专题10文体与娱乐【美文阅读1】“IWentSkydivingat84!”Asayounggirlgrowingupinthe1930s,Ialwayswantedtoflyaplane,butbackthenitwasalmostunheardofforawomantodothat.Igotatasteofthatdreamin2011,whenmyhusbandarrangedformetorideinahotairballoonformybirthday.Buttheexperience①turnedouttobeverydull.Aroundthattime,ItoldmyhusbandthatIwantedtoskydive.Sowhenourretirementcommunityannouncedthattheywerehavinganessaycompetitionandthetopicwasanexperienceofalifetimethatyouwantedtohave,Idecidedtowriteaboutmydream.Intheessay,Iwroteaboutmydesiretoskydive,statingGeorgeBrushSr.diditatage80.Whynotme?Iwasjust84andinprettygoodhealth.AyearwentbyandIheardnothing.ButthenatacommunitypartyinlateApril2009,theyannouncedthatIwasoneofthewinners.Ijustcouldn’tbelieveit.Inspiredbythis，Idecidedtorealizemydream,eventhoughsomeofmyfamilymembersandmydoctorwereagainstit.OnJune11,2009,nearly40ofmyfamilyandfriendsgatheredintheareaclosetowhereIwouldlandwhileIheadedupintheairplane.Myinstructor,Jay,guidedmethroughtheexperience.TheplanewasthenoisiestoneIhadeverbeenin,butIwasn’tfrightened—Iwasreallyjust②lookingforwardtotheexperience.Whenwereached13,000feet,Jayinstructedmetothrowmyselfoutoftheplane.③Whenwefirsthittheair,thewindwassostrongthatIcouldhardlybreathe.ForasecondIthought,＂WhathaveIgottenmyselfinto?＂Buttheneverythinggotcalmer.WewereinafreefallforaboutaminutebeforeJayopenedtheparachute,thenwejustfloateddownwardforaboutfiveminutes.BeingupinthecloudsandlookingattheviewbelowwasunlikeanythingIhaveeverfelt—muchbetterthanthehotairballoon.Iwasjustenjoyingit.Skydivingwasreallyoneofthegreatestexperiencesofmylife.Ihopeotherpeoplewilllookatmeandrealizethatyoudon’tstoplivingjustbecauseyouare84yearsold.Ifthere’ssomethingyouwanttoexperience,④lookintoit.Ifit’ssomethingthatispossible,makeithappen.＂84岁的我高空跳伞！＂\n作为一个成长于19世纪30年代的年轻女孩，我一直梦想着能够驾驶飞机，但是，在当时一个女人来做这样的事情可以说是骇人听闻。2001年，我终于亲身体验了一下那个梦想。作为生日礼物，我的丈夫为我安排了一次热气球旅行。但是那次经历对我毫无吸引力。大约就在那时，我告诉丈夫我想尝试高空跳伞。因此当我们的退休社区宣布要举办一个题为＂你想拥有的一次人生经历＂的作文比赛时，我决定写一下我的梦想。在那篇文章里，我写下了我想高空跳伞的愿望，并写到老乔治·布什在80岁高龄时曾经做过这件事。那么我为什么不能呢？我才84岁，而且健康状况良好。一年过去了，我没有得到任何回音。但是，在2009年4月底的一个社区聚会上，他们宣布我是获奖者之一，真是令人难以置信。受到激励的我决定去实现自己的梦想，尽管我的几个家人和医生都反对这个想法。2009年6月11日，我昂首挺胸登上飞机，我的将近40个家人和朋友聚集在我将要着陆的地方。我的教练，杰伊，在一旁全程指导我。这架飞机是我所乘坐过的噪音最大的飞机，但是我并不害怕——因为我真的是非常期待这次经历。当我们攀升到13000英尺的时候，杰伊指导我跳出机舱。我们刚接触到机舱外的空气时，风很大我几乎无法呼吸。有一刻，我想，＂我究竟想得到什么啊？＂但是接下来一切恢复了平静。我们自由下落了大约一分钟后，杰伊打开了降落伞，然后我们继续向下飘落了大约五分钟。漂浮在白云中，欣赏着下面的美景，这不同于我以往的任何经历——比做热气球棒多了。我真心享受这次这种感觉。高空跳伞是我一生中最好的一次经历。我希望其他人能看看我，并且领悟到一个人不能因为自己已经84岁就不再享受生活。如果你想去体验某个事物，那么就去研究它吧。如果它确实可行，那么就让你的美梦成真吧。重点单词:1.skydive['skaɪdaɪv]vi.花样跳伞2.community[kə'mjuːnɪtɪ]n.社区3.parachute['pærəʃuːt]n.降落伞重点短语/亮点句式：1.turnout作＂结果是，被证明是＂讲时，后面可以跟名词、形容词、不定式和从句。如：Ifthedayturnsoutwetwemayhavetochangeourplans.万一下雨的话，我们也许得改变计划。Thedayturnedout(tobe)afineday.那天倒是好天气。Avastcrowdturnedouttowatchthematch.大群的观众到场观看比赛。\nItturnedoutthathewasneverthere.原来他根本没去过那儿。