兰州一中2022-2022-1高三年级12月月考英语本试卷分为第I卷（选择题卷）和第II卷（非选择题卷）。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。第I卷第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题，每题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳答案。AMostofusareexpectinghigh-qualitycustomerserviceinourdailylife,butactuallyenjoyingahappypurchaseiseasiersaidthandone. Shoppersseldomcomplaintothemanagerorownerofaretailstore,butinsteadtheywillalerttheirfriends,relatives,co-workers,strangers—andanyonewhowilllisten. Storemanagersareoftenthelasttohearcomplaints,andoftenfindoutonlywhentheirregularcustomersdecidetofrequenttheircompetitors,accordingtoastudyjointlyconductedbyVerdeGroupandWhartonSchool. “Storytellinghurtsretailersandentertainsconsumers,”saidPaulaCourtney,PresidentoftheVerdeGroup.“Thestorelosesthecustomer,buttheshoppermustalsofindareplacement.” Onaverage,everyunhappycustomerwillcomplaintoatleastfourothers,andwillnolongervisitthespecificstore.Foreverydissatisfiedcustomer,astorewillloseuptothreemoreduetonegativereview.Theresulting“snowballeffect”canbedisastroustoretailers. Accordingtotheresearch,shopperswhopurchasedclothingencounteredthemostproblems.Rankedsecondandthirdweregroceryandelectroniccustomers. Themostcommoncomplaintsincludefilledparkinglots,cluttered(塞满了的)shelves,overloadedracks,out-of-stockitems,longcheck-outlines,andrudesalespeople.Duringpeakshoppinghours,someretailerssolvedparkingproblemsbygettingmoonlighting(业余兼职的)localpolicetoworkasparkingattendants.Somehiredflagwaverstodirectcustomerstoemptyparkingspaces.Thisguidanceeliminatedtheneedforcustomerstocircletheparkinglotendlessly,andavoidedconfrontationbetweenthoseeyeingthesameparkingspace. Retailerscanrelievetheheadachesbyredesigningstorelayouts,pre-stockingsalesitems,hiringspeedyandexperiencedcashiers,andhavingsalesrepresentativesonhandtoanswerquestions. Mostimportantly,salespeopleshouldbediplomaticandpolitewithangrycustomers.“Retailerswho’reresponsiveandfriendlyaremorelikelytosmoothoverissuesthanthosewhoaren’tsofriendly,”saidProfessorStephenHoch.“Maybesomethingassimpleasagreeteratthestoreentrancewouldhelp.”Customerscanalsoimprovefutureshoppingexperiencesbyfilingcomplaintsto11theretailer,insteadofcomplainingtotherestoftheworld.Retailersarehard-pressedtoimprovewhentheyhavenoideawhatiswrong.1.Whyarestoremanagersoftenthelasttohearcomplaints? A.Mostcustomerswon’tbothertocomplaineveniftheyhavehadunhappyexperiences. B.Customershavenoeasyaccesstostoremanagers. C.Fewcustomersbelievetheservicewillbeimproved. D.Customerswouldratherrelatetheirunhappyexperiencestopeoplearoundthem.2.WhatdoesPaulaimplybysaying“theshoppermustalsofindareplacement”(Para.4)A.Newcustomersareboundtoreplaceoldones.B.Moststoresprovidethesamekindofservice. C.Notcomplainingtomanagercausestheshoppersometroubletoo. D.Itisnotlikelytheshoppercanfindthesameproductsinotherstores.3.Shopownersoftenhiremoonlightingpoliceasparkingattendantssothatshoppers________. A.canstaylongerbrowsinginthestoreB.won’thavetroubleparkingtheircars C.won’thaveanyworrieraboutsecurityD.canfindtheircarseasilyaftershopping4.Whatcontributesmosttosmoothingoverissueswithcustomers? A.Designofstorelayout.B.Hiringofefficientemployees C.Hugesupplyofgoodsforsale.D.Mannersofthesalespeople.5.Toachievebettershoppingexperiences,customersareadvisedto________. A.exertpressureonstorestoimprovetheirservice