综合评估检测（三）选修7、8(120分钟135分)Ⅰ.语言知识及应用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意．然后从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。Fromchildhoodtooldage,wealluselanguageasameansofbroadeningourknowledgeofourselvesandtheworldaroundus.Whenhumansfirst1,theywerelikenewbornchildren,unabletousethis2tool.Yetoncelanguagedeveloped,thepossibilitiesforhumankind’sfuture3andculturalgrowthincreased.Manylinguistsbelievethatevolutionis4forourabilitytoproduceanduselanguage.They5thatourhighlyevolvedbrainprovidesuswithaninnatelanguageabilitynotfoundinlower6.Proponentsofthisinnatenesstheorysaythatour7forlanguageisinborn,butthatlanguageitselfdevelopsgradually,asafunctionofthegrowthofthebrainduringchildhood.Thereforetherearecritical8timesforlanguagedevelopment.Current9ofinnatenesstheoryaremixed,however,evidencesupportingtheexistenceofsomeinnateabilitiesisundeniable.Indeed,moreandmoreschoolsarediscoveringthatforeignlanguagesarebesttaughtinthelowergrades.Youngchildrenoftencanlearnseverallanguagesbybeing10tothem,whileadultshaveamuchhardertimelearninganotherlanguageoncethe11oftheirfirstlanguagehavebecomefirmlyfixed.Althoughsomeaspectsoflanguageareundeniablyinnate,languagedoesnotdevelopautomaticallyinavacuum.Childrenwhohavebeen12fromotherhumanbeingsdonotpossesslanguage.Thisdemonstratesthat13withotherhumanbeingsisnecessaryforproperlanguagedevelopment.Somelinguistsbelievethatthisisevenmorebasictohumanlanguage14thananyinnatecapacities.Thesetheoristsviewlanguageasimitative,learnedbehavior.15,childrenlearnlanguagefromtheirparentsbyimitatingthem.Parentsgraduallyshapetheirchildren’slanguageskillsbypositivelyreinforcingpreciseimitationsandnegativelyreinforcingimpreciseones.1.A.generatedB.evolvedC.bornD.originated-17-2.A.valuableB.appropriateC.convenientD.favorite3.A.attainmentsB.feasibilityC.entertainmentsD.evolution4.A.essentialB.availableC.reliableD.responsible5.A.confirmB.informC.claimD.convince6.A.organizationsB.organismsC.humansD.children7.A.potentialB.performanceC.preferenceD.passion8.A.ideologicalB.biologicalC.socialD.psychological9.A.reviewsB.referencesC.reactionsD.recommendations10.A.revealedB.exposedC.engagedD.involved11.A.regulationsB.formationsC.rulesD.constitutions12.A.distinguishedB.dividedC.protectedD.isolated13.A.expositionB.comparisonC.contrastD.interaction14.A.acquisitionB.appreciationC.requirementD.alternative15.A.AsaresultB.AfterallC.InotherwordsD.Aboveall第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Intoday’scompetitiveworld,theabilitytoworkhappilywithotherpeopleisagoodwayofmarkingyourselfoutfromeverybody16.Whileteamworkmayofferthechancetoblameothers17yourmistakes,youcanneverblame18foryourfailingsasateammate.Gettoknowoneanother,soyoucanbuildupagroupandcombineyouradvantages.Findouteachother’svalues,weaknesses,andpast19(achieve).Don’tshyawayfromdisagreements20workouthow21(deal)withthem.Humorcanbeagoodway,sohavealaughtogether.Beforegettingdowntobusiness,it’simportanttoestablishgroundrules.First,makesureyouallsharethesameideaoftime.Will9:30ammeetingstakeplaceatmidday?Then,workouthowyouaregoingtomakedecisions.Theseareprobably22(well)madeataformalmeetingandcommunicatedbye-mail.Youmustalsoagreewithyourteammate23willberesponsibleformakingdecisions.Evenifyouhavedecided24decisionsdon’thavetobeagreedon,itis-17-importantthateveryteammember25(keep)active.