2.lookforwardto盼望，期待（其中to是介词）。如：We’relookingforwardtothecomingholiday.我们在盼望着即将到来的假期。WelookforwardtoworkingwithChinaasitworkstowarditsgoals.我们期待着在中国努力朝其目标迈进时与之共同努力。3.Whenwefirsthittheair,thewindwassostrongthatIcouldhardlybreathe.我们刚接触到机舱外的空气时，风很大我几乎无法呼吸。这是一个主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句，主句中又含有一个由that引导的结果状语从句。so…that意为＂如此……以至于＂。如：WhenthefootballfanssawBeckham,theygotsoexcitedthattheycriedout.当球迷们看到贝克汉姆时，他们激动地大声呼喊。4.lookinto调查，研究；向……里面看；浏览。如：Thepolicearelookingintothepearlrobbery.警方正在调查这起珠宝抢劫案。Helookedintotheboxtoseeifthetoolwasthere.他朝箱子里看，看看工具是否在里面。Helookedintoseveralbookstokillthetime.他游览了几本书以消磨时间。【美文阅读2】导读：出行的时候，大多数人会选择最快、最短、最好走的路。作者却在一次意外的经历中体会到绕行的魅力。CharmoftheDetourPoetWilliamStaffordoncesaidthatwearedefinedmorebythedetoursinlifethanbythenarrowroadtowardgoals.Ilikethisimage.①ButitwasquitebyaccidentthatIdiscoveredthedeepmeaningofhiswords.ForyearswemadethelongdrivefromourhomeinSeattletomyparents’homeinBoiseinninehours.Wetraveledthewaymostpeopledo:thefastest,shortesteasiestroad,especiallywhenIwasalonewithfournoisy,restlesskidswhohateconfinementandhavestrongopinions\nabouteverything.Roadtripsfeltrisky,soIwoulddrivefast,stoppingonlywhenIhadto.②Wewouldsticktothefreewaysandarrivetired.ButthenBanner,ourlambwasborn.HewasrejectedbyhismamadaysbeforeourplannedtriptoBoise.Ihadtwochoices:leaveBannerwithmyhusband,ortakehimwithme.Myhusbandmadethedecisionforme.ThatishowIfoundmyselfontheroadwithfourkids,ababylambandnothingbutmyeverlastingoptimismtoseemethrough.Wetookthecountryroadsoutofnecessity.Wehadtostopeveryhour,letBannershakeouthislegsandfeedhim.Thekidschasedhimandoneanother.They’dgetbackinthecarbreathlessandenergized,smellingfreshfromthecoldair.Weexploredsideroads,catchinggrasshoppersinwaist-highgrass.Evenifwesimplylookedoutofthecarwindowsatbabypigsfollowingtheirmother,orfishleapingoutofthewater,itwasbetterthanthebestridedownthefreeway.Herewaslife.Andnewhorizons.Weeventuallyarrivedatmyparents’doorstepastonishinglyfreshandfullofstories.Igrewbravewiththetripbackhomeandcreativewithmydiscipliningtechnique.Onanemptysectionofroad,everyonestartedquarreling.Istoppedthecar,orderedallkidsoutandtoldthemtomeetmeupahead.Iparkedmycarhalfamileawayandreadmybookinsweetsilence.Someroadtripsarebynecessityfastandstraight.ButthattripwithBanneropenedoureyestoaworldavailabletoanyoneadventurousenoughtowanderaroundandmademerealizethatadetourmayuncoverthebestpartofajourney----andthebestpartofyourself.绕行的魅力诗人威廉·斯塔福德曾经说过，我们更多地是被人生中的绕行路所定义而不是通往目标的那条狭窄的小径。我喜欢这种观点。但是我却是一次偶然的机会才发现了这句话的深层含义。多年以来，我们会从位于西雅图的家开车长途跋涉9个小时去我父母位于博伊西的家。我们出行的方式和大多数人一样：选择最快、最短、最好走的路，尤其是当我一个人带着四个吵闹不休的孩子回家时，他们是讨厌受到限制，对一切事情都有着强烈的看法。自己驾车出行让人感觉有些冒险，因此我把车子开得很快，没有必要绝不停车。我们总是坚持走高速公路，每次到达的时候都会疲惫不堪。但是后来，我们家的小羊羔班纳出生了。就在我们准备启程去博伊西的前几天，他被妈妈抛弃了。我只有两个选择：把班纳丢给丈夫或者带着他上路。丈夫替我做好了决定。\n于是我就带着四个孩子、一只小羊羔上路了，陪伴我的只有总是帮我渡过难关的乐观主义。出于必要，我们走的乡间公路。