofParliament.___23___---oneteamofMembersofParliament(MPS),andoneteamofjournalists---mostofwhomtakepartintheracewearingtheirworksuits!TheraceisshownonthenewsandiscoveredonTVallaroundtheworld.___24___.ItraisesawarenessforthecharityRehab,whichworkswithpeoplewithdisabilitiesandotherswhosufferfromsocialexclusion(排斥)intheUK.Anotherimportantaspectoftheraceistheofficialstarter---thepersonchosentoannouncethestartoftherace.ThisisseenasanimportantroleandisusuallygiventoaBritishnewspresenter.___25___---theMPSareknownforcheatingeveryyear!A.OneofthemispancakeracingB.TheUKhaslotsofstrangetraditionsC.ThewinneristhefirsttoreachthefinishlineD.TheraceisacompetitionbetweentwoteamsE.ThedayfallsonthelastTuesdayofFebruarythisyearF.Andaswellasabitoffun,theraceisalsoheldforagoodcauseG.Butwhoeverischosenusuallyhasahardtimetryingtocontroltherace【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.F25.G【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了英国的煎饼比赛活动中最著名的煎饼比赛之一,Rehab国会煎饼比赛。【详解】1.根据前文“PeoplemakepancakesintheirhomesbutyoumightalsofindthatsomeschoolsorbusinessesholdspecialPancakeDayevents.”(人们在自己家里做煎饼,但你也可能会发现,一些学校或企业举办特殊的煎饼节活动)可知,在英国,很多学校或企业会举办特,殊的煎饼节活动。所以空白处可以对举办的活动做一简单的列举。选项A.“Oneofthemispancakeracing”(其中之一就是煎饼比赛)承接前文,符合题意。故选A。2.根据前文“Inatypicalpancakerace,contestants(参赛者)havetorunholdingafryingpanwithapancakeinit.Ascontestantsrun,theyhavetothrowthepancakeintheairsothatitturnsoverandlandsbackinthepanontheotherside.”(在一个典型的煎饼比赛中,参赛者必须拿着装有煎饼的平底锅跑。当选手们奔跑的时候,他们必须把煎饼扔向空中,这样煎饼就会翻过来,另一面落到锅里)讲述了煎饼比赛的过程,作为比赛,自然就有获胜者。所以接下来可以谈论获胜者的评判依据是什么。选项C.“Thewinneristhefirsttoreachthefinishline.”(第一个到达终点线的人就是赢家)说明了获胜者是依据到达终点线的顺序来定。符合题意,故选C。3.根据前文“OneofthemostfamouspancakeracesistheRehabParliamentaryPancakeRace.”(最著名的煎饼比赛之一,就是Rehab国会煎饼比赛)举例讲述了著名的煎饼比赛——Rehab国会煎饼比赛。下文“oneteamofMembersofParliament(MPS),andoneteamofjournalists.”(一组队员为国会议员,另一组是记者)提到了这次比赛的参赛者的身份。所以空白处应该讲述的内容为:参赛的队员有两组。选项D.“Theraceisacompetitionbetweentwoteams.”(比赛是两队之间的比赛)符合题意,故选D。4.根据前文“TheraceisshownonthenewsandiscoveredonTVallaroundtheworld.”(比赛在新闻上播出,全世界的电视都在报道)提到了这场比赛受媒体的关注程度。下文“ItraisesawarenessforthecharityRehab,whichworkswithpeoplewithdisabilitiesandotherswhosufferfromsocialexclusion(排斥)intheUK.”(它提高了人们对Rehab慈善机构的认识,该机构的工作对象是残疾人和其他被英国社会排斥的人们)讲述了这次比赛的意义。所以空白处应该是起承上启下的作用。承接上文,媒体关注度高,说明这个比赛有带来乐趣的地方;开启下文说明这场比赛还有其它的含义。选项F.“Andaswellasabitoffun,theraceisalsoheldforagoodcause.”(这场比赛除了有趣之外,还有一个很好的理由)与文意相符,故选F。5.根据前文“Anotherimportantaspectoftheraceistheofficialstarter---thepersonchosentoannouncethestartoftherace.ThisisseenasanimportantroleandisusuallygiventoaBritishnewspresenter.”(比赛的另一个重要方面是官方发令员——被选中宣布比赛开始的人。这被看作是一个重要的角色,通常交给英国新闻主持人)和后文“theMPSareknownforcheatingeveryyear!”(议员们每年都作弊!)