Ⅱ.阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)(A)Aweathermapisanimportanttoolforgeographers.Asuccessionofthreeorfourmapspresentsthecontinuouspictureofweatherchanges.Weatherforecastersareabletodeterminethespeedofairmassesandfronts(锋)todeterminewhetheranindividualpressureareaisdeepeningorbecomingshallowandwhetherafrontisincreasingordecreasinginintensity(强度).Theyarealsoabletodeterminewhetheranairmassisretainingitsoriginalcharacteristicsortakingonthoseofthesurfaceoverwhichitismoving.Thus,amostsignificantfunctionofthemapistorevealasummarypictureofconditionsintheatmosphereatagiventime.Allstudentsofgeographyshouldbeabletointerpretaweathermapaccurately.Weathermapscontainanenormousamountofinformationaboutweatherconditionsexistingatthetimeofobservationoveralargegeographicalarea.Theyrevealinafewminuteswhatotherwisewouldtakehourstodescribe.TheUnitedStatesWeatherBureauissuesinformationaboutapproachingstorms，floods,frostsandallclimaticconditionsingeneral.Twiceamonthitissuesa30-day“outlook”whichisaroughguidetoweatherconditionslikelytooccuroverbroadareasoftheUnitedStates.These30-dayoutlooksarebaseduponananalysisoftheupperairlevelswhichoftensetthestagefordevelopmentofairmasses,frontsandstorms.Considerableeffortisbeingexertedtodaytoachievemoreaccurateweatherpredictions,withidentifyingandtrackingstormsoverregionswhichhavebutfewmeteorological(气象学的)stations.Extensiveexperimentsarealsoinprogressforweathermodificationstudies.26.OnecharacteristicofweathermapsNOTmentionedbytheauthorinthispassageis_______.A.floodsB.frontsC.temperaturechangesD.frosts27.Thethirty-dayforecastisdeterminedbyexamining_______.A.dailyweathermapsB.upperairlevels-17-C.satellitereportsD.changingfronts28.Theobservationofweatherconditionsbysatelliteishelpfulbecauseit_______.A.ismodernB.useselectronicinstrumentsC.makesweatherpredictioneasierD.showsthingsthatwouldotherwisetakehourstodescribeinafewminutes29.Aweathermapisasummarybecauseit_______.A.sumsupagreatdealofinformationB.appearsdailyC.showschangingfrontsD.isasciencebook30.Youmaypossiblyreadthisarticlein_______.A.amagazineB.newspaperC.anovelD.asciencebook(B)［2022揭阳模拟］InWesterncountriespeoplehavebeenusingtheinstallment(分期付款)plansincethefirsthalfofthetwentiethcentury.Today,alargenumberoffamiliesinGreatBritainbuyfurniture,householdgoodsandcarsbyinstallments.IntheU.S.A.,thefigureismuchhigherthanthatinGreatBritain,andpeopletherespendover10percentoftheirincomeontheinstallmentplan.Thepriceofanarticleboughtoninstallmentsisalwayshigherthanthepricethatwouldbepaidbycash.Thereisachargeforinterest.Thebuyerpaysonequarteroronethirdofthepriceasadownpayment(预付定金)whenthegoodsaredeliveredtohim.Hethenmakesregularpayments,weeklyormonthly,untilthefullpriceispaidup.Thelegalownershipofthegoodsremainswiththeselleruntilthefinalpaymenthasbeenmade.Installmentbuyinghasadvantagesanddisadvantages.Itcanhelpcoupleswithsmallincomestofurnishtheirhomesandstarthousekeeping.Itincreasesthedemandforgoods,andinthiswayhelpsbusinessandemployment.Thereis,however,thedangerthatwhenbusinessisbad,installmentbuyingmayendsuddenly,makingbusinessmuchworse.Thismayresultinagreatincreaseinunemployment.Ifthepeopleontheinstallmentplanlosetheirjobs,theywillprobably-17-notbeabletomaketheirpayments.Ifgreatnumbersofpeoplearenotabletopaytheirinstallmentdebts,thereisapossibilitythatbusinessmencannotcollecttheirdebtsandwillthereforelosemoney.Ifbusinessmenlosemoneyorfailtomakeasatisfactoryprofit,itbecomesmorelikelytohaveadepression(萧条).Thisiswhy,insomecountries,thegovernmentcontrolstheinstallmentplanbyfixingtheamountofthedownpaymentandinstallmentstodiscouragepeoplefrombuyingmorethantheycanpayforontheinstallmentplan.31.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEabouttheinstallmentplan?A.AlotofBritishfamiliesusetheinstallmentplan.B.Morethan10percentofAmericanfamiliesbuythingsoninstallments.C.AmericansdependmoreoninstallmentthanBritishpeopledo.D.Americansspendonetenthoftheirincomeoninstallmentbuying.32.Goodsboughtoninstallmentsaremoreexpensivethangoodsboughtbycashbecause_______.A.thebuyerhastopayextramoneyasinterestB.thedeliveryofthegoodschargesextramoneyC.thebuyerhastopayadownpaymentD.theserviceofferedbyinstallmentplanchargedextramoney33.Whatwillhappentoabuyerifhefailstomakethefullpaymentforanitemboughtoninstallments?A.Hemightlosehisjob.B.Hewillstopowningtheitemhehasbought.C.Hewillhavetosellwhathehasbought.D.Hewillgointodebt.34.TheadvantageofinstallmentbuyingmightincludeallthefollowingEXCEPTthat_______.A.purchasingpowerisstrengthenedB.employmentmightbeincreasedC.peopledevelopagoodhabitofsavingmoneyD.youngcouplesareabletofurnishtheirhomes35.Insomecountries,thegovernmentscontroltheinstallmentplanto_______.A.increaseemployment-17-B.avoiddepressionsC.ensurethatbusinessesmakegoodprofitsD.ensurethatpeoplecanpayforwhattheybuy(C)Inventor,physicist,surveyor,astronomer,biologist,artist...RobertHookewasalltheseandmore.Somesayhewasthegreatestexperimentalscientistoftheseventeenthcentury.OnceheworkedwithrenownedmenofsciencelikeChristianHuygens,AntonyvanLeeuwenhoek,RobertBoyle,IsaacNewtonandthegreatarchitect,ChristopherWren.Hooke’searlyeducationbeganathome,undertheguidanceofhisfather.HeenteredWestminsterSchoolattheageofthirteen,andfromtherehewenttoOxford,wherehecameincontactwithsomeofthebestscientistsinEngland.Hookeimpressedthemwithhisskillatdesigningexperimentsanddevisinginstruments.In1662,attheageoftwenty-eight,hewasnamedCuratorofExperimentsofthenewly-formedRoyalSocietyofLondon.Hookeacceptedthejob,eventhoughheknewthatithadnomoneytopayhim!Watchinglivingthingsthroughthemicroscopewasoneofhisfavoriteoccupations.Hedevisedacompoundmicroscopeforthispurpose.Onedaywhileobservingacork(软木)underamicroscope,hesawhoneycomb-likestructures.Theywerecells—thesmallestunitsoflife.Infact,itwasHookewhocoinedtheterm“cell”asthebox-likecellsofthecorkremindedhimofthecellsofamonastery(修道院).Perhapsbecauseofhisvariedinterests,Hookeoftenleftexperimentsunfinished.Otherstookupwhereheleftoffandthenclaimedsole(独占的)credit.Thissometimesledtoquarrelswithcolleagues.OneworkthathefinishedwashisbookMICROGRAPHIA,avolumethatrevealstheimmensepotentialofthemicroscope.Thebookalsoincludes,amongotherthings,ideasongravityandlightwhichmayhavehelpedscientistslikeNewtonwhiletheyweredevelopingtheirowntheoriesonthesephenomena.Hookemadevaluablecontributionstoastronomytoo.Acrater(坑)onthemoonisnamedafterhiminappreciationofhisservicestothisbranchofscience.36.RobertHookeprobablywenttoschoolin_______.-17-A.1647B.1634C.1662D.166437.Fromthefirstparagraph,wecanknowthatRobertHooke_______.A.wasfamousbecauseheworkedwithmanyscientistsB.likedmakingfriendswiththefamouspeopleC.receivedalotfromotherscientistsD.madecontributionstomanydifferentfields38.RobertHookemadehimselfknowntosomeofthebestscientistsinEnglandby_______.A.learningbyhimselfwithhisfather’shelpB.introducinghimselftothemC.designingexperimentsanddevisinginstrumentsD.refusinganyrewardfromRoyalSocietyofLondon39.RobertHookecouldn’tgetalongwellwithhiscolleaguesbecause_______.A.hecouldn’tfinishhisworkontimesometimesB.hehadallkindsofinterestsinhisdailylifeC.hewastooproudtolookuptothemD.theotherscientiststookthefruitsofhisexperiments40.WhichofthefollowingaboutthebookMICROGRAPHIAisTRUE?A.Ithasbeenusedinmanyfields.B.ItsideasongravityandlightmighthavebeenhelpfulforNewton.C.Newtonrealizedtheimportanceofit.D.HookethoughthighlyofNewton’sscientifictheoryinit.(D)Asyouclimbintothehillcountry,theroadsgetdustierandrougher,andfewercarscanbeseen.PhonxayisoneofthepoorestdistrictsofLaos,andmanyofitsvillagesareonlyaccessiblebyfootpath.Ourdestinationthishotmorningisaconcretewatertankthatcanbefoundjustofftheroad.AUKorganizationhelpedtobuilditsixyearsago,andinthenearbyvillageofThapho,wherecleandrinkingwaterisscarce,ithasmadeabigdifference.Thetankfeedssixtapswhichinturngivewatertoover800people—ithasimprovedthingsforalmost-17-everyfamily,fromschoolchildrentogrannies.Butlately,weweretold,thecleanwatersupplyhascomeunderpressurefromnewarrivals,peoplewhohavecomedownfromthehillareas,andthereareconcernsthattherewillnotbeenoughcleanwatertogoround.TherearealsoseriousworriesaboutresourcesinLaos.TheChinesearebuildinga400kmrailwaylink,whichcouldtransformthelandlockedcountry.About150,000Chineseworkerswillbeinvolved.Whatwillthisdotolocalcleanwatersupplies?Howwilltheworkersbefed?ThevastmajorityofLaotiansliveonfarms.Butwithforeigninvestorswantingtobuyupland,localpeoplewillhavetobemovedtomakeroomforthem.Heavilydependentonbothforeignaidandforeigninvestment,Laosstillfallswellbehinditsneighbours,althoughitseconomyhasgrownatabout6%ayearinthelastdecade.Itsbiggesteconomicproblemisthelackoflocallytrainedskilledworkforce.Buttherearereasonstobehopefulforthefuture.Laosisbeautiful,andforeigntourismcontinuestogrow:fortunatelysofarthefast-foodchainsandcoffeebarscommonelsewherearenowheretobeseen.Althoughalllocalmediaaregovernment-run,theInternetisnotcontrolledandtheBBCandCNNareavailabletothosewithsatellitedishes.Thegovernmenthasalsoachievedimpressiveresultsinruraldevelopment,withcommunitiesbenefitingnotjustfromcleanerwaterbuttheconstructionofnewschoolsandregularvisitsfrommedicalteams.PovertywillnotbehistoryinLaoswithinthenextdecade,butwithsmallstepsforwardandabitofoutsidehelp,thecountrycouldfinditselfoutoftheUN’sleast-developedcategoryby2022.41.Theunderlinedword“scarce”inParagraph1mostprobablymeans_______.A.valuableB.rareC.infrequentD.missing42.Whatisputtingpressureonthelocalsupplyofcleanwater?A.Dustfromtheroadismakingthewaterdirtier.B.Therearetoomanytapsaccessingthewater.C.Thepopulationoftheareaisgrowingfast.D.Thecomingsummerwilldryupriversandlakes.43.WhatisthemostseriouslimitationonLaos’economicgrowth?-17-A.Thelackoflocalskilledworkers.B.Apoortransportationsystem.C.Toomuchforeignaid.D.Toomanyforeignworkers.44.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTareasonforLaostobehopeful?A.Therearenofast-foodrestaurantsinthecountry.B.Laoshasavarietyoftouristattractions.C.InformationontheInternetisfreelyaccessible.D.Thegovernmentownsalllocalmedia.45.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Laos:smallstepsforwardB.Laos:slow-developingnationC.Laos:least-developedlandD.Laos:landlockedcountry第二节信息匹配(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)阅读下列网上交友资料与信息，并按照要求匹配信息。以下是网上交友信息：A.Yiyang,Man,19YearsoldOccupationStudentMyNativeTongueChineseInterestedInListeningtoMusic,PlayingSports,MyFamily&Friends,GoingtotheMovies,Reading,WatchingSports,LocalTravel,NationalTravel,GamingB.Julian,Man,23YearsoldOccupationEngineerMyNativeTongueEnglishInterestedInDiving,ListeningtoMusic,PlayingSports,Television,Swimming,ReadingC.Brighton,Woman,21YearsoldOccupationTeacherMyNativelanguageEnglishInterestedInTelevision,MyFamily&Friends,Reading,Gaming,ChattingOnline,-17-VolunteeringD.Lydia,Woman,26YearsoldOccupationAdministratorMyNativelanguageEnglishInterestedInWriting,havingpublishedquiteafewbooksofnovelsE.Senela,Woman,20YearsoldOccupationSecretaryMyNativelanguageTibetanInterestedInListeningtoMusic,Writing,Cooking,Television,MyFamily&Friends,Reading,WatchingSports,ChattingOnlineF.Roman,Man,25YearsoldOccupationEngineerMyNativelanguageCantoneseInterestedInListeningtoMusic,PlayingSports,Television以下是与交友相关的信息，请匹配符合他(她)们的对应的信息。46.LingTao,man,18yearsold，astudent,interestedinsports.He’dliketofindapen-friendwhoisalsoastudentandhasthesameinterestwithhiminordertodiscusssportsthroughtheInternet.47.Mary,woman,22yearsold,interestedinwritingverymuch.Shewantstobecomeawriterandpreferstomakefriendswithapersonwhocangivehersomeguideinwriting.48.WangPing,woman,19yearsold,interestedinmusicandchattingonline.Sheisnowacollegestudentmajoringinsecretaryandwouldliketofindapen-friendwhocangivehersomehelpwithhermajor.49.Peter,man,23yearsold,engineer,interestedinsportsandwatchingTVplays.HeisnowstudyingChineseandwantstomakefriendswithamanwhocanhelphimwithCantonese.50.YangLin,man,24yearsold,engineer,interestedinmakingfriendsandvolunteering.He’dliketofindapen-friendwhohasthesameinterestwithhimandcanteachhimEnglish.