每个小时我们都得停下来，让班纳活动活动小腿儿并且喂他吃些东西。孩子们追逐着小羊羔，也追逐着彼此。随后他们会气喘吁吁却又精力充沛地回到车上，全身上下带着外面冷空气的清新。我们在小路上探险，在齐腰高的草丛中捉蚂蚱。即使我们只是从车窗的玻璃看着小猪崽儿跟着妈妈跑来跑去，或者看着鱼儿跃出水面，这样也比之前高速公路上最好的旅程还要棒。这才是生活。这才是新的视野。最后我们来到了我父母家的门前，每个人都出人意料地神清气爽，装满了故事。回程的时候我的胆子大了起来，还创造出了约束孩子们的办法。在一段空旷的路上，孩子们争吵起来。我停下车子，命令他们全部下车，然后告诉他们自己走到前面和我会和。车子开出半里地之后，我停下来，在一片静谧中开始读书。人生中有些路程必然会笔直、迅速。但是那次带着班纳的行程打开了我们的视野，让我们看到了一个任何人都可以去冒险的世界，也让我意识到一次绕行可能会为我们揭开旅程中最美的一段——也是我们内心最美的部分。【重点单词】1.detour['diːtʊə]n.绕道2.confinement[kən'faɪnmənt]n.限制3.energize['enədʒaɪz]vt.使活跃；供给…能量4.grasshopper['grɑːshɒpə]n.蚱蜢；蝗虫5.horizon[hə'raɪz(ə)n]n.视野；眼界【重点短语/亮点句式】1.ButitwasquitebyaccidentthatIdiscoveredthedeepmeaningofhiswords.但是我却是一次偶然的机会才发现了这句话的深层含义。(1)byaccident偶然；意外地。如：Thetrafficaccidentwasbornalmostaccidentally.这个交通事故的发生几乎纯属偶然。(2)本句使用了强调句型，强调状语quitebyaccident。如：Itisfromthesunthatwegetlightandheat.我们是从太阳那里获得光和热。2.Wewouldsticktothefreewaysandarrivetired.我们总是坚持走高速公路，每次到达的时候都会疲惫不堪。\n(1)本句中的tired是形容词作状语，类似的句子文中还有：They’dgetbackinthecarbreathlessandenergized,smellingfreshfromthecoldair.随后他们会气喘吁吁却又精力充沛地回到车上，全身上下带着外面冷空气的清新。Weeventuallyarrivedatmyparents’doorstepastonishinglyfreshandfullofstories.最后我们来到了我父母家的门前，每个人都出人意料地神清气爽，装满了故事。(2)stickto坚持，坚守。如：Wemuststicktoourtasktillitisfinished.我们必须继续工作，直至做好为止。【练习】1._______andhappy,Tomstoodupandacceptedtheprize.A.SurprisingB.SurprisedC.BeingsurprisedD.Tobesurprising2.WhatdoestheauthordiscoverfromthetripaccordingtoParagraph6?答案：1.B句意：惊喜交加，汤姆站起来接受了奖品。形容词surprised在句中作状语。2.Gettingclosetonatureaddstothejoyoflife.＂文体与娱乐＂是高中英语新课标话题之一，亦是高考常考话题，历年高考英语都可觅其踪迹。本话题包括电影和戏剧、音乐和舞蹈、影视节目、体育锻炼、球类运动、田径运动、文体竞赛(包括奥运会OlympicGames,世界杯Wor1dCup、足球联赛FootballLeague、全国运动会NationalGames、世界大学生运动会WorldUniversityGames;Universidad等)、观众与粉丝等。通过该话题的学习和考查，可以让学生初步了解电影电视剧作、重视体育锻炼、了解国内外重大体育赛事等，促进他们的爱国热情。在2018~2020年的高考英语当中，该话题常以听力、阅读理解、书面表达等形式出现，特别是2017年新课标卷III书面表达，2016年全国卷III完形填空，2016年天津卷完形填空，2016年四川卷阅读理解A篇，2016年江苏卷阅读理解D篇，2015年全国卷Ⅱ七选五及完形填空；2015年北京卷书面表达，2014年大纲卷阅读理解E篇，2014年江西卷阅读理解A篇等。【必备词汇】1.文娱类(1)acrosstalk相声\n(2)lines台词；director导演(3)character人物，角色(4)TVprograms电视节目(5)TVseries电视系列片(6)comedy喜剧；tragedy悲剧(7)OscarAwards奥斯卡奖(8)cartoon/animation卡通片/动画片(9)instrument乐器(10)folkmusic民乐(11)sciencefictionfilm科幻片(12)romance爱情片2.体育类(1)event体育项目(2)game/competition比赛(3)champion冠军(4)championship锦标赛(5)stadium运动场、体育场(6)ground/field场地；track跑道(7)tennis网球；court网球场(8)goldmedal金牌(9)performance表现(10)breaktherecord打破记录(11)recordholder记录保持者(12)audience/spectator观众(13)coach教练员；judge裁判(14)competitor/player/athlete运动员，参赛者(15)applause(n.)/applaud(v.)鼓掌，热情称赞【词汇练习】A.基础单词\n1.n.委员会2.adj.现代的，当代的；同一时代的3.n.奖牌，奖章，勋章4.n.&vt.尝试，努力，试图5.adv.否则，不然6.n.&vi.&vt.预算；编制预算7.n.协会，社团；关联；联想8.n.球门；射门，进球得分；目标9.n.裁判；推荐人10.n.&vi.哨子，口哨；呼啸，鸣叫；吹口哨，吹哨子11.adj.愤愤不平的；令人不快的；味苦的；严寒的12.adv.与此同时；在此期间13.vt.打成平局；(用绳、线)系，绑，捆14.adj.宝贵的，珍贵的15.vt.去除，移开；开除；免除，解除(职务)B.词汇拓展16.n.力量；能量；影响力；权力；统治vt.驱动，提供动力→adj.强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的→adv.