欢迎来到英语课堂\n走向高考·英语路漫漫其修远兮吾将上下而求索外研版·高考总复习\nModule4ASocialSurvey—MyNeighbourhood必修一第一部分 基础知识聚焦\n基础知识梳理2考点探究演练3单元语法4基础知识巩固5课时作业6话题作文晨诵1\n话题作文晨诵\n话题：个人环境(2015·银川市三校联考)请根据图画描述你的朋友小明发生的故事和你的看法。注意：词数100左右。\nⅠ.头脑风暴，知识链接单词短语1.pregnant怀孕的2．pretend假装3．destination目的地4．symbol象征5．civilization文明1.goon继续2．asusual像往常一样3．morethan超过句式1.Xiaomingpretendednottoseethewomanandwentonsleepingasusualbutanotherchildbesidehimofferedhisseattothewoman.2．MaybeXiaomingwastired,butheshouldhaveofferedhisseattothewomanbecausesheneededtheseatmorethanhim.\nⅡ.范文必背Oneday,Xiaomingwasonabustoschoolwhenhenoticedapregnantwomangettingonthebus.Xiaomingpretendednottoseethewomanandwentonsleepingasusualbutanotherchildbesidehimofferedhisseattothewoman.Soonthebusarrivedatthedestination.ItwaslatebeforeXiaomingrealized.Inourlife,Ithinkofferingseatsonbus,asmallactthough,isasymbolofkindnessandthelevelofourcivilization.MaybeXiaomingwastired,butheshouldhaveofferedhisseattothewomanbecausesheneededtheseatmorethanhim.Besides,theoldanddisabledshouldownseparateandspecialseats.\n基础知识梳理\nⅠ.单词速记核心必记1．________(vt.)打扰；烦扰；麻烦2．________(vt.)接近3．________(vt.)交换4．________(vt.)买得起；有能力支付5．________(adj.)有吸引力的；吸引人的→________(vt.)吸引→________(n.)吸引6．________(adj.)幸运的；吉祥的→__________(adv.)幸运地→________(n.)运气；财富botherapproachexchangeaffordattractiveattractattractionfortunatefortunatelyfortune\n7．________(vi.)饿死→________(adj.)快要饿死的→________(n.)饥饿8．________(vi.)死里逃生；大难不死→________(n.)幸存→________(n.)幸存者9．________(vt.)联络；联系(某人)→(形近词)________(v.)收缩；签合同(n.)合同starvestarvingstarvationsurvivesurvivalsurvivorcontactcontract\n高频必知10．________(adv.)很；相当11．________(vi.)听起来12．________(adj.)美丽的；宜人的13．___________(adj.)失业的；没有工作的→_______(vt.)雇用→____________(n.)就业；工作；职业14．________(n.)职业→________(vt.)使用；占用15．________(adj.)迷人的；吸引人的→________(adj.)入迷的，极感兴趣的→___________(n.)魅力prettysoundgorgeousunemployedemployemploymentoccupationoccupyfascinatingfascinatedfascination\nⅡ.短语互译1．修建____________________2．到目前为止____________________3．摆脱____________________4．做成；成功____________________5．payback____________________6．agreatmany/anumberof____________________7．asaresult____________________8．goup____________________putupsofar/uptonow/tillnowgetawayfrommakeit偿还；归还许多；大量结果上升\n情景活用用上面的单词或短语的正确形式填空①Manyarchitectureshavebeen________(修建),whichare________(相当)________(有吸引力的)and________(迷人的).________(结果)，________(许多)touristsalloverthecountrycomeheretovisit.②To________(偿还)theirdebts,manypeoplehavefoundworkinfactories.Sotheyhave________(摆脱)thepoorlife.