Ⅲ.写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节基础写作(共1小题，满分15分)-17-自我国成功加入WTO以来，我们与国际的交流越来越多，英语成为主要的交流工具，同时我们的文化也在国际上进一步传播，我们作为中国文化的传承者应该做好哪些细节呢？请根据以下提示写一篇短文。1.我们是文明古国，有着传统的文化习俗；2.讲文明从多说文明话语做起，即使是一声简单的“谢谢”也会发挥重要作用；3.不随地乱扔垃圾，不在公共场所大声喧哗；4.常保持微笑是我们表达友好的最佳身势语；5.主动向有需要的人伸出援助之手。【写作要求】1.只能使用5个句子表达全部内容；2.文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。【评分标准】句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节读写任务(共1小题，满分25分)阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。Friendshipwithoneselfisallimportant,becausewithoutitonecannotbefriendswithanyoneelseintheworld.Weoftenfocusonbuildingrelationshipswithothersthatweforgettheessentialfirststep:beingfriendsofourselves.Thatisthecrucialfirststepifwearetohavegoodrelationshipswithothers.Howcanwehavegoodrelationshipswithothersifwedon’tevenhavegoodrelationshipwithourselves?Herearesometips:1.ForgiveyourselfYoumayhavemadethosemistakesinthepast,butisthereanythingyoucandoaboutthem?Idon’tthinkso,exceptlearningfromthem.It’struethatyouarenotperfect,butneitheriseverybodyelse.It’snormaltomakemistakes,sodoyourselfafavorbygivingyourself-17-forgiveness.2.FocusonyourstrengthsInsteadoffocusingonyourweaknesses,focusonyourstrengths.Youalwayshavesomestrengthswhichgiveyouauniquecombinationnobodyelsehave.Recognizeyourstrengthsandbuildyourlifearoundthem.3.StopcomparingyourselfwithothersYouareunique.Youcanneverbelikeotherpeople,andneithercanotherpeoplebelikeyou.Thewayyoumeasureyoursuccessisnotdeterminedbyotherpeopleandwhattheyachieve.Instead,itisdeterminedbyyourownlifepurpose.Youhaveeverythingyouneedtoachieveyourlifepurpose,soit’suselesstocompareyourselfwithothers.【写作内容】假设你的同学总觉得自己学习不如别人，因而产生自卑心理，请你根据上面所提供的材料写一篇短文,用E-mail发给他(她)：1.以约30个词概括文章大意，说明首先要善待自己的观点；2.以约120个词表达你对他(她)的建议和希望，并包括如下要点：(1)分析他(她)产生自卑心理的原因；(2)找出他(她)的优势；(3)提出合理建议。【写作要求】1.作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容但不得直接引用原文中的句子；2.文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3.文章开头和结尾已写好。【评分标准】概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。DearLiPing,I’mgladthatyoutrustmesomuchandtellmeyourtruefeeling,nowI’vereadanarticlewhichsaysthat________________________________________________-17-________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Withthebestwishes!Yourstruly，WangYan答案解析主要讲述语言的由来和发展。1.【解析】选B。此处意为：当人类刚刚开始进化，他们如同新生儿一样不会运用语言这种工具。evolve逐渐发展，进化,符合题意。generate产生，引起；born(bear的过去分词)不能作谓语动词；originate起源，不能用first修饰。2.【解析】选A。根据语法分析，答案应用来修饰语言。valuable珍贵的；appropriate合适的，适当的；convenient方便的，便利的；favorite最喜欢的。语言并不是人类选择的结果，而是人类在进化过程中慢慢发展起来的，对人类来说，应当是珍贵的。3.【解析】选A。此处意思是：语言的发展增加了人类未来的成就和文化进步的可能性。attainments成就；feasibility可行性；entertainments娱乐；evolution进化。