强有力地；强大地；强烈地17.adj.愉快的，高兴的→n.&vt.快乐，高兴；使高兴→adj.令人愉快的，可喜的18.n.重要性，意义→adj.重要的，有意义的19.vi.比赛；竞争→n.竞争，竞赛→adj.竞争的；竞赛的→n.竞争者；对手20.vt.使激动，使兴奋→adj.兴奋的，激动的→adj.令人激动的，使人兴奋的21.n.&vt.尊敬；荣幸；尊重(某人)→adj.光荣的，可敬的22.n.缺席，不在场；不存在→adj.缺席的，不在场的C.短语互译23.为向……表示敬意24.一起，共同；肩并肩，并排25.(在逆境中)坚持26.被提出\n27.领先28.keep...undercontrol29.makewayfor30.hopefor31.everyfouryears32.berelatedto【答案】 1.committee 2.contemporary 3.medal4.attempt 5.otherwise 6.budget 7.association8.goal 9.referee 10.whistle 11.bitter 12.meanwhile13.tie 14.precious 15.remove 16.power；powerful；powerfully 17.delighted；delight；delightful 18.significance；significant 19.compete；competition；competitive；competitor 20.excite；excited；exciting 21.honour；honourable 22.absence；absent23.inhonourof 24.sidebyside 25.hangon26.comeup 27.leadtheway 28.控制住，使……处于控制之下 29.给……让路，让位于……30.希望，期待 31.每四年一次 32.与……相关 I．阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ARacewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.Racewalkersareconditionedathletes.ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50-kilometerracewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.Butthesport’s\nrulesrequirethataracewalker’skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontact(接触)withthegroundatalltimes.It’sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,shesays,Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormorecaloriesperhour.However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays.Accordingtoherresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodonotleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner’sknee,areuncommonamongracewalkers.Butthesport’sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousinadoptingthesport.Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique,shesays.Ittakessomepractice.1.Whyareracewalkersconditionedathletes?A.Theymustrunlongdistances.B.Theyarequalifiedforthemarathon.C.Theyhavetofollowspecialrules.D.Theyaregoodatswingingtheirlegs.2.Whatadvantagedoesracewalkinghaveoverrunning?A.It’smorepopularattheOlympics.B.It’slesschallengingphysically.C.It’smoreeffectiveinbodybuilding.D.It’slesslikelytocausekneeinjuries.3.WhatisDr.Norberg’ssuggestionforsomeonetryingracewalking?A.Gettingexperts’opinions.B.Havingamedicalcheckup.\nC.Hiringanexperiencedcoach.D.Doingregularexercises.4.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetoracewalking?A.Skeptical.B.Objective.C.Tolerant.D.Conservative.BThetriathlonisademandingsport.Manysaythatitisarealtestofanathlete’sbodyandmind.Itisdifficultbecauseitisthreesportsinone.Itincludesswimmingfor13.86kilometers,bicyclingfor180kilometers,andrunningfor42.2kilometers.Thetoptriathletesfinishallthreeeventsinabout8hours.Thissportisarealchallenge.First,ittakestimetotrainforcompetitions.Somepeoplespendupto8monthstrainingfortherace.Second,ittakesmoneytocompete