考前提分必刷题(十七)对应学生用书(单独成册)第246页Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Wehadasplendidteacher，whocouldexplainthingssovividlytous.2．Ithoughthewouldnotsucceed，buttheresultwasoppositetowhatIhadexpected.3．Seizethechance，otherwiseyou'llregretit.4．Whoeverparticipatesintheactivitywillgetasmallpresent.5．Thegovernmentcallsontheyouthtodonatetheirbloodvoluntarily.6．Theyarelivinginthehouseabandoned(遗弃)bytheirgrandparentsmanyyearsago.7．I'vesetmyselfatarget(目标)ofrunning2mileseveryday.8．Hisnationalityisn'trelevant(相关的)towhetherhe'sagoodteacher.9．Afterawhilehiseyesadjusted(适应)tothedark.10．Wewillgetsecurity(安全)checksattheairport.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Californiahasmanyimmigrants(immigrate)fromotherstates.2．Isthatafairinference(infer)todrawfromhisstatement?3．Yourinformation(inform)isinaccurateandyourconclusionisthereforewrong.4．Parentsshouldberesponsible(responsibility)fortheirchildren'ssafety.5．Gasflowingthroughthepipesburnsinstantly(instant)butcanbekeptundercontrol.Ⅲ.熟词生义(根据语境写出加黑词的词性及词义)1．necessary(熟义：adj.必需的，必要的)Bigmenarenotnecessarilystrongmen.adv.必然地，无可避免地2．note(熟义：n.笔记)Inotedthatherhandsweredirty.v.注意，特别指出，提及3．observe(熟义：v.观察)Thetrafficrulesshouldbeobservedstrictly.Otherwiseyouwillgetintotrouble.v.遵循4．operate(熟义：vi.做手术；操作；操纵；管理；经营)Themedicineoperatedquickly.vi.起作用5．pack(熟义：v.包装)Thestadiumwaspackedwithcrazyfans.v.挤满，塞满Ⅳ.重点句式1．依我看来，在读书时你最好在有问题的地方做一下标记。(where引导地点状语从句)Inmyopinion，you'dbettermakeamarkwhere__you__have__any__questionswhilereading.2．我怀疑他们两天内能否完成这项艰巨的任务。(doubt)Idoubt__whether__theywillfinishthehardtaskintwodays.3．能使一个人成为科学家的不是这些工具，而是他使用这些工具的方法。(not...but...)Itisnotthetoolsbuthowheusesthesetoolsthatmakeshimascientist.对应学生用书(单独成册)第247页Ⅴ.阅读理解(2020·德州一模)AsdoctorsperformedsurgeryonDagmarTurner'sbrain，thesoundofaviolinfilledtheoperatingroom.Themusiccamefromthepatientontheoperating\ntable.Inavideofromthesurgery，theviolinistwasmovingherbow(琴弓)upanddownassurgeonsbehindaplasticsheetworkedtoremoveherbraintumor(肿瘤)．TheKing'sCollegeHospitalsurgeonswokeherupinthemiddleoftheoperationinordertoensuretheydidnotdamagepartsofthebrainnecessaryforplayingtheviolinandkeepherhand'sfunctionsintact．Turner，53，learnedthatshehadaslowgrowingtumor.Laterdoctorsfoundthatithadbecomemoreaggressiveandtheviolinistdecidedtohavesurgerytoremoveit.Turnerrecalleddoctorstellingher，“Yourtumorisontherighthandside，soitwillnotaffectyourrighthand，itwillaffectyourlefthand.”Staringdownatherlefthand，shesaid，“Thisismymostimportantpart.Myjobthesedaysisplayingtheviolin，whichismypassion.”