考前提分必刷题(十九)对应学生用书(单独成册)第251页Ⅰ.单词拼写1．I'msorrytobotheryouwithsomanyquestionsonsuchanoccasion.2．Heobjectedtotheplanbecauseitwasdangerous.3．Heoweshissuccesstothesupportandencouragementofhisparents.4．Hedialedthenumberandwaited，butitdidn'tgetthrough.5．Iwillworkhardtoliveuptoyourexpectations．6．ThisisthemostchallengingtaskI'veundertaken(从事)．7．Heobtained(获得)adriver'slicenseafterthreemonthtraining.8．Youmustobeytheregulations(规章)ofthegame.9．Theychattedmerrily(愉快地)．10．Theyaskedhertobemerciful(仁慈的)totheprisoners.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Lilyhasagreatmusical(music)gift；shepromisestobeasuccessfulsinger.2．IfI'mnotmistaken(mistake)，that'sthemanwesawonthebus.3．Hewouldhaveattendedyourbirthdayparty，butheoccupiedhimselfwithaveryimportantexperiment.4．Obviously(obvious)，AmericanspellingissimplerthanBritishspelling.5．Althoughallpeoplecouldtakepartintheactivity，mostoftheparticipants(participate)wereyoungpeople.Ⅲ.熟词生义(根据语境写出加黑词的词性及词义)1．pronounce(熟义：v.发音)Thejudgepronouncedagainstherappeal.v.宣布，宣称，判决2．question(熟义：n.问题)Herhonestyhasneverbeenquestioned.v.对……表示或感到怀疑3．room(熟义：n．房间)Thereisplentyofroomforimprovementinyourwork.n.余地，空间4．run(熟义：v．跑，行驶)Hehasnoideaofhowtorunasuccessfulbusiness.v.经营，管理5．spot(熟义：n．斑点，污迹，地点，场所)Shespottedherfriendinthecrowd.v.瞥见，发现Ⅳ.重点句式1．这些年来地球逐渐变暖的事实，使科学家们非常担心。(同位语从句)Thefacthasworriedmanyscientiststhat__the__earth__is__becoming__warmer__and__warmertheseyears.2．其优点是如果你能讲流利的英语，你更有可能找到好工作。(表语从句)The__advantage__is__thatifyoucanspeakEnglishfluently，youaremorelikelytofindagoodjob.3．接受医生的建议，你很快就会好起来的。(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)Followyourdoctor'sadvice，and__you__willgetbettersoon.对应学生用书(单独成册)第251页Ⅴ.阅读理解(2020·山东省泰安市第三次模考)Ateamoffarmers，universityresearchersandenvironmentalistsisbusyatworkinthewetlandsofeasternEngland.Theyarediggingintothearea'swheatfields，lookingforwetearththatcouldhidelostponds\nunderneath.Ittakesthegroupofdiggersjustafewhourstorevive(使复活)onedyingpond.It'snearHindolveston，athousandyearoldvillageclosetotheNorthSea.“Assoonastheburiedpondsgetwaterandlight，theyjustspringtolife，”saysNickAnema，afarmerinnearbyDereham.He'sbroughtsevenpondsonhisfarmbacktolife.“Frogsandalltheinsectslikedragonfliescanbeseenhereagain，”hesaid.Butthebattleforthewetlandsisastruggle.Whileeffortstostoplossesarecontinuing，wetlandsaroundtheworldarestillbeingfilledinandcoveredup.Overthepastthreecenturies，almost90%oftheworld'swetlandshavedisappeared.Thelossratehasincreasedsincethe1970s，withwetlandsnowdisappearingthreetimesfasterthantheworld'sforests.Some5，000wetlanddependentanimalspeciescoulddieoutbecauseofsuchlosses.Wetlandlosscanalsoaffecthumanbeings.Wetlandsactasnaturalstorageareasforwater.Losingthoseareascouldleadtomoresevereflooding，inmanypartsoftheworld.Andtheactofremovingwaterfromwetlandscanreleasehugeamountsofcarbondioxide，amajorcontributortoclimatechange.Humanmadewetlands，however，aren'tdecreasinginnumber.Ricefields，waterreservoirsandagriculturalstock，pondshaveallincreasedsincethe1970s.Yetscientistsareconcernedaboutthisphenomenon.