.Theequipmentisnotcheap.Bicyclesforthiseventcancostupto$10,000.Top-qualityswimminggear(用具)andrunningshoesareexpensive.Third,athletesmusthavestrongminds.Ittakeswillpower(意志力)topushthemselvestokeeptrainingtoreachtheirgoal.Thetriathlonisarecentsport.TriathlonsbeganinCaliforniaintheearly1970s.In1978,competitorsheldthefirstprofessionaltriathlonraceinHawaii.In1982,thisracebecamefamousbecauseofthetelevisedperformanceofJulieMoss.Itwasherfirstcompetition.Exhausted,shewasrunningtowardthefinishline.Suddenly,3metersbeforetheline,shefelldown.Shetriedtogetup,butshekeptfalling.Shefinallycrawled(爬)acrossthefinishline.Shelostthatyear,butshetriedagain.Finally,in1985,shewon.Thiswasthestartofthetriathlon'spopularity.Today,triathlonsaremuchmorepopularamongordinaryathletes.Peopleofallagescancompete,aslongastheyareingoodphysicalcondition.Infact,ithasbecomeagreatfamilysport.Triathletesarespecialpeoplewhohavetimeintheirlivesforcareers(事业)andfamilies.Mostarehighlyeducatedandearntopsalaries(薪水)intheirjobs.Manytriathletesarehappilymarried.Infact,two-thirdsoftriathletessaythattheirtraininghasapositiveinfluenceontheirmarriages.Today,thetriathlonisanOlympicsportandarespectedeventworldwide.5.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Theoriginofthetriathlon.B.Therulesofthetriathlon.\nC.Thereasonswhythetriathlonishard.D.Thestepstoprepareforthetriathlon.6.Whatmadethetriathlonbecomewell-known?A.TheinfluenceofTVinHawaii.B.ThelivebroadcastontheInternet.C.Theformofthesport—threeinone.D.Theunbelievableperformanceofanathlete.7.Mosttriathletes’attitudetowardsthetriathlonis____________.A.supportiveB.unfavorableC.uncertainD.worriedCTheannualmarathoninmytownoccurredasscheduled.Myjobwastofollowbehindtherunnersinanambulanceincaseanyofthemneededmedicalattention.Astheathletesbegantopacethemselves,thefrontrunnersstartedtodisappear.ItwasthenthatmyeyesweredrawntothewomaninbluerunningshortsandabaggywhiteT-shirt.Iknewwewerealreadywatchingour“lastrunner”.Herfeetwereturnedin,yetherleftkneewasturnedout.Herlegsweresocrippledandbentthatitseemedimpossibleforhertowalk,letalonerunamarathon.ThedriverandIwatchedinsilenceassheslowlymovedforward.Wewouldmoveforwardalittlebit,thenstopandwaitforhertogainsomedistance.Thenwe’dslowlymoveforwardalittlebitmore.AsIwatchedherstruggletoputonefootinfrontoftheother,Ifoundmyselfbreathingforherandurgingherforward.Iwantedhertostop,andatthesametime,Iprayedthatshewouldn’t.Finally,shewastheonlyrunnerleftinsight.Isatontheedgeofmyseatandwatchedwithrespectandamazementasshepushedforwardwithsheerdeterminationthroughthelastmiles.Whenthefinishlinecameintosight,thecheeringcrowdshadlonggonehome.Yet,standingstraightandproudwaitedaman.Hewasholdingoneendofaribbontiedtoapost.Sheslowlycrossedthrough,leavingbothendsoftheribbonfluttering(飘动)behindher.Idon’tknowthiswoman’sname,butthatdayshebecameapartofmylife—apartIoftendependon.Forher,itwasn’taboutbeatingtheotherrunnersorwinningaprize.Itwasaboutfinishingwhatshehadsetouttodo.WhenIthinkthingsaretoodifficultorIgetthose“I-just-can’t-do-it,”Ithinkofthelastrunner.ThenIrealizehoweasythetaskbeforeme\nreallyis.8.Whatwordscanbestdescribethewoman?A.Proudanddetermined.B.Strong-willedandhonorable.C.Modestandcourageous.D.Diligentandconsiderate.