提到了参与人员的违规行为,所以空白处可能的内容为:这个官方的发令员对具体比赛的过程是无法控制的。选项G.“Butwhoeverischosenusuallyhasahardtimetryingtocontroltherace.”(但是无论谁被选中,这个人通常很难控制比赛)与下文,形成因果关系,符合题意,故选G。第三部分完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)阅读下面短文,从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Inthepast,manypeopleregardedpeoplelivingaroundthemastheirclosefriendsandevenrelatives.Andtherewasaneedto___26___one’sneighbors.Butnowadays,peopledonot___27___withthosewholiveclosetothemastheydiddecadesago.___28___,thesepeoplearenowlivinglonelierlivesandtheyarelivinginaneighborhoodof____29____.Tobeginwith,thereareseveralreasonsforthis____30____,whichmayhelptheunderstandingofwhythisis___31___.Firstly,people’slivesaregenerally___32___todaythaninthepast,astheyhavemuchmoreworktodo,whichleadstointeractingwiththeir___33___insteadoftheirneighbors.Secondly,thelivesofthegeneralpublicaremoremobilethesedays.___34___frequentlycausesthemtodevelopamoresuperficial(表面的)relationshipwithlocalresidents.Lastly,insome____35____,theremaybeculturaldifferencesbetweenneighbors,whichmakescommunicationalmostnon-existent.____36____thesereasons,therearealsoanumberof____37____,whichmayhelpdealwiththisproblem.Firstofall,thelocalcouncil(委员会)could____38____communityevents,toimproverelationsbetweenlocalpeople.Moreover,peopleshould____39____themselvesandinvitetheirneighborstodinneroracasualbarbecue,inorderto____40____arelationshipwitheachother.Finally,____41____peopleoughttoattendlocalcouncilmeetingssothat____42____ofthecommunityhavetheopportunitytocommunicatewitheachother.____43____,manydifferentsolutionsareavailabletohelpstartintroductionsandcommunicationamong____44____suchascommunityevents,socialgatheringsinone’shomeandcouncilmeetings.Anditisinmyopinionthatitisuptothe____45____todosomethingfirst.Whataboutspendingnextweekendwithyourneighborsinyourbackyard?26.A.spyonB.lookforC.giveupD.relyon27.A.playB.competeC.communicateD.shop28.A.ConsequentlyB.SuddenlyC.InterestinglyD.Surprisingly29.A.problemsB.challengesC.strangersD.enemies,30.A.customB.attitudeC.issueD.accident31.A.occurringB.increasingC.spreadingD.recovering32.A.quieterB.busierC.nicerD.healthier33.A.colleaguesB.schoolmatesC.instructorsD.assistants34.A.TravelingB.AppearingC.QuarrelingD.Moving35.A.stepsB.casesC.methodsD.fields36.A.DespiteB.BesidesC.WithoutD.Beyond37.A.toolsB.conditionsC.decisionsD.solutions38.A.chooseB.organizeC.changeD.discover39.A.introduceB.helpC.entertainD.forgive40.A.describeB.showC.startD.understand41.A.foreignB.localC.oldD.smart42.A.starsB.workersC.membersD.leaders43.A.AtbestB.OnpurposeC.ForexampleD.Inconclusion44.A.friendsB.neighborsC.guestsD.relatives45.A.familyB.communityC.governmentD.individual【答案】26.D27.C28.A29.C30.C31.A32.B33.A34.D35.B36.A37.D38.B39.A40.C41.A42.C43.D44.B45.