课时提能练(三十三)选修7 Unit3 UndertheseaA：知识层面Ⅰ.语境语法填空A(考查派生词)LastweekMrs.Brownwasdrivingbackhomeaftera1．tasty(taste)mealinaKFCrestaurantwhenacarbumpedintohers.Thatdriverobviouslygotdrunk.Sheandherchild2．narrowly(narrow)missedbeingkilledinthe3．scary(scare)accident,butthechildwasbadlyinjured.Shewasinthe4．depths(deep)ofdespairthosedays.Thiscasehas5．sharpened(sharp)thedebateoverabanofdrunkendriving.Afterdaysof6．reflection(reflect)Iwroteanarticle,callingonpeopletoraisethe7．awareness(aware)ofriskswhendrivingorwalkingontheroad.Ialsogavesomesuggestions,includingkeepingaphonearoundincasesomething8．urgent(urge)happened.B(考查动词)Recentyears9．havewitnessed(witness)thefactthatmillionsofSyrians,sincetheSyrianCivilWarbrokeout,10．havefled(flee)fromtheirhomelandtoEuropeancountries.PicturesandvideosofSyrians11．yelling(yell)forfoodandclothingareoftenseenontelevision.Asthewar12．drags(drag)on,westerncountrieslikeFranceandGermanyarefeelingunderpressure.They13．areurging(urge)theinternationalcommunity14．toabandon(abandon)failedpoliciesandtakemeasurestostopthewar.C(考查句型)Thereusedtobeasmallvillage15．wherethetworiversjoin.Lastwinter,aterribleearthquakecompletelydestroyedthevillage,withdeadbodies16．lying(lie)hereandthere.Itwasatime17．whenthesurvivorshadtolivewithcoldandhunger.Foodandclothingcould18．havereached(reach)thembuttherewereconstantaftershocks(余震),whichdelayedtherescuework.Thesurvivors,19．being(be)veryhungry,hadtoeatgrassrootsthattheycouldfind.Itwasnotuntilfivedayslaterthathelicopterscameandtookallofthemtoanotherplacetosettlein.Ⅱ.语境短文改错(短文中有6处错误)TheWellHotelstandsinaquietplaceoffthemainroadatthefarendofthelake.Oppositetoitexistsamuseumshapelikeahugeball,easilycatchingpeople'seye.There'sabroadroadinthebetween.Soyoucanhaveeasyaccesstothehotel,\nwhereelevatorskeephotelguestsgoupanddown.Largerooms,eachofthemmeasures8×7metres,areprovidedatreasonableprices.Thisweek,allroomswereavailableatadiscountifyoubookaheadoftime.Sopleasedon'tletgothechance.【答案】 TheWellHotelstandsinaquietplaceoffthemainroadatthefarendofthelake.Oppositetoitexistsamuseumlikeahugeball,easilycatchingpeople'seye.There'sabroadroadinbetween.Soyoucanhaveeasyaccesstothehotel,whereelevatorskeephotelguestsupanddown.Largerooms,eachofmeasures8×7metres,areprovidedatreasonableprices.Thisweek,allroomsavailableatadiscountifyoubookaheadoftime.Sopleasedon'tletgothechance.Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子1．我正要离开时，看到他拎着一个包朝我跑过来。IwasabouttoleavewhenIsawhimrunningtowardsmewithabaginhishand.2．我花了相当长的时间才理解毕加索的那幅画的意义。IttookmequitealongtimetounderstandthemeaningofthepaintingbyPicasso.3．事故发生时，我看见他正在过马路。Isawhimcrossingthestreetwhentheaccidenthappened.4．在收获的季节，农民会让机器日夜运转。Duringtheharvest，farmerswillkeepthemachinesrunningdayandnight.5．问题是我们能否按时完成工作。Theproblemiswhetherwecanfinishtheworkontime．B：能力层面Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·洛阳市第二次统一考试)Plasticistheworkhorsematerialofthemoderneconomy.Lightanddurable，it'sbeenusedtomakeavastnumberofproductssinceitsintroductionover100yearsago.However，astudycarriedoutbytheWorldEconomicForum，theEllenMacArthurFoundation(基金会)andMcKinsey&Companyshowedthebreakdownofthestatusintheglobalplasticsystem.Afull32%ofthe78milliontonsofplasticpackagingproduced\nannuallyislefttoflowintoouroceans.TheOceanCleanup，astartupfoundedin2013，isthebrainchildofBoyanSlat，whocameupwiththeideaforthecompanywhenhewasjust17yearsold.Sincethen，it'sreceivedmorethan$2millioninfunding(基金)．