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“crippled”inparagraph2mean?A.Disabled.B.Healthy.C.Perfect.D.Strong.10.Whathastheauthorlearntfromthewoman?A.Don’tdependonotherswhenfacinghardships.B.Nothingistootoughtoaccomplishifoneisbraveenough.C.Thedisabledcanalsorunamarathondespitetheirwalkingdifficulty.D.It’snotwinningbutfinishingthethingwestartthatreallymatters.11.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AHumorousStranger.B.AnUnforgettableJob.C.TheLastRunner.D.TheAnnualMarathon.DAsthenovelcoronavirusrapidlyspreadingtoabout70nations,manycountriesarecancelingtheirmajorsportingandculturalevents.Already,majordomestic(国内的)eventsinChina,includingtheNationalPeople’sCongressandtheWorldAthleticsIndoorChampionships,havealreadybeenpostponed(推迟).Nowtherestoftheworldseemstobefollowingsuit.Theworldofsoccerisalsobeingaffected.InItaly,severalmatchesinFebruarywereplayedbehindcloseddoors(withoutspectators).Meanwhile,entiresoccerleaguesinJapan,SouthKorea,andChina'sSuperLeaguehaveallbeenplacedonhold(暂停).ThereisalsothepossibilitythatEuro2020—aninternationalsoccertournamentforEuropeanteams—couldbecancelled.Whenaskedaboutthecancellations,FIFApresidentGianniInfantinosaid,“Thehealthofpersonsismuchmoreimportantthananyfootballgame.Ifgameshavetobepostponed,thenwehavetogothroughthat.”Theoutbreakisalsoimpactingculturaleventsaroundtheworld.FacingEurope’slargestCOVID-19epidemic,withover2,000confirmedcases(确诊病例)sofar,ItalyalsocutshortitsiconicVenicecarnival(狂欢节)andMilanFashionWeekshow.Thelatterwasbeinglive-streamed\nfromanemptytheater.Now,thebiggesteventindoubtistheTokyo2020OlympicGames.Heldeveryfouryears,theeventattractshundredsofthousandsofpeopleandhasnotbeenpostponedsince1944—duetoWorldWarII.SettobeginonJuly24,Japaneseofficialsremainoptimistic.Inapressconference,ToshiroMuto,Tokyo2020CEOsaid,boththeOlympicsandParalympics(残奥会)willgoaheadasplanned.Headded,“Thesituationofthecoronavirusinfectionisdifficulttopredict,butwewilltakemeasures[so]thatwe’llhaveasafeOlympicGames.”SpeakingtotheWashingtonPostabouttheGames,infectious(传染的)diseaseresearcherYvonneMaldonadosaid,“Youbringmanypeopletogether,andthenyoushipthembackallovertheworld:That’stheperfectwaytotransmit.Ifyouwanttodisseminate(传播)adisease,thatwouldbethewaytodoit.”OnFeb26,theWorldHealthOrganizationsaidtheviruswasspreadingfasteroutsideChinathaninsideforthefirsttime,prompting(敦促)manycountriestofollowChina’sstrictisolationmeasures.