“WeknewhowimportanttheviolinistoTurner，soitwasvitalthatwepreservedfunctioninthedelicateareasofherbrainthatallowedhertoplay，”KeyoumarsAshkan，adoctoratKing'sCollegeHospital，saidinapressrelease.BeforeTurner'soperation，Ashkanandhiscolleaguesspenttwohourscarefullymappingherbraintoidentifyareasthatwereactivewhensheplayedtheviolinandthosecontrollinglanguageandmovement.Wakingherupduringsurgerythenalloweddoctorstomonitorwhetherthosepartsweresufferingdamage.Thesurgerywasasuccess.Ashkansaid，“Wemanagedtoremoveover90percentthetumour，includingallareassuspiciousofaggressiveactivity，whileretainingfullfunctionofherlefthand.”BradMahon，expertatCarnegieMellonUniversity，saidthebasicfeaturesofan“awakecraniotomy”—thetypeofbrainsurgerywherepatientsareawakeinordertoavoiddamagetocriticalbrainareas—haveremainedlargelyunchangedfordecades.Forexample，doctorshavelongusedsimpletestssuchasaskingapatienttonamewhatthey'reseeinginpicturestomakesurelanguageabilityispreserved.Buthesaidthatdoctorsarenowabletomapthepatient'sbrainactivityingreatdetailbeforethesurgery，usinganimagingtechniquecalledfunctionalMRI.Thatmeanssurgeonsarecomingintotheoperatingroomwithfarmoreinformationaboutaspecificpatient'sbrain.Thatkindofinformationhelpsdoctorstailorteststoapatient'sparticularneeds.[语篇类型] 说明文[主题语境] 人与自我——个人经历——DagmarTurner的大脑肿瘤手术[语篇解读] 本文主要讲述了小提琴家DagmarTurner在大脑肿瘤手术的过程中，医生为了确保不会损伤拉小提琴所必需的大脑部分，同时保持她的手的功能不受影响，在手术进行到一半时把Turner叫醒拉小提琴。文章还说明了医生对相关技术发展的介绍。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intact”meaninthefirstparagraph?A．Strong. B．Sound.C．Talented.D．Influential.解析：词义猜测题。结合本句“TheKing'sCollegeHospitalsurgeonswokeherupinthemiddleoftheoperationinordertoensuretheydidnotdamagepartsofthebrainnecessaryforplayingtheviolinandkeepherhand'sfunctionsintact.”可知，皇家学院医院外科医生们为了确保他们没有损害拉小提琴必须用到的大脑部分，并且保持她手部功能的完整性，他们在手术中叫醒了她。由此可知，画线单词意思为“无损的，健全的”。答案：B2．WhydidAshkanandhiscolleaguesmapTurner'sbrainbeforeoperation?A．Tokeepherbrainmoreactivewhensheplayedtheviolin.B．Tomonitorwhetherherbrainhadsuffereddamageseverely.C．Torecognizetheareasrelatedtomusicandmovementprecisely.D．Toremovethetumorwhilekeepingallfunctionofherbrain.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“BeforeTurner'soperation，Ashkanandhis\ncolleaguesspenttwohourscarefullymappingherbraintoidentifyareasthatwereactivewhensheplayedtheviolinandthosecontrollinglanguageandmovement.”可知，在Turner动手术之前，Ashkan和他的同事们花了两个小时仔细绘制她的大脑图谱，以确定她拉小提琴时活跃的区域以及控制语言和动作的区域。答案：C3．WhatcanweknowaccordingtoBradMahon?A．Doctorsareusinganimagingtechniquetomonitorthesurgery.B．Patientsareasleeptoprotectcriticalbrainareasinasurgery.C．