B.voicetheirdissatisfactiontostoremanagersdirectlyC.settletheirdisputeswithstoresinadiplomaticD.shoparoundandmakecomparisonsbetweenstoresBTheworld'sfirsthamburgerdoesn'tcomefromwhereyouthinkitcomesfrom.Itwasn'tinventedintheUnitedStates,anditdidn'toriginateinGermany.No,theworld'sfirsthamburgercomesfromChina.Ifyou'rescratchingyourheadrightnow,you'renotalone.ButChinesehamburgersareveryrealandtheydefinitelypredatethehamburgerswecallourownintheU.S.Knownasroujiamo,whichtranslatesto"meatburger"or"meatsandwich",theyconsistofchoppedmeatinsideapita-likebun,andthey'vebeenaroundsincetheQinDynasty,fromabout221BCto207BC.DespitethedifferencesbetweenthisChinesestreetfoodandourAmerican-styleburgers,theroujiamohasbeencalledtheworld'sfirsthamburger.TheroujiamooriginatedintheShanxiProvinceofChina,andisnoweatenalloverthecountry.It'stypicallypreparedandeatenonthestreet.Thedoughforthebun,ormo,consistsofasimplemixtureofwheatflour,waterandmaybeyeast.Ofcourserecipesmayvary,butthisbasicequationmakesforachewyandsubtle11pillowforthedeliciousfilling.Whilethemoistraditionallybakedinaclayoven,todayit'softenfriedinapan.TheymaylookalittlelikeChinesesteamedbunsorbaozi,butthedoughforthoseare,ofcourse,steamed,notbakedorfried.Themeatfillingmightconsistofchoppedpork,beef,lamborchickenthathasbeenstewedwithavarietyofspices,likeginger,cloves,corianderandstaranise.Youmightalsofindherbslikecilantroorgreenslikelettucegarnishingthesandwich.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean?A.noodleB.foodC.breadD.beverage7.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Themopeopleeattodayisbakedinaclayoven.B.Theworld'sfirsthamburgerwhichwasoriginatedintheShanxiProvinceofChinaispopulararoundtheworld.C.Theroujiamohasahistoryofmorethan2200years.D.TheroujiamoandAmerican-styleburgersshareasimilarcookingprocess.8.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.DelicioushamburgerB.HowtocookhamburgerC.ChineseinventedhamburgerD.HistoryofhamburgerCSingles'Day----theChineseoppositeofValentine’sDayhasturnedintoamassiveonlineshoppingevent.Itisadaywhensinglepeoplearesupposedtobuythemselvespresents.ButtherearesociologicalreasonsbehindChina's“celebration”ofsinglelife.Andtheimbalancecouldhavebigconsequencesforthecountry.Therewere34millionmorementhanwomeninChinain2022.Partofthatisnatural–usuallythereare105boysbornforevery100girls.ButtheChinesegenderratio(性别比例)atbirthismuchmoreobvious.Itwas116boysto100girlsin2022.Theonechildpolicyislargelytoblame.Broughtintolimitpopulationexpansion,thepolicyallowsonlyonechildperfamily.Butbecausemalechildrenareseenasmorevaluable,aswellasmorelikelytosupporttheirparentsinoldage,someparentschoosetohaveasonoveradaughter.Theresultisthatlargenumbersofmenwilllikelynevergetmarried.Infact,onestudyhaspredictedthatby2030,1in5Chinesemenintheir30swillneverhavemarried,whileanotherstatesthat94%ofunmarriedpeopleinChinaaremen.Traditionally,Chinahasseenhighlevelsofmarriage,usuallyamongtheyoung.Besides,theincreasededucationandcareeropportunitiesforwomenhavemeantthatmarriagesarehappeninglater.Itisalsotraditionalthatwomenoftenmarrymenofahighersocioeconomicstatusthanthemselves.Sowomenatthetopandmenatthebottomfindthemselvesalone.Onestudyhasevensuggestedalinkbetweenanimbalancedgenderratioandgrowthinviolentcrimeinthecountry.Singles’Daycan’tsolvealltheproblemsChina’ssinglesface.Indeed,itispossiblethatitiscausingevenmoreproblems,asmenresorttoincreasinglyriskylinesofworktoincreasetheirchancesofgainingmoneyandthusawife.Iamworriedthatasmoneystartstoovercomeromance,thereisevidencethatChina11'smarriagemarketisincreasinglymaterialistic.9.In2022,if50girlswereborn,howmanyboyswereprobablyborn?A.50.B.52.C.58.D.60.10.WhatmadewomeninChinagetmarriedlate?A.Theirsupportofthegovernment’slatemarriagepolicy.B.Theirhighereducationlevelandmoreworkchances.C.Thattheyexpecttoenjoytheirsingletimewhenyoung.D.Thattherearetoomanyexcellentyoungmentochoosefrom.11.What’sthewriter’sattitudetotheimbalancegenderratioinChina?A.OptimisticB.ConcernedC.IndifferentD.Unknown12.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.A.Singles'Dayiscelebratedallovertheworld.B.by2030,1in5Chinesewomenintheir30swillbeoutofmarriage.C.animbalancedgenderratioisrelatedtothegrowthinviolentcrime.D.Singles'DaywillsolvealltheproblemsChina’ssinglesface.DWhilesomescientistsoverlooktheexistenceofasixthsensefordanger,anewresearchfromWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louishasdiscoveredabrainareathatclearlyactsasanearlywarningsystemandhelpsusadjustourbehaviortoavoiddangeroussituations."Ourbrainsarebetteratpickingupnotobviouswarningsignsthanwepreviouslythought,"saidJoshuaBrown,aPhDinpsychologyintheissueofthejournalScience.ThefindingsofferexactscientificevidenceforanewwaytoformaconceptofthecomplexcontrolprocessestakingplaceinandaroundtheACC,abrainarealocatednearthetopofthefrontallobes(耳垂)andalongthewallsthatdividetheleftandrighthemispheres(大脑半球)."Inthepast,wefoundactivityintheACCwhenpeoplehadtomakeadifficultdecision,oraftertheymakeamistake,"Brownsaid."Butnowwefindthatthisbrainareacanactuallylearntorecognizewhenyoumightmakeamistake,evenbeforeadifficultdecisionhastobemade.SotheACCappearstoactasanearlywarningsystem——itlearnstowarnusinadvancewhenourbehaviormightleadtoanegativeoutcome,sothatwecanbemorecarefulandavoidmakingamistake."Byprovidingaclearerpicturebywhichweselfmonitorandcontrolourbehavior,thestudyisanimportantstepineffortstodevelopmoreeffectivetreatmentsformentalillnesses.Italsoprovidesanewwayofunderstandinginappropriatebehaviorsthatoftenaccompanymentalillnesses."OurresultssuggesthowinjuryoftheACCcanleadtobreakdownsintheearlywarningsystem,sothatthebrainfailstostoporcontrolinappropriatebehavioraheadoftime,"saidBrown."Ontheotherhand,inthosepersonswithmentaldisorder,theACCmightwarnusofanupcomingproblemevenwhennoproblemisintheexistence."Knowntobeanimportantpartofthebrain'scontrolsystem,theACCisbelievedtohelpadjustbetweencold,hard,fact-basedreasoningandemotionalresponses,suchaslove,fearorexpectation.1113.Accordingtothepassage,theACC____________.A.referstothesixthsensefordangerB.dealswithobviouswarningsituationsC.connectstheleftandrighthemispheresD.sendswarningmessagesinadvance14.Thenewresearchisbeneficialbecauseit________.A.providesanewwayofavoidingmistakesB.adjustsemotionalresponsesintimeofdangerC.helpsfindbettertreatmentsformentalillnessesD.assistspeopleinpredictingandavoidingdanger15.Thenewresearchhelpsusunderstand_________.A.whywearelikelytomakemistakeswhentheACCisbadlyinjuredB.whypeoplewithillnessesusuallyhavesomanystrangebehaviorsC.howtheACCworkswhensomethingdangeroushappensD.howourbrainwarnsusoffailureinadvance第二节（共5小题，每题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，选出最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Americanblackbearsappearinavarietyofcolorsdespitetheirname.Intheeasternpartoftheirrange,mostofthesebearshaveshinyblackfur,butinthewesttheygrowbrown,red,orevenyellowcoats.16Eveninthesamelitter(一窝幼崽）,bothbrownandblackfurredbearsmaybeborn.BlackbearsarethesmallestofallAmericanbears,ranginginlengthfromfivetosixfeet,weighingfromthreehundredtofivehundredpounds.1718However,ifattacked,mostcanclimbtreesandcovergroundatgreatspeeds.Whenangryorfrightened,theyareformidableenemies.Blackbearsfeedonleaves,herbs,fruit,berries,insects,fish,andevenlargeranimals.19Unlikesquirrels,woodchucks,andmanyotherwoodlandanimals,bearsdonotactuallyhibernate.Althoughthebeardoesnoteatduringthewintermonths,sustainingitselffrombodyfat,itstemperatureremainsalmostnormal,anditbreathesregularlyfourorfivetimesperminute.20Theyprefertoliveincaves.BabyblackbearsareborninJanuaryorFebruaryafteragestation(怀孕)periodofsixtoninemonths,andtheystaywiththeirmotheruntiltheyarefullygrownoraboutoneandahalfyearsold.Blackbearscanliveaslongasthirtyyearsinthewild,andevenlongerinsomenaturereserves.A.Tothenorth,theblackbearisactuallygrayorwhiteincolor.B.BlackbearsmateallyearroundC.Oneofthemostinterestingcharacteristicsofbears,includingtheblackbear,istheirwintersleep.D.Likeallbears,theblackbearistimid,clumsy,andrarelydangerous.E.Bearsofteneatalotoffoodbeforetheyhibernateintheircaves.F.Mostblackbearslivealone,exceptduringmatingseason.G.Theireyesandearsaresmallandtheireyesightandhearingarenotasgoodastheirsenseofsmell.11第二部分完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳答案。Onceupon,thereweretwotravelingangelswhostoppedtospendthenightinthehomeofawealthyfamily.Thefamilywasimpoliteand21tolettheangelsstayintheguestroom.Instead,theangelsweregivenaspaceinthe22undergroundroom.Asthey23theirbedonthehardfloor,theolderangelsawaholeinthe24andrepairedit.Whentheyoungerangelaskedwhy,theolderangel25,"Thingsaren'talwayswhattheyseem."Thenextnightthepaircametorestatthehouseofavery26,butverykindfarmerandhiswife.27sharingwhatlittlefoodtheyhad,thecouplelettheangelssleepintheirbed28theycouldhaveagoodnight'srest.Whenthesuncameupthenextmorning,theangelsfoundthefarmerandhiswifein29.Theironlycow,whosemilkhadbeentheironlyincome,lay30inthefield.Theyoungerangelwasveryangryandaskedtheolderangel,"Howcouldthis31?Whydidyounotwatchoutforthecow?Thefirstmanhad32,yetyouwatchedoverhishouse,"sheaccused."Thesecondfamilyhadlittlebutwas33toshareeverything,andyoudidnothelp.""Thingsaren'talwayswhattheyseem,"theolderangelreplied."Whenwe34intheundergroundroom,Inoticedtherewasgold35inthatholeinthewall.Sincetheownerwassogreedyandunwillingto36hisgoodfortune,IaskedGodifIcould37thewallsohecouldn'tfindit.Thenlastnightaswesleptinthefarmer'sbed,theangelofdeathcameforhiswife.IaskedGodiftheangelcouldtakethecow38.Yousee,thingsaren'talwayswhattheyseem."Sometimesthisisexactlywhathappenswhenthingsdon’t39thewaytheyshould.Youneedto40thateveryoutcomeisalwaystoyouradvantage.Youmightnotknowituntilsometimelater.21.A.decided B. preferred C.agreed D.refused22.A.cool B.cold C.warm D.comfortable23.A. made B. set C.fixed D.decorated24.A.ground B.ceiling C. wall D.window25.A.screamed B.spoke C.sang D.replied26.A.rich B.poor C.lucky D.fortunate27.A.Before B.11Since C.After D.When28.A.where B.what C.why D.which29.A. sweat B.tears C.power D.danger30.A.happy B.disappointed C.alive D.dead31.A.appear B.happenC.run D.operate32.A.something B.nothing C.none D.everything33.A.willing B.reluctant C.disgusting D.surprising34.A.parked B.camped C.stayed D.remained35.A.stored B.stolen C.robbed D.picked36.A.divide B.show C.share D.Separate37.A. crash B.erase C.smash D.seal38.A.instead B.beyond C.away D.aside39.A.turnin B.turnout C.turnto D.turnoff40.A.hope B.wish C.trust D.suppose第II卷第三部分英语知识运用（共三节，满分50分）第一节在短文空白处填写适当的词（每空不多余3个词）或所给词的正确形式。