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“followingsuit”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Doingwhatyouwant.B.Doingwhatyouaretold.C.Doingwhatothersaredoing.D.Doingwhatothersdon’tdo.13.Whatdoweknowaboutsomeeventsindifferentcountries?A.VeniceCarnivalwaslivestreamedthisyear.B.Euro2020willprobablynotbeheldasplanned.C.ManysoccermatcheswerecanceledinItalylastmonth.D.SoccerleaguesinJapanandSouthKoreaplayedbehindcloseddoors.14.WhatwouldYvonneMaldonadosuggesttoJapaneseofficialsaboutthe2020Olympics?A.Theyshouldputitoff.B.Theyshouldgiveitup.C.Theyshouldholditasscheduled.D.Theyshouldchangetoanothercity.\nA【答案】1.C2.D3.A4.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了竞走相比跑步有诸多的优势，但是之前受过伤的人，要想从事这样运动要谨慎，最好咨询专家的建议。1.细节理解题。根据第二段“Butthesport’srulesrequirethataracewalker’skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontactwiththegroundatalltimes.”可知，但这项运动的规则要求竞走者的膝盖在摆动腿的大部分时间保持伸直，一只脚始终与地面接触。由此可知，竞走运动员是需要具备某些条件的运动员是因为运动员需要遵守特殊的规则。故选C项。2.细节理解题。根据最后一段“Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner’sknee,areuncommonamongracewalkers.”可知，一些与跑步有关的损伤，比如跑步者的膝盖，在竞走者中并不常见。由此可知，竞走与跑步相比的优势是不太可能导致膝盖受伤。故选D项。3.细节理解题。根据最后一段Dr.Norberg说的话“Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique(事实上，任何想尝试竞走的人都应该首先咨询教练或有经验的竞走运动员，学习适当的技巧。)”可知，Dr.Norberg建议想尝试竞走的人征询专家的建议。故选A项。4.推理判断题。根据第一段“Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.”可知，研究表明，竞走和跑步一样有很多健身益处，而且它还很少导致受伤。不过，它也有自己的问题。由此判断出作者对于竞走的态度是客观的。故选B项。B【答案】5.C6.D7.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，铁人三项的起源和受欢迎度，是一项要求很高的运动。5.主旨大意题。由第二段“Thissportisarealchallenge.First,ittakestimetotrainforcompetitions.Somepeoplespendupto8monthstrainingfortherace.Second,ittakesmoneytocompete.Theequipmentisnotcheap.Bicyclesforthiseventcancostupto$10,000.Top-qualityswimminggear(用具)andrunningshoesareexpensive.Third,athletesmusthavestrongminds.Ittakeswillpower(意志力)topushthemselvestokeeptrainingtoreachtheirgoal.\n”（这项运动是一项真正的挑战。首先，训练比赛需要时间。有些人花了长达8个月的时间训练比赛。第二，竞争需要钱。设备不便宜。这次活动的自行车价格高达1万美元。上等的游泳用具和跑鞋都很贵。第三，运动员必须有坚强的意志。它需要意志力来推动自己不断地训练以达到目标。），可知第二段主要讲铁人三项赛难的原因。故选C项。6.推理判断题。由第三段中的“In1982,thisracebecamefamousbecauseofthetelevisedperformanceofJulieMoss.Itwasherfirstcompetition.Exhausted,shewasrunningtowardthefinishline.Suddenly,3metersbeforetheline,shefelldown.Shetriedtogetup,butshekeptfalling.Shefinallycrawled(爬)acrossthefinishline.Shelostthatyear,butshetriedagain.Finally,in1985,shewon.Thiswasthestartofthetriathlon'spopularity.”（1982年，这场比赛因为朱莉·莫斯的电视表现而出名。这是她第一次参加比赛。她筋疲力尽，朝终点跑去。突然，在队伍前方3米处，她摔倒了。她试图站起来，但一直摔倒。她终于爬过了终点线。那一年她输了，但她再试了一次。最后，在1985年，她赢了。这是铁人三项运动流行的开始。），可推断出是运动员令人难以置信的表现让铁人三项运动闻名于世。故选D项。7.推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Infact,two-thirdsoftriathletessaythattheirtraininghasapositiveinfluenceontheirmarriages.Today,thetriathlonisanOlympicsportandarespectedeventworldwide.”（事实上，三分之二的铁人说他们的训练对他们的婚姻有积极的影响。