\n③Thesceneryinourcityis________(美丽的).What'smore,thetrafficisverygood.It'sconvenientforbusinessmento________(交换)theirgoods.Recently,therearemoreandmorepeoplewhocan________(有能力支付)tobuynewcars.I'm________(幸运的)livinghere.答案：①putup；pretty；attractive；fascinating；Asaresult;agreatmany②payback;gotawayfrom③gorgeous;exchange;afford;fortunate\nⅢ.典句析练1．________________welastsaweachother,youknow.你可知道，自从我们上次见面到现在已经有六年了。[解析]since引导时间状语从句。[仿写]我们从一中毕业已经十年了。____________________________wegraduatedfromtheNo.1HighSchool.\n2．And________________I'vevisitedyourhometown.这是我第一次参观你的家乡。[解析]Thisisthefirsttime(that)．..意为“某人第一次做某事”，从句中要用现在完成时。[仿写]这是我第一次玩得这么开心。Itisthefirsttime____________________________.\n3．________theclimate________？[解析]What's...like？用于询问“……的状况”。[仿写]宇宙飞船是什么样子的？________________________________________________\n4．Citiesareinteresting,andtheycanbebeautiful,buttheyareneverbeautifulin________thatthecountrysideisbeautiful.城市很有趣，也会很美丽，但它们的美永远不会是乡村的那种美。[解析]thatthecountrysideisbeautiful是定语从句，修饰先行词theway。[仿写]他回答问题的方式令人吃惊。________________________________wassurprising.\n答案：1.It'sbeensixyearssince;It'sbeentenyearssince2.thisisthefirsttime；Ihaveenjoyedmyselfmuch3．What's;like;What'saspaceshiplike?4．theway;Theway(that/inwhich)heansweredthequestions\nⅣ.课文回顾ThisisthefirsttimeJohnhasvisitedXiaoLi'shometown—Xiamen.Itisoneofthemost__(1)__(attract)places.Xiamenislivelyandinteresting,lyingonthecoast.XiaoLisayshefeelsvery__(2)__livinghere.The__(3)__ofXiamenis__(4)__hotandwetinthesummer,butitcanbequitecoldinthewinter.Therearealotof__(5)__buildingsandsomegreatshopping__(6)__.Nowtheyareleavingthebusiness__(7)__and__(8)__(approach)theharbour.TheyseeGulangyuIslandacrossthewater,whichisa__(9)__islandwithsomereallyinteresting__(10)__．\n(1)________(2)________(3)________(4)________(5)________(6)________(7)________(8)________(9)________(10)________答案：(1)attractive(2)fortunate(3)climate(4)pretty(5)highrise(6)malls(7)district(8)approaching(9)gorgeous(10)architecture\n考点探究演练\n1.exchangevt.交换，调换，兑换n．交换，互换[填空→激活知识]①Iamgoingtotravelabroad,soIshouldgoto________someRMB________dollarsinbank.我准备出国旅游，所以得去银行把一些人民币兑换成美元。\n②WouldyoulikemyoldTV________________________thiscamera?用我的旧电视机换这架照相机你愿意吗？答案：①exchange；for②inexchangefor\n[归纳拓展]exchange...for...把……和……交换inexchangefor...用……作交换，换取……inexchange作为交换exchangesth.withsb.与某人交换某物Attheendofthegameplayersusuallyexchangeshirtswitheachother.在比赛结束前，选手通常彼此交换衬衫。\n[助记][真题寻踪](2014·天津B篇阅读)ThevideoexchangebetweensignerandreceivercanberecordedonDVDforproofwhenlegaldocumentsareused.录相可以在签字者与接收者之间交换并刻录成DVD，当法律文件使用时，可以用来做证据。\n2．affordvt.买得起，负担得起；(有时间)做；承担得起(后果)；提供，给予[填空→激活知识]完成句子①我只买得起最便宜的那一个。Ican________________thecheapestone.②我可得罪不起老板，因为我舍不得丢掉这份工作。