ThecompanyplanstousealargedevicethatwillbefixedtothebottomofthePacificOcean.Thiswillhavearmsthatspreadoutover100km，gettingalloftheplasticgarbagepushedintoitsnets.Thisisthencollectedbya10，000metrecubecontainerthatwillbeemptiedmonthly.Mostrecently，theOceanCleanuplaunchedateamofexplorersaboardaspeciallyrefittedC130Herculesaircraftheavilyloadedwithspecializedsensorequipment.Itdiscoveredthattheproblemwasworsethanexpectedwithanabundanceofplasticsmeasuringupto1.5macrossandatahigherdensitythanpreviouslythought.Theorganizationwillcontinuetopilotthedeviceandwillstartremovingthepilebeforetheendofthedecade.Oncetheplasticisout，whatshouldwedowithit?Thefoundationhopesthattheplasticfromtheoceanwillhaveacommercialvaluewhichcanhelptofundtheproject.Oceanplasticisnoteasytouse，forit'smixedwitheverythingfromintactPETbottlestomicroplastics.However，someoftheworld'sbiggestcompaniesalsoseethechancetomarketproductsmadeofoceanplastic.Transformingtoday'splasticeconomyfromitspresentform(takemakewaste)toazerowastecirculareconomy(takemaketakemake)isadifficultchallenge.However，withcooperativeactionfromproducers，recyclers，governmentsandconsumersalikeandcontinuinginnovation，itcanbedone.【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了TheOceanCleanup想出了一个收集海洋塑料垃圾的方法，但关于收集的塑料应该如何处理，该基金会希望海洋塑料能有商业价值以资助该项目，而世界上一些大公司也看到商机，能从商业上利用海洋塑料垃圾。1．What'sBoyanSlat'sideaabout?A．Awaytocollectoceanplasticwaste.B．Anewproductmadeofoceanplastic.C．Amachinetorecycleplasticgarbage.D．Anorganizationtoresearchintoplastic.A [细节理解题。根据第三段对TheOceanCleanup的介绍可知，BoyanSlat的想法是把海洋中的塑料垃圾收集起来，故选A。]2．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“density”inParagraph\n4?A．Flexibility. B．Thickness.C．Width. D．Strength.B [词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“withanabundanceofplasticsmeasuringupto1.5macrossandatahigherdensitythanpreviouslythought”可推知，density与该句中的“1.5macross”呼应，应是一个与度量相关的名词，而C项“宽度”上文已提及，故B项与画线词词义相近。]3．Whatdosomebiggestcompaniesexpectoftheoceanplastic?A．It'llbeturnedintotreasure.B．It'llsponsorthefoundation.C．It'llberecycledbythegovernment.D．It'lltaketheformoftakemakewaste.A [细节理解题。根据第五段中的“someoftheworld'sbiggestcompaniesalsoseethechancetomarketproductsmadeofoceanplastic”可知，一些大公司想要推销由海洋塑料制成的产品，即变废为宝，故选A。]4．Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A．Adiary.B．Aguidebook.C．Anovel.D．Amagazine.D [文章出处题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了TheOceanCleanup能收集海洋塑料垃圾，而世界上一些大公司能在商业上利用塑料垃圾，由此可推知，本文最可能摘自杂志，故选D。]B(2020·福州市第一学期质量检测)Asyoumoveoutofyourteensandintoyour20sand30s，yourmusicaltastesstarttosolidifyandyoulikelyquitkeepingupwithpopularmusic.Now，researchhasfoundtheaverageageatwhichyourmusiclibraryisunlikelytochange:33．Thestudy'sauthorreachedthisconclusionbyanalyzingdataonU．