Apatient'slanguageabilitycouldn'tbepreservedbefore.D．Surgeonscanpersonalizeapatient'soperationbymappinghisbrain.解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Buthesaidthatdoctorsarenowabletomapthepatient'sbrainactivityingreatdetailbeforethesurgery，usinganimagingtechniquecalledfunctionalMRI.(但他说，医生现在可以使用一种称为功能性核磁共振成像技术，在手术前非常详细地描绘病人的大脑活动)”由此可知，外科医生可以通过绘制病人的大脑图谱来个性化病人的手术。答案：D4．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．MusicianJoinedinHerOwnBrainSurgeryB．MappingaBrainIsRealizedafterSurgeryC．TheViolinistSuffersfromaBrainTumorD．DoctorsPerformSurgeryonaBrain解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段“AsdoctorsperformedsurgeryonDagmarTurner'sbrain，thesoundofaviolinfilledtheoperatingroom.Themusiccamefromthepatientontheoperatingtable.”当医生为DagmarTurner的大脑做手术时，手术室里充满了小提琴的声音。音乐来自手术台上的病人。本文主要讲述了小提琴家DagmarTurner在大脑肿瘤手术的过程，医生为了确保不会损伤拉小提琴所必需的大脑部分，同时保持她的手的功能不受影响，在手术进行到一半时把Turner叫醒拉小提琴。文章还说明了医生对相关技术发展的介绍。由此可知“音乐家参加了她自己的脑部手术”最符合文章标题。答案：AⅥ.完形填空(2020·南昌NCS20200607项目第一次模拟)CaoimheMcconwaywasamotheroftwo.Shewas__1__adeliveryofbabyclothesforheryoungdaughterFahafterplacinga(n)__2__online，butthepackagenever__3__ittoherhomeinLisburn，NorthernIreland.That'sbecause，unknowntoherandthedeliverycompany，ithad__4__thebackofatruckhundredsofmilesaway，andthenewclotheshadbeen__5__afterbeing“spreadeverywhere”bythe__6__traffic.Thepackagehadbeen__7__byanothermum，whodecidedtostepinwithanincredible__8__．Afewdayslater，Caoimhereceivedadeliverywithanotewhich__9__：DearCaoimhe，Iamwritingtotellyouthatthe__10__youwerewaitingforwithbabyclothesinwillnotbe__11__，asunfortunatelyitmusthavefallenoffthetruckasInoticeditwhilewalkingtoschool.Ifoundyour__12__onthepackagesothatIsendsomenewbabyclothesforyou，whichIhope__13__yourbaby.Iwouldhavecollectedthemofftheroadbuttheywerespreadeverywhereandall__14__andoily.Sincerely，Emily__15__thecardonthesocialmedia，Caoimhewrote，“Howamazingisshe，acomplete__16__！IfanyoneknowsanEmilyfromMaidstone，pleasetellhershe'scompletelyrestoredmy__17__inhumanity.”__18__，injustafewhoursthepostmadeitswayfromNorthernIrelandtoKent\nandamessage__19__inCaoimhe'smailboxfromEmily.Caoimhesaid，“Weexchangednumbersandhavebeenin__20__throughWhatsAppregularly.Ithinkit'slovelythatwehavebecomefriendsthroughthis.”[语篇类型] 记叙文[主题语境] 人与社会——人际交往——来自陌生人的包裹[语篇解读] 在网上下单购买婴儿服的Caoimhe在家期待包裹送达，但事实上她的包裹已经在运送的路上掉落一地了。幸运的是，路过的Emily发现了掉落的包裹，在包裹上面发现了Caoimhe的信息，决定给Caoimhe邮寄一些新的婴儿穿的衣物。Caoimhe收到包裹后很感动，就把Emily随包裹发的便条发在网上，随后Emily回应了Caoimhe，两人交换了号码并经常联系。Caoimhe也由此再次相信人性了。1．A.opening B．expectingC．providingD．checking解析：根据下文中的“youwerewaitingforwithbabyclothesin”可推知，Caoimhe在网上下了订单后正在家期待收到自己的包裹。