Imustn'tannoymybossbecauseIcan't______________________myjob.\n③我想去度假，可是抽不出时间来。I'dlovetogoonholidaybutIcan't__________________________.答案：①onlyafford②affordtolose③affordthetime\n[归纳拓展](1)afford＋n./pron.买得起……，负担得起……的费用(2)affordtodosth.负担得起干……(费用)(3)afford给予某人某物注意：afford表示“买得起，负担得起”，时常与情态动词can,could或beableto一起使用，而不与其他情态动词连用，后接名词、代词或不定式。\n[真题寻踪]①(2013·全国新课标Ⅰ卷，A篇阅读理解)Andthesedays,agooddealissomethingfewofuscanaffordtopassup.现在，我们很少有人愿意错过这样的便宜货。②(2014·陕西B篇阅读)Shecouldn'taffordtheoperationbecauseherfamilywaspoor.她付不起手术费，因为她的家庭太穷了。\n3．survivevi.死里逃生；大难不死；幸存vt.在……之后仍然生存；比……活得长[填空→激活知识]Mr.Greenwastheonly①_______(幸存者)who②__________(在地震中幸存).Hetoldushe③________________(靠……生存)abottleofmineralwater.Everyonesaidhis④__________(幸存)wasawonder.答案：①survivor②hadsurvivedtheearthquake③survivedon④survival\n[归纳拓展](1)survivesth.经历(事故/火灾/地震……)幸存下来survivesb.(by...)比某人活得长(几年)surviveonsth.靠某物维持生活(2)survivaln．幸存，残存物survivorn．幸存者，生还者\n[真题寻踪]①Onlytwopassengerssurvivedthetrafficaccident.只有两名乘客在这次事故中死里逃生。②(2014·全国卷Ⅰ，B)Foratime,afewbirdssurvivedunderhumancare.有一段时间，在人类的照顾下，一些鸟儿幸存了下来。\n4．contactvt.联络；联系(某人)；接触n．联系[填空→激活知识]句型转换①It'sbeen5yearssincetheylostcontactwitheachother.→Theyhavebeen________________________________eachotherfor5years.\n②Wearetryingtogetintocontactwiththeshipbyradio.→Wearetryingto________________________theshipbyradio.→Wearetryingto________theshipbyradio.答案：①outofcontactwith②makecontactwithcontact\n[归纳拓展]makecontactwithsb.联系某人losecontactwithsb./beoutofcontactwithsb.与某人失去联系keep/stay/beincontactwithsb.与某人保持联系getinto/incontactwithsb.与某人取得联系\n[真题寻踪](2014·江西，D)Whencommunicationbecomesmoreefficient,peopleareabletocontactoneanothernomatterwheretheyareandatwhatevertimetheywishto.当通讯更有效率时，人们就能在任何时间与地点互相联系。\n5.putup建造；举起；为……提供住宿；张贴；提高[填空→激活知识]观察句子，写出黑体部分的含义①Anewtheatrewillbeputupwherethereusedtobeatemple.()②SheputupanoticeabouttheschooltriptoHongKong.()\n③Putupyourhandifyouhaveanyquestions.()④Theyagreedtoputtwoforeignstudentsupoverthesummer.()⑤Isitrighttoputupthepriceofhouses？()答案：①建造②张贴③举起④为……提供住宿⑤提高\n[知识拓展](1)putaside储存(钱)；储存……以备用；储蓄(2)putforward提出(意见、建议)(3)putin打断；插嘴(4)putoff延期；推迟(5)puton假装；伪装；表演，上演(戏剧)；穿上，戴上(6)putout熄灭；关灭；扑灭\n(7)putupwith忍受；忍耐；受苦①Heputforwardaverygoodsuggestionatthemeeting.他在会上提出了一个很好的建议。②Ican'tputupwithhisrudenessanylonger.我再也受不了他的无礼了。\n6．payback归还(借款等)；报复[填空→激活知识]①Canyoulendme￡10andI'll_______you_________onFriday?你能借给我10英镑吗？我星期五就还你。②I'll________Jenny________forwhatshedidtome!詹妮这样对待我，我一定要向她报复！答案：①payback②payback\n[知识拓展](1)paysb.付给某人(钱、工资等)(2)payfor付……的钱(3)paysb.moneyforsth.因……付给某人钱(4)payoff还清(债务等)；成功；奏效(5)payup付清全部欠款①Ihavetopay150dollarsforthesewingmachine.