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者分析了现在邻里关系不如从前的原因,并给出自己的解决方案。【26题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:而且需要依靠邻居。A.spyon监视;B.lookfor寻找;C.giveup放弃;D.relyon依靠。根据常识及前文“manypeopleregardedpeoplelivingaroundthemastheirclosefriendsandevenrelatives”可知,邻居之间就像亲戚朋友需要相互依靠。故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:但是现在,人们不像几十年前那样与住在他们附近的人经常交流。A.play玩耍;B.compete竞争;C.communicate交流;D.shop购物。根据常识及后文“these,peoplearenowlivinglonelierlives”可知,过去邻居之间有更多的交流。故选C项。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:因此,这些人现在过着更孤独的生活,他们生活在一个陌生人的社区。A.Consequently因此;B.Suddenly突然;C.Interestingly有趣的是;D.Surprisingly令人惊讶的是。后文“thesepeoplearenowlivinglonelierlivesandtheyarelivinginaneighborhoodof____4____.”和前文“Butnowadays,peopledonot___2___withthosewholiveclosetothemastheydiddecadesago.”存在因果关系。故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:因此,这些人现在过着更孤独的生活,他们生活在一个陌生人的社区。A.problems问题;B.challenges挑战;C.strangers陌生人;D.enemies敌人。根据前文“thesepeoplearenowlivinglonelierlives”可知,人们过着孤独的生活,社区里面都像是陌生人。故选C项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:首先,这个问题有几个原因,这可能有助于理解为什么会发生这种情况。A.custom风俗;B.attitude态度;C.issue问题;D.accident事故。基于前文分析可知,上一段主要讲述现在的邻里关系不像从前,社区里都像是陌生人一样,这是个社会关系问题。故选C项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:首先,这个问题有几个原因,这可能有助于理解为什么会发生这种情况。A.occurring发生;B.increasing增加;C.spreading传播;D.recovering恢复,康复。基于前文分析可知,现在的邻里关系不像从前,这是个社会关系问题,文章下面要分析几个原因,说明这个问题为什么会发生。故选A项。【32题详解】考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意:第一,人们的生活通常比过去更忙,因为他们有更多的工作要做,这导致与他们的同事而不是他们的邻居互动。A.quieter更安静;B.busier更忙;C.nicer更好;D.healthier更健康。根据后文“astheyhavemuchmoreworktodo”可知,人们生活比过去更忙。故选B项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:第一,人们的生活通常比过去更忙,因为他们有更多的工作要做,这导致与他们的同事而不是他们的邻居交往。A.colleagues同事;B.schoolmates同学;C.,instructors讲师;D.assistants助手。根据前文“astheyhavemuchmoreworktodo”可知,人们忙于工作,所以和同事交往更多。故选A项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:频繁的搬家使他们与当地居民的关系变得更加疏远。A.Traveling旅行;B.Appearing出现;C.Quarreling争吵;D.Moving移动,搬家。根据常识以及前文“thelivesofthegeneralpublicaremoremobilethesedays.”可知,住所的流动性,经常搬家,造成邻里之间关系疏远。故选D项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:最后,在某些情况下,邻居之间可能存在文化差异,这使得沟通几乎不存在。A.steps步骤;B.cases情况;C.methods方法;D.fields田地,领域。in…cases“在……情况下”是固定短语,符合句意。故选B项。【36题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意:尽管有这些问题原因,但也有一些解决方案,可能有助于处理这个问题。A.Despite尽管;B.Besides除了;C.Without没有;D.Beyond超越。后文“therearealsoanumberof___12___,whichmayhelpdealwiththisproblem”和前文“thesereasons”有转折关系。故选A项。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:尽管有这些原因,但也有一些解决方案,可能有助于处理这个问题。A.tools工具;B.conditions条件;C.decisions决策;D.solutions解决方案。