答案：B2．A.depositB．requestC．orderD．instruction解析：参见上题解析。placeanorder表示“下订单”。答案：C3．A.gotB．tookC．reachedD．made解析：根据下文中的“unfortunatelyitmusthavefallenoffthetruck”可推知，Caoimhe的包裹不能成功到达了，因为她的包裹已经从运送的车上掉了下来。makeitto...“成功到达……”。答案：D4．A.droppedfromB．knockedoverC．pulleddownD．slidinto解析：参见上题解析。答案：A5．A.stolenB．ruinedC．collectedD．torn解析：根据下文中的“buttheywerespreadeverywhereandall__14__andoily”可知，包裹里的衣服散落一地，而且又脏又油，由此可推知，新衣服都被糟蹋了。B项意为“糟蹋，毁坏”，故B项正确。答案：B6．A.busyB．convenientC．easyD．slow解析：根据该句中的“being‘spreadeverywhere’”并结合常识可推知，当时交通繁忙。答案：A7．A.spottedB．returnedC．sentD．hidden解析：根据下文讲述的Emily给Caoimhe邮寄衣服可推知，掉落的包裹被另一个妈妈，即Emily发现了。spot“发现”。答案：A8．A.storyB．patternC．gestureD．practice解析：根据下文讲述的Emily的做法可知，Emily发现包裹后，决定以一种不可思议的做法援之以手。practice“做法”。答案：D9．A.wroteB．told\nC．readD．informed解析：根据下文便条的内容可知，此处表示便条上写着(read)。在英文中这种表达经常用say或read。答案：C10．A.envelopeB．suitcaseC．emailD．parcel解析：根据上文中的“butthepackagenever__3__ittoherhome”可知，此处表示Caoimhe所等待被递送的装有婴儿衣物的包裹，与下文中的onthepackage呼应。parcel意为“包裹”，故选D。答案：D11．A.leavingB．arrivingC．happeningD．remaining解析：与上文中的“thepackagenever__3__ittoherhome”呼应可知，此处表示Caoimhe所等待的包裹到不了她的家里了。arrive意为“到达，抵达”。答案：B12．A.photoB．occupationC．conditionD．information解析：根据下文讲述的Emily给Caoimhe邮寄衣服可知，Emily在包裹上发现了Caoimhe的相关信息。答案：D13．A.benefitB．fitC．prepareD．excite解析：根据语境和常识可推知，Emily希望她寄的婴儿服Caoimhe的女儿能穿着合身。fit意为“适合，合身”，故选B。答案：B14．A.cleanB．wornC．dirtyD．fresh解析：根据该句中的“collectedthemofftheroadbuttheywerespreadeverywhere”和andoily可推知，散落在路上的衣服又脏又油。答案：C15．A.PostingB．PublishingC．HangingD．Holding解析：根据下文中的thepost可推知，Caoimhe把附带在包裹里的卡片发布在社交媒体上了。post意为“发布”。答案：A16．A.neighborB．helperC．donorD．stranger解析：根据下一句中的“IfanyoneknowsanEmilyfromMaidstone”可推知，Caoimhe并不认识Emily，因此对于Caoimhe来讲，Emily是一个素不相识的人，故选D项。B项意为“帮手，助手”，C项意为“捐献者”。答案：D17．A.freedomB．mercyC．prideD．faith解析：根据语境可知，Emily(的善举)完全使Caoimhe恢复了对人性的信心。faith“信任，信心”。答案：D18．A.UnbelievablyB．GraduallyC．OriginallyD．Reasonably解析：根据空后的“injustafewhoursthepostmadeitswayfromNorthernIrelandtoKent”可推知，令人难以置信的是，仅仅在几个小时内Caoimhe的帖子就从北爱尔兰传到了肯特郡。\n答案：A19．A.steppedB．landedC．stoppedD．rushed解析：根据下文中的“Weexchangednumbers”可推知，一条来自Emily的信息到达了Caoimhe的邮箱。答案：B20．A.turnB．lifeC．touchD．relation解析：根据下句“Ithinkit'slovelythatwehavebecomefriendsthroughthis.”可推知，Caoimhe和Emily交换了号码，而且经常通过WhatsApp联系，并最终成了朋友。beintouch(withsb.)“(与……)有联系”。答案：C[更上层楼]完形填空之褒贬语境辨曲直完形填空试题表面上看是选择一个最佳词语将句子补充完整，但从实际的考查来看，考生需要综合考虑文章的措辞、语句的通顺性和上下文意思的一致性等，而这些都与词语的感情色彩相关。作者在选择使用一定的褒义词或贬义词时就表达了自己的感情倾向和意愿。而考生在做完形填空题时，仔细体会作者所用词汇的褒贬含义，也是还原作者思想和感情从而成功还原文章的一个好技巧。褒义词和贬义词是判断文章意思、人物性格特征以及事情发展趋向的一个重要切入点，考生要在平时多积累、总结褒义词和贬义词，做到对文章用词的感情色彩了然于心。如上述完形填空中的第5题、第14题、第17题直接与语境的褒贬曲直相关。