（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）Sixmenhavebeentrappedinamineforseventeenhours.Iftheyarenotbroughttothesurfacesoontheymaylosetheir41(life).However,rescueoperationsare42(prove)difficult.Ifexplosivesareused,vibrationswillcausetheroofofthemine43(collapse).Rescueworkersarethereforedrillingahole11onthenorthsideofthemine.Theyintendtobringthemenupin44specialcapsule.45therehadnotbeenahardlayerofrockbeneaththesoil,theywouldhavecompletedthejobinafewhours.Asitis,theyhavebeendrillingforsixteenhoursandtheystillhavealongwaytogo.Meanwhile,amicrophone,which46(low)intotheminetwohoursago,hasenabledthementokeepintouchwiththeclosestrelatives.Thoughtheyarerunningoutoffood47drink,themenare48(cheer)andconfidentthattheywillgetoutsoon.Theyhavebeentoldthatrescueoperationsareprogressing49(smooth).Iftheyknewhowdifficultitwastodrill50thehardrock,theywouldloseheart.第二节短文改错第三节书面表达（满分25分）下面的饼状图反映了某校高中生课余活动调查结果，请根据图表信息一篇100字左右的作文。第一段已给出。兰州一中2022-2022-1高三年级12月月考英语答题卡得分：12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940第三部分第一节语法填空（共10题，每题1.5分，共15分）41.42.43.44.45.46.47.48.40.50.第二节短文改错（共10题，每题1分，共10分）下文中共有10处错误，每句最多两处，错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。11增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（︿），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：删除多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下画横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，从11处起不计分。IfyouadmittedtoanuniversityinChina,regardlessbywhateveryouchooseasyourmajor,there'sonecompulsorycoursethatyoucannotavoidit:English.ThefactiswhatyoucanprobablymissattendingEnglishclasseswhenothercoursearetaught,butyou'dbettertakeEnglishserious.FailinginthenationalCollegeEnglishTest,youmaynotbeabletosecureyouBachelor'sdegree,evenifyouhaveyourownmajordoingwell.Eachstudentlearnaforeignlanguage,mostlyEnglish,fromDayOneoftheircompulsoryeducation.Suchpolicyhasbeeninplacesincethenation'sreformandopeningupintheearly1980s.第三节书面表达Thepiechartrevealsthesurveyresultconcerningtheafter-schoolactivitiesthehighschoolstudentsprefer._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________11_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________11英语答案阅读理解：1-5DCBAB6-8CCC9-12CBBC13-15DCA16-20AGDCF完形填空：21-25DBACD26-30BCABD31-35BDACA36-40CDABC语法填空：41.lives42.proving43.tocollapse44.a45.If46.waslowered47.and48.cheerful49.smoothly50.through短文改错:第一行：51.在admitted前加are52.an改成a53.by改成of第二行：54.删除it55.what改成that第三行：56.courses复数57.serious改成seriously第四行：58.you改成your第五行：59.doing改成done第六行：60.learn改成learns书面表达：Thepiechartrevealsthesurveyresultconcerningtheafter-schoolactivitiesthehighschoolstudentsprefer.Itisevidentthatmoststudentsgototutoringclassesafterschool,accountingfor36%ofall.Meanwhile,24%ofstudentsprefertodosomesports,suchasplayingbasketballorfootball.Incontrast,lessstudentschoosewatchingTVandsurfingtheinternet,whichmakesupof15%and13%respectively.Inaddition,thereareonly12%ofstudentswholiketodootheractivities.Inshort,mostofthestudentsgototutoringclassesanddosomesportsafterschool.11