S.SpotifyusersandcomparingittoartistpopularitydatafrommusicintelligencecompanyTheEchoNest.Todeterminetheageatwhichwestopseekingoutnewtunes，theauthorgatheredselfreportedagedatafromSpotifyandlookedatusers'“TasteProfiles”，whichtrackshowmanytimeslistenershavestreamedmusicofindividualartists.TheseartistswerethenmatchedtotheirpopularityrankonTheEchoNest.TheaverageteenlistensalmostonlytomusicamongtheBillboard，thetop200\nalbumsinthecountry，butthismusicrepresentsasmallerpartoftheirstreamingastheyage.Intheirteens，theylistentoalotofthesamemusic，overandoveragain.FrankT．McAndrew，aprofessorofpsychologyatKnoxCollege，explainsthatthat'sthe“mereexposureeffect”atwork，anditbasicallymeans，themorewe'reexposedtosomething，themorewelikeit.Therearemanyreasonswhyapersonmaystopstreamingthecurrenttopmusicalhits，andtheauthorlookedintoonebyidentifyingSpotifylistenerswithlargeamountsofchildren'smusicandnurseryrhymesintheirlibraries.Inotherwords，whenusersmayhavebecomeparents.Butthestudyconcludeswithsomegoodnewsforparents：“Ifyou'regettingolderandcan'tfindyourselfstayingasrelatedtothepopularmusicasyouusedto，havenofear—justwaitforyourkidstobecometeenagers，andyou'llgetexposedtoallthepopularmusicofthedayonceagain！”【语篇解读】 本文说明了青少年通过重复听相同的流行音乐来发展他们的音乐品味。当青少年长大后，他们的音乐品味会渐渐稳固，很可能会停止追随流行音乐。一项研究通过分析数据确定了人们不再物色新音乐的年龄并分析了人们停止追求流行音乐的原因。5．Whathappensafterteensgrowolder?A．Theyquitlisteningtomusic.B．Theirinterestinmusicfades.C．Theychangetheirmusiclibraries.D．Theirmusicaltastesbecomestable.D [细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Asyoumoveoutofyourteensandintoyour20sand30s，yourmusicaltastesstarttosolidifyandyoulikelyquitkeepingupwithpopularmusic”可知，随着青少年年龄增长，他们的音乐品味开始稳固下来，他们很可能会停止追随流行音乐。故选D。]6．Whatisthewayoftheresearch?A．Interviews. B．Analyzingdata.C．Observation. D．Trackingpopularity.B [细节理解题。根据第二段“Thestudy'sauthorreachedthisconclusionbyanalyzingdataonU．S.SpotifyusersandcomparingittoartistpopularitydatafrommusicintelligencecompanyTheEchoNest”可知，本文的研究方法是分析数据。故选B。]7．Howdoteensdeveloptheirmusicaltastes?A．Theylistentothesamemusicrepeatedly.B．Theyactliketheirfavoritepopularstars.\nC．Theyexperiencedifferentstylesofmusic.D．Theyliketopmusicworldwide.A [推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Intheirteens，theylistentoalotofthesamemusic，overandoveragain”以及第三句中的“themorewe'reexposedtosomething，themorewelikeit”可推知，青少年们通过重复听相同的音乐来发展他们的音乐品味。故选A。]8．What'sthegoodnewsforparentsinthelastparagraph?A．Parentswillregaintheirfaithinmusic.B．Parentswillinfluencetheirteensinmusic.C．Parentswillheartheirfavoritemusicagain.D．Parentswillenjoythemusicforteensagain.D [细节理解题。根据第六段中的“justwaitforyourkidstobecometeenagers，andyou'llgetexposedtoallthepopularmusicofthedayonceagain”可知，当孩子们步入青少年时期，家长们又可以享受属于青少年的音乐了。故选D。]Ⅱ.完形填空(2020·长沙市统一模拟考试)DuringhisfreshmanyearatColumbiaUniversity，SanfordGreenbergstoodoncampuswithhisclassmate，ArthurGarfunkel.“Sanford，lookatthe1．Youseethecolors？Theshapes？”Arthurasked.Sanfordwas2，becauseotherguystalkedabouttripsandsports，butArthurwantedtotalkaboutgrass.Wastherea3guyoncampusthanSanford?Herehewas，apoorkidfromBuffalo，NewYorkonafullscholarship，takingclassesfrommasterssuchasphysicistLeonLedermanandpoetMarkVanDoren.Butin1960，Sanford'sfortunes4．Hewasplayingbaseballwhensuddenlyhecouldn't5veryclearly.Hehadto6onthegrassuntilhiseyesightreturned.Atfirsthedidn'tbelieveitwasanything7．