“Peoplebrag(自夸)aboutthefactthatthere'sbeennonetloss(净损失)ofwetlands.Butwhatthey'vedoneisdestroynaturalwetlandsandcreateartificialones，”saysStuartPimm，aDukeUniversityprofessor.“Itmakesitlooklikeyou'redoingnoharmwhentherealityisverydifferent.”[语篇类型] 说明文[主题语境] 人与自然——自然生态——拯救湿地[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。湿地具有多种功能：保护生物多样性、调节径流、改善水质、调节气候以及提供食物及工业原料等，被称为“地球之肾”。然而，天然湿地面积逐年减少，因此，拯救湿地迫在眉睫。1．What'stheteam'sworkineasternEnglandintendedfor?A．Diggingwetearthforresearch.B．Researchingintoanoldvillage.C．Bringingdyingpondsbacktolife.D．Findingwetlandscreatedbypeople.解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Theyarediggingintothearea'swheatfields，lookingforwetearththatcouldhidelostpondsunderneath.Ittakesthegroupofdiggersjustafewhourstoreviveonedyingpond.”可知，那群人正在努力地拯救湿地，恢复垂死的池塘的生机。故选C。答案：C2．WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A．Variousfunctionsofwetlands.B．Seriousconsequencesofwetlandloss.C．Wetlands'keyroleinclimatechange.D．Wetlands'importancetolivingthings.解析：段落大意题。文章第四段说到“大约5000种依赖湿地生存的动物物种可能因为湿地丧失而灭绝。湿地的丧失也会影响到人类。湿地是水的天然储存区。失去这些地区可能导致世界许多地区发生更严重的洪灾。并且从湿地中抽水的行为会释放出大量的二氧化碳，这是造成气候变化的一个主要因素”。由此可以推断，本段主要是介绍湿地丧失的严重后果。故选B。答案：B3．WhichofthefollowingreflectsStuartPimm'sopinion?A．Artificialwetlandscan'treplacenaturalones.\nB．Creatingartificialwetlandsupsetsthebalanceofnature.C．Keepingthetotalnumberofvariouskindsofwetlandsisimportant.D．It'simportanttobalancethenumbersofnaturalwetlandsandartificialones.解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中StuartPimm说的“Butwhatthey'vedoneisdestroynaturalwetlandsandcreateartificialones”“Itmakesitlooklikeyou'redoingnoharmwhentherealityisverydifferent.”可以推断，StuartPimm认为人造湿地是不可能代替天然湿地的。故选A。答案：A4．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．SeekingforMoreWetlandsB．SavingtheWorld'sWetlandsC．CausesofWetlands'DisappearanceD．NaturalWetlandsvs.ArtificialWetlands解析：标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是根据文章第三段内容可知，本文主要是介绍湿地的重要性以及人们为了拯救湿地所作的努力等，因此B项“拯救世界湿地”为本文的最佳标题。答案：BⅥ.完形填空(2020·河北省“五个一名校联盟”高三第一次诊断考试)Iwalkedintoarestaurantandorderedsomefood.After20minutesagroupofguyscameinandorderedtheirs.Tomy__1__，thesefolksgotservedfirst.Iwatchedastheybegantoeatandlaugh__2__．Ievenoverheardoneofthembragging(吹嘘)abouthowhewas__3__toeveryoneintherestaurantandIfelt__4__．Unabletostanditanymore，Icalledthe__5__．Heexplainedtome，“Yoursisaspecialorder，beingpreparedbythe__6__chefsthemselves.Theirorderswere__7__preparedbystudentsonassignment.Pleasehavesomejuiceasyouwait.”I__8__andwaited.Shortlyafterthat，mymealwasservedbysixchefs.Unknowntome，theowneroftherestaurant，who__9__tobeanoldlonglostfriendofmine，__10__mewhenIenteredanddecidedto__11__me.Shechangedmysimplemealtoafivestarmeal.Thegroupattheother__12__wereshocked.Theycouldn'tstop__13__．Suddenlytheyweretheones__14__，askingwhytheydidn'tgetthatkindof__15__andmeal.Suchislife！