4.【解析】选D。此处意为：许多语言学家认为进化使人们产生和具备了使用语言的能力。固定短语beresponsiblefor对……负责，是……的缘由。其他选项不与for搭配。5.【解析】选C。根据语法分析,空格后应是一个宾语从句，confirm(确认)+名词；inform(通知)sb.ofsth.；convince(使某人确信)sb.ofsth.。6.【解析】选B。此处意为：我们高度发达的大脑使我们具备了其他低等动物所不具备的语言能力。显然，这里是把人和低等动物相比较。因此选organisms有机体，生物体。7.【解析】选A。此句意为：人类的语言能力是与生俱来的，但语言本身也在逐渐发展，所以这种能力应该是潜在的。potential潜力；performance履行；preference偏爱；passion激情。8.【解析】-17-选B。此句意为：语言的发展有一个关键期，人体的成长是生物变化的过程。biological生物的；ideological思想上的；social社会的；psychological心理的。9.【解析】选A。此处意为：目前人们对“先天论”评论观点不一，但是支持某些天生能力的证据却是确凿无疑的。review评论；reference参考；reaction反应；recommendation推荐。10.【解析】选B。此处意为：通过接触多种语言，孩子们可以学会好几种语言。beexposedto是固定搭配，接触到。reveal(显露)sth.tosb.不合题意，因本题中的them指languages。其余选项不与to搭配。engagein从事；beinvolvedin参与。11.【解析】选C。此句意为：一旦母语的规则被深深印入脑海中，成年人就很难再学好另一种语言。rule规则，规律；regulation规定；formation构成，构造；constitution宪法，章程。12.【解析】选D。此句意为：与人隔绝的儿童不能掌握好一门语言。isolated孤立的，与人隔绝的；distinguished区别的，杰出的；divided分离的，分开的；protected受到保护的。13.【解析】选D。此句总结前几句，意为：必须通过与他人交往，语言才能够发展。interaction相互作用；exposition暴露；comparison比较；contrast对比。14.【解析】选A。根据分析，本句中的“this”和“evenmorebasic”分别指代上句的“interactionwithotherhumanbeings”和“necessary”，此处所填词对应上文中的languagedevelopment。也就是说，languageacquisition语言习得。appreciation欣赏,感激；requirement要求；alternative可供选择的事物。15.【解析】选C。本句功能是以另一种方式解释前文中的“imitative,learnedbehavior(模仿性的后天行为)”。Inotherwords换言之，换句话说；Asaresult结果是；Afterall毕竟；Aboveall首先。这篇文章主要告诉我们怎样与他人合作。16.【解析】else意思是“与他人合作工作的能力是使自己显示出与其他人不同的好方法”，用在复合代词everybody后作定语，表示“其他的”，用else。17.【解析】for表示“因某事责备某人”是blamesb.forsth.。18.【解析】them指代上文中的others，在句中作宾语，用them。19.【解析】achievements与前面的values和weaknesses同时充当动词短语findout的并列宾语，用名词形式。20.【解析】but这是表示“不是……而是……”的not...but...结构。21.【解析】todeal这是“疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语。22.【解析】best根据句意这里表示“最好”之意，故用最高级。23.【解析】who这里是定语从句，先行词teammate在定语从句中充当主语，指人，所以用who。-17-24.【解析】thatdecided后接了一个宾语从句，该宾语从句句子结构和句意都完整，因而用连词that。25.【解析】bekept由keepsb.active(使某人保持活跃的状态)，可知everyteammember与keep是被动关系，故用被动语态。气象图是地理学家的一个重要工具。三、四幅连续的气象图可以展示出天气的变化，气象员可以借助气象图预报天气。地理系的学生应该会准确地看气象图。26.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文中第二段的第四句提到floods和frosts，最后一句提到fronts，只有C项内容没有提到。27.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知，30天的天气预报是依据对上层大气的分析，所以选B。28.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文中第二段的Theyrevealinafewminuteswhatotherwisewouldtakehourstodescribe.可知答案。29.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文中第二段的Weathermapscontainanenormousamountofinformationaboutweatherconditionsexistingatthetimeofobservationoveralargegeographicalarea.可知答案。30.【解析】选D。文章出处题。这是一篇科普文章，介绍的是卫星发来的气象图在天气预报中起的作用。由此推断出很有可能来自于科学书籍。分期付款在英国和美国盛行，分期付款就是购买者先付价格的四分之一或三分之一作为预付定金，等到商品运来后，再按周或按月付完所欠钱款。分期付款有一定的优点，但也有缺点。31.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段的...peopletherespendover10percentoftheirincomeontheinstallmentplan.美国人多于十分之一的收入花在分期付款上，而不是十分之一的美国家庭分期付款。可知B错误。32.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段的第一、二句尤其是Thereisachargeforinterest.可知，分期付款的物品价格更高是因为有利息在里面。33.