根据后文“whichmayhelpdealwiththisproblem”以及“___18___,manydifferentsolutionsareavailabletohelpstartintroductionsandcommunication”可知,虽然有问题,但也有解决方案。故选D项。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:首先,地方委员会可以组织社区活动,改善当地人民之间的关系。A.choose选择;B.organize组织;C.change改变;D.discover发现。根据语境和前文“thelocalcouncil”和后文“communityevents,toimproverelationsbetweenlocalpeople”可知,此处指“组织社区活动”来改善人们关系。故选B项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:此外,人们应该自我介绍,邀请他们的邻居吃饭或休闲烧烤,以开始彼此的关系。A.introduce介绍;B.help帮助;C.entertain招待;D.forgive原谅。根据常识以及后文“themselves”以及“___18___,manydifferentsolutionsareavailabletohelpstart,introductionsandcommunication”可知,在交往的时候,人们应该先做自我介绍。故选A项。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:此外,人们应该自我介绍,邀请他们的邻居吃饭或休闲烧烤,以开始彼此的关系。A.describe描述;B.show展示;C.start开始;D.understand理解。基于前文的分析以及后文“___18___,manydifferentsolutionsareavailabletohelpstartintroductionsandcommunication”可知,人们自我介绍,邀请吃饭,开始交流。故选C项。【41题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:最后,外来的人应该参加当地的委员会会议,这样社区成员就有机会相互交流。A.foreign外国的,外来的;B.local本地的;C.old老的;D.smart聪明的。根据语境和后文“attendlocalcouncilmeetings”可知,此处指外来人应该参加当地会议,foreign和local相对应。故选A项。【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:最后,外来的人应该参加当地的委员会会议,这样社区成员就有机会相互交流。A.stars明星;B.workers工人;C.members成员;D.leaders领导者。根据常识及后文“ofthecommunity”可知,此处指“社区成员”相互交流。故选C项。【43题详解】考查介词固定短语词义辨析。句意:总之,有许多不同的解决方案可以帮助开始邻里之间的介绍和交流,如社区活动、在家中的社交聚会和委员会会议。A.Atbest充其量;B.Onpurpose故意;C.Forexample例如;D.Inconclusion结论,总之。根据前文(上一段中)“Firstofall”、“Moreover”以及“Finally”可知,此处是对上文的总结。故选D项。【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:总之,有许多不同的解决方案可以帮助开始邻里之间的介绍和交流,如社区活动、在家中的社交聚会和委员会会议。A.friends朋友;B.neighbors邻居;C.guests客人;D.relatives亲戚。根据前文“Andtherewasaneedto___1___one’sneighbors.”以及后文“Whataboutspendingnextweekendwithyourneighborsinyourbackyard?”可知,此处neighbors和前后文词汇重现,以上给出的解决方案是要解决邻里之间的关系的。故选B项。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:在我看来,这是由个人首先做的事情。A.family家庭;B.community社区;C.government政府;D.individual个人。根据语境以及后文“Whataboutspendingnextweekendwithyourneighborsinyourbackyard?”可知,作者建议,搞好邻里关系,从我做起,,从个人做起。故选D项。第II卷非选择题(共40分)第四部分语篇填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。RobotteachersarenowverypopularwithpupilsinsomeprimaryschoolsinSouthKorea.Comparedwithhumanteachers,therobotteachersare____46____(patient).Theynevergetangryandarealwayskindtothestudents.That’s____47____thechildrencanalwaysgetonwellwiththeirrobotteachers.SomeEnglishteachingrobots____48____(send)tothreeprimaryschoolsforeightweekslastDecember.