今天，铁人三项是一项奥林匹克运动，是全世界受人尊敬的活动。），可知铁人训练有好处，可推断出大多数铁人支持铁人三项。故选A项。C【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者作为工作人员参加马拉松比赛，目睹一位脚有问题的女人坚持跑完马拉松的过程，并且这个最后一位跑步者一直激励作者以后生活的道路。8.推理判断题。根据倒数第三段Isatontheedgeofmyseatandwatchedwithrespectandamazementasshepushedforwardwithsheerdeterminationthroughthelastmiles.可知，我坐在座位边上，带着敬意和惊讶看着她坚定地向前走了最后几英里。以及最后一段Idon’tknowthiswoman’sname,butthatdayshebecameapartofmylife—apartIoftendependon.Forher,itwasn’taboutbeatingtheotherrunnersorwinningaprize.Itwasaboutfinishingwhatshehadsetouttodo.WhenIthinkthingsaretoodifficultorIgetthose“I-just-can’t-do-it,”Ithinkofthelastrunner.ThenIrealizehoweasythetaskbeforemereallyis.可知我不知道这个女人的名字，但从那天起，她就成了我生活的一部分——\n我经常依赖的一部分。对她来说，这不是打败其他赛跑者或赢得奖品的问题。这是关于完成她已经开始做的事情。当我认为事情太困难或者我得到那些“我只是不能做”的时候，我就会想到最后一个跑步者。然后我意识到我面前的任务是多么的简单。由此可推知，作者认为，这个女人虽然一位脚有问题，但是意志坚强地走完了最后几英里，且她的行为也让作者一直铭记，成立作者生活的一部分，说明作者觉得这个有残疾的女人是值得尊敬的。故选B。9.词义猜测题。根据上文Herfeetwereturnedin,yetherleftkneewasturnedout.她的脚朝里，但左膝朝外。以及后文bentthatitseemedimpossibleforhertowalk,letalonerunamarathon.可知这个女人的腿弯曲，似乎不可能走路，更不用说跑马拉松了。由此可知，这个女人腿有残疾，故划线单词意思为“残疾的”。A.Disabled.残疾的；B.Healthy.健康的；C.Perfect.完美的；D.Strong.强壮的。故选A。10.推理判断题。根据最后一段Idon’tknowthiswoman’sname,butthatdayshebecameapartofmylife—apartIoftendependon.Forher,itwasn’taboutbeatingtheotherrunnersorwinningaprize.Itwasaboutfinishingwhatshehadsetouttodo.WhenIthinkthingsaretoodifficultorIgetthose“I-just-can’t-do-it,”Ithinkofthelastrunner.ThenIrealizehoweasythetaskbeforemereallyis.可知我不知道这个女人的名字，但从那天起，她就成了我生活的一部分——我经常依赖的一部分。对她来说，这不是打败其他赛跑者或赢得奖品的问题。这是关于完成她已经开始做的事情。当我认为事情太困难或者我得到那些“我只是不能做”的时候，我就会想到最后一个跑步者。然后我意识到我面前的任务是多么的简单。由此可以推断作者从这个女人身上学到的，不是胜利而是坚持到底才是最重要的，故选D。11.主旨大意题。根据最后一段中WhenIthinkthingsaretoodifficultorIgetthose“I-just-can’t-do-it,”Ithinkofthelastrunner.ThenIrealizehoweasythetaskbeforemereallyis.可知当我认为事情太困难或者我得到那些“我只是不能做”的时候，我就会想到最后一个跑步者。然后我意识到我面前的任务是多么的简单。结合本文主要讲述作者作为工作人员参加马拉松比赛，目睹一位脚有问题的女人坚持跑完马拉松的过程，并且这个最后一位跑步者一直激励作者以后生活的道路。所以C选项“最后一位跑步者”为短文最佳标题，更吸引读者，故选C。D【答案】12.C13.B14.A【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。虽然日本相关官员近日表示，东京奥运会正按原计划进行准备，没有改变，但随着新冠肺炎疫情在日本及全球范围内持续蔓延，外界担忧并未消除，疫情之下，东京奥运会还能如期举行吗？12.\n词句猜测题。根据第二段第一句提到“在我国国内，全国人民代表大会、世界田径室内锦标赛等大型活动都已延期”。第三段提到“在意大利，二月几场足球比赛都未公开举行，日本、韩国所有的足球联赛已全部停赛”等内容，所以“Nowtherestoftheworldseemstobefollowingsuit.”的意思是“如今世界各国似乎也开始纷纷效仿”，所以划线短语“followingsuit”的意思是“效仿”。故选C项。13.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ThereisalsothepossibilitythatEuro2020—aninternationalsoccertournamentforEuropeanteams—couldbecancelled.(2020年欧洲杯足球赛——一场欧洲球队的国际足球锦标赛——也有可能被取消)”可知，2020年欧洲杯足球赛可能不会如期举行。故选B项。14.推理判断题。根据第六段中YvonneMaldonado说的话“Youbringmanypeopletogether,andthenyoushipthembackallovertheworld:That’stheperfectwaytotransmit.Ifyouwanttodisseminate(传播)adisease,thatwouldbethewaytodoit.(将许多人聚集到一起，然后再让他们回到世界各地去：这是传播的完美途径。如果想要传播一场疾病，这就是传播的方法)”可推知，YvonneMaldonado认为聚集性的活动会导致疾病传播。由此可推测出，他建议日本官方推迟2020年东京奥运会。故选A项。