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段的Thelegalownershipofthegoodsremainswiththeselleruntilthefinalpaymenthasbeenmade.可推出直到买方把所欠钱款全部付清时，分期付款的商品的合法拥有权才属于买方。如果不能做到，那就无法拥有其产品。34.【解析】选C。细节判断题。根据最后一段对分期付款的优点和缺点的陈述可知，A、B、D都是优点，只有C没有提到。-17-35.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文中最后一句：有些国家政府控制分期付款的目的就是不让人们买超出他们付款能力的东西。罗伯特·胡克集发明家、物理学家、鉴定人、天文学家、生物学家和艺术家等于一身。据说他是十七世纪最伟大的实验科学家。36.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中“1662年他28岁”可推知他十三岁时应该是1647年。37.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据文章首句Inventor,physicist,surveyor,astronomer,biologist,artist...RobertHookewasalltheseandmore.及下文描述可知，胡克在很多领域都做出了贡献。38.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中的Hookeimpressedthemwithhisskillatdesigningexperimentsanddevisinginstruments.可知答案。39.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段中Otherstookupwhereheleftoffandthenclaimedsolecredit.Thissometimesledtoquarrelswithcolleagues.可知别人独占他的成果，所以他才和同事争吵，和同事之间的关系不好。40.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段中最后一句话的内容可知他的书里关于地球引力和光的观点对牛顿这样的科学家帮助很大。41.【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第一段内容可知，一个混凝土水箱的建造改善了该地区人们的用水情况，由此可知，该地区缺乏干净的饮用水。scarce“缺乏的，不足的，稀少的”与rare同义。42.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，由于这里新来了很多人，从而使干净水的供应成了问题。43.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，限制该地区经济的最大问题是当地缺乏训练有素的技术工人。44.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，老挝的发展优势有：可发展旅游业、可发展快餐业、可自由地获得网络信息。当地所有媒体由政府运营并不是优势，因此选D项。45.【解析】选A。主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是最后一段可知，本文主要介绍了缓慢发展中的老挝，A项正确。46.【解析】选A。关键词是student和sports。47.【解析】选D。关键词是writing。48.【解析】选E。关键词是Music,ChattingOnline和secretary。49.【解析】选F。关键词是Cantonese。50.【解析】选C。关键词是Volunteering。-17-基础写作Chinaisoneofthefouroldestcivilizedcountriesintheworldandwehavemanytraditionalgoodcustomsandcultures.Asisknowntoall,usingpolitephrasesmoreoftenisthebeginningofcultivatinggoodmanners,evenasimple“Thankyou”mattersalot.Neitherlitteranywhereyoulikenormakenoisesinthepublicintermsofgoodmanners.It’sthebestbodylanguageforustokeepsmiletoshowourfriendshiptoothers.Alwaysreadytohelpotherswhenevertheygetintotroubles.读写任务DearLiPing,I’mgladthatyoutrustmesomuchandtellmeyourtruefeeling,nowI’vereadanarticlewhichsaysthatitisimportanttobefriendlytoyourselffirstandthentoothers,andgivesafewtips,suchasforgivingyourself,realizingyourvirtuesandnotcomparingwithothers.Asisknowntoall,nooneisperfect，andeveryonehastheirownstrengthsandweaknesses,soifyoufallbehindothersinsomeaspects,it’snaturalandthere’snothingsoseriousasforyoutofeelfrustrated.Iknowyou’reworriedaboutyourstudybecauseyou’venotgotasgoodresultsassomeofyourclassmatesintheexams,butthat’snotthemostimportant,solongasyoutryyourbest,I’msureyou’llmakeprogress.Besides,Youhaveyourownvirtueswhichsomeothersdon’thave,forexample,youplaybasketballbetterthanmanyotherstudentsinourschool,andyoualsoplaytheguitarwell.Howmuchweenvyyou!Soneverfeeldiscouragedifyoufallbehindothersinyourstudy,andbesureyouaregoodatmanyaspects.Withthebestwishes!Yourstruly，WangYan-17-