我得花150美元买这台缝纫机。②AllthehardworkIhaddoneoverthesummerpaidoff.整个夏天我所做的所有艰辛工作都有了好结果。\n7．getawayfrom摆脱，逃离；离开[填空→激活知识]①Inmoderntimes,manyyoungpeople________________________homeandearnsomemoneyontheirown.在当代，许多年轻人离开家自己去挣钱。②I'mtoobusyto________________________myworkatthemoment.我此刻工作太忙，抽不开身。答案：①getawayfrom②getawayfrom\n[拓展链接]getawaywith被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚geton/alongwith与……相处；进展getdownto(doing)sth.着手(做)某事getthroughtosb.(用电话)接通某人；使某人理解[真题寻踪]Thechildoughttobepunished.Youshouldn'tlethimgetawaywithtellinglies.这孩子应该受到惩罚。对他撒谎这件事你不应该就这么算了。\n8.It'sbeensixyearssincewelastsaweachother,youknow.你知道自从上次我们见面以来已经六年了。[填空→激活知识]①_________________Ileftmyhometowntosettlehere.自从我离开家乡在这儿定居以来已经有两年了。②Itisthreemonthssincehelivedhere.译：________________________________________答案：①Ithasbeentwoyearssince②他不在这儿住已经三个月了。\n[知识拓展](1)It＋be＋时间段＋since...句型意为“自从……以来已经有多长时间了”。在本句型中从句为过去时，主句常用现在完成时或一般现在时。(2)若since从句中的动词为短暂性的，则表示“从这个动作开始到现在有多长时间了”；若动作为延续性的或表示状态的动词时，表示“从状态结束到现在有多长时间了”。\n9．AndthisisthefirsttimeI'vevisitedyourhometown.这是我第一次到你的家乡来参观。[填空→激活知识]用所给动词的正确形式填空①ThisisthethirdtimeI________(be)toGuangzhou.②ItwasthefirsttimethatI________(read)suchamovingstory.答案：①havebeen②hadread\n[归纳拓展](1)This/Itis/wasthefirst/second.../lasttime＋that从句表示“这是某人第一次/二次……/最后一次做某事”，在口语中that常省略。(2)在此句型中，主句用一般现在时，that从句中的谓语用现在完成时；主句用一般过去时，that从句中的谓语用过去完成时。\n单元语法\n现在完成时1．(2014·全国大纲卷改编)Thereportswentmissingin2012andnobody________(see)themsince.答案：hasseen考查动词时态。句意：那些报告2012年就丢失了，从那以后没有人见过它们。since为现在完成时的标志。\n2．—Mary,areyousureyouraunt_____backfromAmerica?—Yes.Mymother________me.Iamgoingtoseehernow.(come;tell)答案：hascome;told句意：——玛丽，你确定你姑姑从美国回来了？——是的。我妈妈告诉我的。我现在正要去看望她。根据句意可知第一空应用现在完成时，第二空可用一般过去时或现在完成时，但结合题意可知应用一般过去时。\n3．Bythetimeherealizesthemistakehe________，itwillbetoolateforhimtodoanythingaboutit.(make)答案：hasmade句意：在他意识到他所犯的错误的时候，再采取任何措施为时已晚。显然，在他意识到犯错误的时候，他已经犯下错误，因此应用现在完成时。\n4．—Howisyourgrandfathernow?—Oh,he________fortwoweeks.(die)答案：hasbeendead句意：——你爷爷现在怎么样了？——哦，他已经过世两周了。die是瞬间动词，其用于完成时时不能用时间段作状语。如果题目中确实有时间段的话，则完成时中应用表状态的词，因此答案为hasbeendead。\n1.(湖南高考改编)Doyouwakeupeverymorning________energeticandreadytostartanewday？(feel)答案：feeling考查非谓语动词。现在分词短语feelingenergetic作伴随状语。句意为：你每天早上醒来都感到精力充沛并准备好开始新的一天吗？\n2．(2013·陕西改编)Ihaveheardalotofgoodthingsaboutyou________Icamebackfromabroad.答案：since本题考查状语从句。句意：自从我从国外回来，我已经听说了很多关于你的好事了。由主句时态用了现在完成时，可知时间是“自从过去时间以来”，故选since“自从……以来”。若用before，时态要用过去完成时。3．(2014·江西，27改编)Anyway，we'reherenow,solet'sgetdown________someseriouswork.答案：to句意：反正我们都到了，那么我们开始认真工作吧。getdownto“着手，开始做……”，符合题意。\n基础知识巩固（点此链接）\n课时作业（点此链接）\n