ButwhenSanfordwentbacktoBuffalo，8theretoldhimhehadaveryseriouseyedisease.Theyoperatedonhiseyes，buthewasstillgoing9．Hewassosadthathe10tomeetanyonefromcollege.However，Arthur11SanfordtogobacktostudyatColumbia.InSeptember1961，Sanfordreturnedtocampus.Buthewas12aboutgettingaroundaloneanddependedonArthurtohelphim.Then，oneafternoon，SanfordandArthurwenttoManhattan.Whenitwastimetogobacktothe13，Arthursaidhehadanimportantmeetingandcouldn'tgowith\nSanford.They14forthefirsttime，andArthurwalkedoff，leavingSanfordalone.IttookSanfordalongtimetogetbacktoschool.Butashearrivedattheuniversitygate，someonealmost15him.“Sorry，sir.”Sanfordknewthe16．ItwasArthur's.Sanfordwasangryatfirst，butthenhe17whatArthurhaddone.“Itwasoneofthemost18ideas，”Sanfordsaid.“Arthur，ofcourse，hadbeen19methewholeway.”Aftergraduationwithgreater20thanothers，SanfordgothisMBAfromColumbiaandaPh.D.fromHarvardandwentontobecomeasuccessfulinventorandbusinessman.【语篇解读】 桑福德在上大学期间突然患上了严重的眼疾，之后他拒绝见大学的任何人；后来在朋友亚瑟的鼓励下，他重新回到校园学习。但回校后，他不敢独自一人出行，而是依赖亚瑟的帮助。有一次，亚瑟想出了一个主意，让桑福德能独自走回学校。结果证明亚瑟的主意很有用。后来桑福德成了一名成功的发明家和商人。1．A.clouds B．grass C．trees D．baseballB [根据下文中的“Arthurwantedtotalkaboutgrass”可知，亚瑟想要谈论的是草；据此可知，他让桑福德看草。]2．A.excitedB．disappointedC．surprisedD．worriedC [空后表述其他人都在谈论旅行和运动，而亚瑟却想谈论草，据此可推知，这让桑福德觉得很奇怪。surprised“觉得奇怪的”。]3．A.luckierB．friendlierC．smarter D．kinderA [根据空后一句可知，桑福德是一个来自纽约州布法罗的穷孩子，但拿着全额奖学金，上着大师们的课。据此可知，此处表示“还有比桑福德更幸运的人吗”。]4．A.improvedB．remainedC．arrived D．changedD [根据上文表述的桑福德很幸运和下文表述的桑福德患上了严重的眼疾可推知，此处表示桑福德的命运发生了改变。]5．A.hear B．smell C．see D．speakC [根据下文中的“untilhiseyesightreturned”可知，在打棒球时，桑福德突然看不清东西了，他只好躺在草地上，直到视力恢复。]\n6．A.liedownB．jumpupC．walkawayD．runalongA [参见上题解析。A项意为“躺下”，故A项正确。]7．A.difficultB．serious C．new D．usualB [根据下文中的“But”“averyseriouseyedisease”，并结合该句中的“Atfirsthedidn'tbelieve”可知，开始他认为这不是什么严重的问题。]8．A.teachers B．friends C．relativesD．doctorsD [根据语境并结合常识可知，当桑福德回到布法罗的时候，那里的医生告诉他，他得了一种非常严重的眼疾。]9．A.blind B．deaf C．wrong D．crazyA [根据语境和空后一句表述的他如此难过以至于他拒绝见大学的人可知，尽管他的眼睛进行了手术，但是他还是会失明。]10．A.plannedB．forgot C．refused D．wishedC [参见上题解析。]11．A.remindedB．persuadedC．forced D．allowedB [根据下文中的“Sanfordreturnedtocampus”可知，亚瑟说服桑福德重新回到哥伦比亚大学学习。persuadesb.todosth.为固定用法，意为“说服某人做某事”，故B项正确。]12．A.certain B．angry C．nervous D．calmC [根据该句中的“dependedonArthurtohelphim”可知，桑福德虽然重返校园，但由于严重的眼疾，他不敢自己一个人出去，所以他得依赖亚瑟的帮助。C项意为“惶恐的”，故C项正确。]13．A.campusB．hospitalC．station D．companyA [根据语境和下文中的“hearrivedattheuniversitygate”可知，一天下午，桑福德和亚瑟去了曼哈顿，当该回校园时，亚瑟却说他有一个重要的会议要参加，不能和桑福德一起回去了。]14．A.agreed B．estimated \nC．discussed D．arguedD [根据该句中的“Arthurwalkedoff，leavingSanfordalone”可知，他们第一次发生争吵，亚瑟愤然离去，留桑福德独自一人。]15．A.shoutedat B．knockeddownC．lookedforD．laughedatB [根据下文中的“Sorry，sir”可推知，在桑福德到校门口时，有人差点把他撞倒。B项意为“撞倒”，故B项正确。]16．A.look B．figure C．voice D．gestureC [根据上文中的“Sorry，sir”可知，有人对他说“对不起，先生”；据此可推知，桑福德知道那是亚瑟的声音。]17．A.doubted B．realizedC．believedD．wonderedB [根据语境可知，桑福德一开始感到恼怒，但是他随后理解了亚瑟所做的一切。]18．A.annoyingB．awful C．useless D．brilliantD [根据语境和上文中的“Sanfordwasangryatfirst，butthenhe________whatArthurhaddone”可知，桑福德说亚瑟让他独自回学校是一个绝妙的主意。]19．A.misleadingB．showingC．guiding D．followingD [根据语境可知，亚瑟一路跟着桑福德。D项意为“跟着”，故D项正确。A项意为“误导”，C项意为“指引，指导”，都与语境不符。]20．A.efforts B．loss C．burden D．failureA [根据语境并结合上文描述的桑福德患了严重的眼疾可知，付出了比别人更多的努力之后，桑福德获得了哥伦比亚大学的工商管理学硕士学位、哈佛大学的博士学位，而且成了一位成功的发明家和商人。]