Somepeopleare__16__you，eatingandlaughingatyou.You__17__mockery(嘲笑)andarewaiting__18__，wonderingwhyittakessolongtobreakthrough.Theowneroftheworldhasseenyouanddoesn'twantyoutobeservedaquickmeallikethose__19__ofyou.Youarewaitinglongbecauseyoursisa(n)__20__meal，whichcoststimetoprepare.[语篇类型] 记叙文[主题语境] 人与自我——个人经历——等候最好的菜肴[语篇解读] “我”在饭店比邻桌订餐早，菜却比邻桌上得迟。原来，饭店老板是“我”长时间未见的老朋友，她为“我”精心准备了五星级饭菜，要给“我”惊喜。生活中也是这样，最好的东西需要耐心等候。1．A.astonishment B．excitementC．reliefD．embarrassment解析：根据该句中的“thesefolksgotservedfirst”并结合上文可知，虽然“我”先点了菜，但是这些人的菜却比“我”的菜上桌早；据此可以推知，这让“我”惊讶，故选A项。答案：A2．A.bitterlyB．rudelyC．joyfullyD．roughly\n解析：根据该句中的laugh和语境可知，他们开始吃饭并快乐地大笑；C项意为“快乐地”，故C项正确。A项意为“伤心地”，D项意为“大约，粗暴地”，都与语境不符。答案：C3．A.rememberedB．connectedC．recommendedD．introduced解析：根据上文可知，虽然“我”比邻桌订餐早，但是这些人的菜却比“我”的菜上桌早；结合该句中的braggingabout和语境可知，其中的一个人吹嘘他是如何和饭店里的每个人有联系的。beconnectedto意为“和……有联系”，故B项正确。答案：B4．A.encouragedB．inspiredC．movedD．teased解析：根据语境和下文中的laughingatyou，mockery可推知，“我”感觉受到了嘲笑(teased)。答案：D5．A.waiterB．bossC．cashierD．chef解析：根据语境可知，由于无法忍受他们的吹嘘和吵闹，“我”叫来了服务员(waiter)。答案：A6．A.strictB．topC．carefulD．junior解析：根据该句中的“Yoursisaspecialorder”可知，“我”点的菜是特殊的；结合下文中的afivestarmeal可知，“我”的菜是由顶级(top)厨师亲自准备的。答案：B7．A.fullyB．slowlyC．cautiouslyD．hurriedly解析：根据上文可知，这群人很快就得到了菜肴；结合语境可知，这些菜肴很快就能出来是因为它们是由学徒们匆忙准备好的，故D项正确。答案：D8．A.calmeddownB．satdownC．laydownD．brokedown解析：根据上文可知，服务员给“我”解释了上菜慢的原因，结合常识和该句中的andwaited可知，听了他的解释，“我”平静下来，继续等候着。A项意为“平静”，故A项正确。D项意为“失败”。答案：A9．A.seemedB．managedC．happenedD．pretended解析：根据语境可知，这家饭店的老板碰巧就是“我”长时间未见的老朋友。happentodosth.为固定搭配，意为“碰巧做某事”。答案：C10．A.sawB．trackedC．welcomedD．heard解析：根据该句中的“whenIentered”可知，当“我”进入饭店时，饭店老板看到了“我”。答案：A11．A.trapB．surpriseC．moveD．terrify解析：根据下句可知，她将“我”点的简单的饭菜换成了五星级饭菜；据此可知，饭店老板，即“我”长时间未见的老朋友，决定给“我”一个惊喜，故B项正确。D项意为“使恐惧”。答案：B12．A.deskB．cornerC．tableD．side\n解析：根据语境可知，在另外一桌的这群人看到“我”的五星级饭菜，都很惊讶。答案：C13．A.eatingB．staringC．helpingD．spying解析：根据上句可知，看到“我”的五星级饭菜，他们很惊讶；结合该句中的couldn'tstop可知，他们忍不住盯着看。B项意为“盯着看，凝视”，故B项正确。D项意为“搜集情报，发现”。答案：B14．A.greetingB．walkingC．whisperingD．leaving解析：根据上文可知，看到“我”的五星级饭菜，他们很惊讶，忍不住盯着看；结合该句中的“askingwhytheydidn't...andmeal”可知，这些人低声议论，询问为什么他们没能得到那种服务和菜肴。C项意为“低声说”，故C项正确。答案：C15．A.serviceB．orderC．foodD．drink解析：参见上题解析。答案：A16．A.fromunderB．fromamongC．ontopofD．aheadof解析：根据该句中的eatingandlaughingatyou并结合上文陈述的那群人先得到饭菜并谈笑可知，有些人在你的前面，他们吃着并嘲笑着你，故D项正确。答案：D17．A.acceptB．tolerateC．refuseD．imagine解析：根据该句中的arewaiting和上文陈述的“我”平静下来继续等候着可知，此处表示你忍受着嘲笑并耐心地等候着。答案：B18．A.automaticallyB．sincerelyC．enthusiasticallyD．patiently解析：参见上题解析。答案：D19．A.takingadvantageB．makinguseC．makingfunD．takingaccount解析：根据上文中的laughingatyou，mockery可知，此处表示嘲笑你的那些人。makefunof为固定搭配，意为“取笑……”，故C项正确。答案：C20．A.valuableB．uniqueC．expensiveD．special解析：根据第三段第一句中的aspecialorder并结合语境可知，你等候的时间很长，是因为你的菜肴很特别，要花时间准备。答案：D\n[更上层楼]完形填空之平行结构助解题英语中的平行结构指的是结构高度相似或完全相同，意思互相关联，语法结构一致的词组或句子成串排列的语言结构，如and，but，so，yet，nor，or，ratherthan，preferdoingsth.todoingsth.，notonly...butalso...，either...or...，neither...nor...或“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”，“AistoBwhatCistoD”等连接两个或几个同等成分的句式。高考完形填空题常常会出现这样一些平行结构，利用其上下文关联或形成对比这一特点来设空。因此考生在备考过程中掌握这些结构，将其作为一项微技能，可以提高完形填空题的得分率。如上述完形填空中第8题(与waited并列)、第10题(与decidedto并列)属于平行结构。