____49____(equip)withamicrophoneandavideocamera,therobotsteachstudentsasteachers.ResearchersfoundthattheEnglish-teachingrobotshelpedraisestudents’interestinthelanguageandbuilduptheir____50____(confident).Moreandmorestudentscametolikestudyingandtheygotbettergradesinexams.Meanwhile,otherrobotteachers,____51____canteachmath,scienceandart,havealsobeendeveloped.Manythinktheserobotteachersshouldbeused____52____farawayvillageschoolssothatthechildrentherecanalsoreceive____53____goodeducation.____54____(give)ruralschoolchildrenmorelearningchances,theSouthKoreangovernmenthasexpressedgreatinterestindevelopingtheserobots.Nodoubttherewillbemoreandmorerobotteachersworkingwithstudents.Perhapstheywill____55____(complete)replacehumanteachersonedayinthefuture.Whoknows?【答案】46.morepatient47.why48.weresent49.Equipped50.confidence51.which52.in##at53.a54.Togive55.completely【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,目前机器人教师在韩国很受一些小学生的欢迎,文章分析了机器人老师的优势以及机器人教师未来的发展前景。,【详解】1.考查比较级。句意:与人类教师相比较,机器人教师更耐心。根据“Comparedwithhumanteachers”可知是把人类教师和机器人教师进行了比较,要使用比较级形式,故填morepatient。2.考查表语从句。句意:这就是为什么孩子总是能和机器人教师相处得很好的原因。本句中why引导表语从句解释机器人教师受学生欢迎的原因,why在句中做状语,故填why。3.考查时态语态。句意:去年12月份几个英语教学机器人被送到了三所小学八个星期。根据时间状语lastDecember可知,本句叙述过去发生的事情,要使用一般过去,且主语English-teachingrobots与动词send构成被动关系,所以使用一般过去时的被动语态形式,故填weresent。4.考查非谓语动词。句意:装备有麦克风和视频相机,这些机器人像老师一样教学生。分析可知,逗号前的内容为状语,句子主语therobots与动词equip为动宾关系,所以要用过去分词形式。因处于句首,所以首字母大写。故填Equipped。5.考查名词。句意:研究人员发现英语教学机器人帮助提高学生对语言的兴趣并建立他们的自信。本句中应该使用名词做动词短语buildup的宾语。形容词confident的名词是confidence,抽象名词,不可数。故填confidence。6.考查定语从句。句意:与此同时,其他能够教数学科学和艺术的机器人也已经被开发出来了。定语从句的先行词是otherrobotteachers,后面非限制性定语从句中缺少主语,要使用关系代词which指代先行词并在句中做主语。故填which。7.考查介词。句意:很多人认为这些机器人老师应该在偏远的村庄里被使用,这样那里的孩子也可以接受良好的教育。介词短语in/atthevillage,意为“在村子里”。故填in/at。8.考查冠词。句意同上。education“教育”为不可数名词,此处指通过使用机器人,使这些偏远地方的孩子可以享受一个好的教育,指具体的事情,即抽象名词具体化,所以成为了可数名词,因而前面应加上不定冠词,且good的发音是辅音音素开头,应用a。故填a。9.考查不定式。句意:为了给农村学校的孩子更多学习的机会,在开发此类机器人方面韩国政府已经表示了很大的兴趣。j结合句意可知,应用不定式在句中做目的状语。故填Togive。10考查副词。句意:也许未来的某一天他们会彻底代替人类教师。本句中副词completely在句中做状语修饰动词replace。故填completely。第五部分写作(共两节,满分25分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)56.假定在英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文。请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共,有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改l0处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。Apartfrommymother,I’vebeenveryluckytohavingtwoteacherswhohavefundamentalinfluencesonmylife.Oneofthemwasmyfirstpianoteachers.Shereallygotmeinterestinginplayingthepianoandmadeahugeimpressioninmeataveryearlyage.Shehelpedmetolearnthebasictechniquesanddevelopunderstandingoftheinstrument.Then,whenIwas16,Istartstudyingwithmysecondinspirationalteacher.HemademetoomuchmoreconfidentandencouragedmetoentercompetitionsevenwhenIfeltcertainandunconfidentaboutdoingthis.Hehadenormousfaithinus,anditwasthis,morethananythingelse,whichinspiredmetomakemusicmycareer.【答案】1.having→have2.teachers→teacher3.interesting→interested4.in→on5.understanding前加an6.start→started7.删除too8.certain→uncertain9.us→me10.which→that【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者向我们介绍了对自己影响很大的两位老师及具体事例。【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。句意:除了我的母亲,我很幸运有两位老师对我的生活产生了根本性的影响。短语:beluckytotosth.意为“做某事是幸运的。”,此处to为不定式,所以having改为have。故having改为have。2.考查名词复数。句意:其中的一位是我的第一个钢琴老师。根据句中Oneofthem,可知此处指一位老师,所以teacher要用单数。故teachers改为teacher。,3.考查形容词。句意:她让我对弹钢琴很感兴趣,并在我很小的时候就给我留下了深刻的印象。interesting“有趣的”修饰物;interested“感兴趣的”修饰人。此处指她使我对弹钢琴感兴趣,修饰She用interested,故interesting改为interested。4.考查固定短语。句意同上。固定短语:make…impressiononsb.“给某人留下……印象”是固定短语,故in改为on。5.考查冠词。句意:她帮助我学习了基本的技巧,并加深了对乐器的理解。此处understanding是可数名词,表示一种理解。understanding开头是元音音标用an,故understanding前加an。6.考查时态。句意:然后,当我16岁的时候,我开始和我的第二个鼓舞人心的老师学习。根据时间状语whenIwas16可知时态应用一般过去时,故start改为started。7.考查副词。句意:他让我变得更加自信,鼓励我参加比赛,即使我对这样做感到不确定和不自信。toomuch“太多”,此处指他使我更自信,指程度,比较级前可以加much来表示程度,所以此处删除too。故删除too。8.考查形容词。句意同上。根据句中and后的unconfident可知,此处的形容词应与其表示并列,意义上应为近义词,指我对参加比赛感到不确定和没信心,故certain改为uncertain。9.考查代词。句意:他对我非常有信心,正是这一点,启发了我,让音乐成为我的事业。短语:havefaithonsb.“相信某人”,sb.此处为宾语,结合句子可知,这里指老师对我有信心,I的宾格me。故us改为me。10.考查强调句。句意同上。分析可知,本句使用了强调句型,结构为:itwas+被强调部分+that+其他,所以此处应用that引导,故which改为that。第二节书面表达(满分15分)57.在学校组织的“感动校园人物”评选活动中,你班经过讨论,决定推荐李华参加评选。请按以下要求写一篇80-100字左右的文章。内容包括:1.推荐李华的理由;2.例举1-2个事例。注意:文章开头已经给出,不计入总词数Afteraheateddiscussion,ourclasshasdecidedtorecommend(推荐)LiHuaastheTouchingFigureOnCampus.【答案】Afteraheateddiscussion,ourclasshasdecidedtorecommendLiHuaastheTouching,FigureOnCampus.Wehaveeveryreasontobelieveheisqualifiedforthehonor.First,LiHuaisalwayswillingtoofferushelpwhenevernecessary.Besides,hisgreatdevotiontoworkasmonitormakesourclassabestplacetostudyin.However,whathasimpressedusmostishisunconditionallovetopoorchildren.Lastsummervacation,hevolunteeredtoteachEnglishinasmallvillage,whichhasinspiredmanyotherstudentstojoininandthushelpedopenupanewworldtothosechildrenaswell.Allinall,hisselflesslovetouchesourheartandhisactionsuggeststhatevensmalleffortscanmakeadifferencetothoseinneed.Therefore,westronglysupportLiHuaastheTouchingFigureOnCampus.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。要求考生写一封信推荐李华参加“感动校园人物”评选活动。【详解】1.词汇积累给某人提供某物:providesth.forsb.→offersb.sth.此外:additionally→besides鼓励:encourage→inspire参加:participatein→joinin2.句型拓展简单句变复合句原句:Wehaveeveryreasontobelieveheisqualifiedforthehonor.拓展句:Thereasonswhywebelieveheisqualifiedforthehonorareasfollows.【点睛】[高分句型1]Wehaveeveryreasontobelieveheisqualifiedforthehonor.(句中运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句)[高分句型2]However,whathasimpressedusmostishisunconditionallovetopoorchildren.(句中运用了what引导主语从句)