【走向高考】（2022春季出版）2022高三英语一轮总复习Units1～2质量过关检测新人教版必修4本卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。共150分。时间：120分钟。第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共115分)第一部分：听力(满分30分) 略第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D、四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。21．(2022·杭州市一检)Inthepastthreedecades，________significantadvancehasbeenmadein________modernagriculture.A．a；不填 B．the；aC．不填；theD．a；a答案：A 考查冠词。句意：在过去的三十年里，现代农业已经取得了明显的进步。第一空表示泛指；第二空agriculture是不可数名词，此处不表特指，所以不加冠词。22．(2022·池州市期末)OneofMoYan'sworks,RedSorghum(红高粱)，________madeintomovie,gotthe38thBerlinInternationalFestival'sGoldenBearAward.A．thatwasB.whichisC．whichwasD.whichwere答案：C 考查非限制性定语从句和主谓一致。句意：莫言的作品之一《红高粱》被拍成电影，获得了第38届柏林国际电影节的金熊奖。此处是非限制性定语从句，所以引导词用which不用that；再由主句“got”可知，时态用一般过去时；句子的先行词是RedSorghum，所以应该用单数。23．(2022·安徽毫州摸底)Ifourtimeisusefullyemployed,itwill________someusefulandimportantproducts.A．turnoutB.refertoC．lookupD.carryon答案：A 考查动词短语。句意：如果很好地利用我们的时间，那么就能生产出一些重要的、有用处的产品。由句意可知，选turnout，意为“生产”。referto“查阅”；lookup“查阅，向上看”；carryon“继续，坚持”。24．(2022·贵州省六校联盟第一次联考)It'stheendofthemonthandIcanhardlymakeendsmeet.________，Iwouldbuyyouagoodgiftforyourbirthday.A．IfanyB.Ifnot17\nC．IfeverD.Ifso答案：B 考查短语。句意：到月底了，我几乎入不敷出了。如果不是入不敷出的话，我就会给你买件好的生日礼物了。25．(2022·宜春市五校联考)Unfortunately,alltheequipment,thecomputersandprintersincluded,________inthebigearthquake.A．wasdamagedB．weredamagedC．hasbeendamagedD．havebeendamaged答案：A 考查主谓一致。句意：不幸地是，所有的设备，包括计算机和打印机都在地震中遭到了破坏。句子的主语是alltheequipment，所以用单数；再由句意可知，应该用一般过去时。26．(2022·淄博市期末)MoYan'swritinghas________himalargeaudience,notonlyinChinabutoverseas.A．deservedB．expandedC．admittedD.gained答案：D 考查动词。句意：莫言的作品为他赢得了很多读者，不仅国内有，国外也有。gain“赢得，获得”；deserve“值得”；expand“扩张，膨胀”；admit“承认”。27．(2022·桂林市一调)WhenyouintroducemetoMr.Johnson,couldyoupleasesay________forme?A．everythingB．somethingC．anythingD．nothing答案：B 考查代词。句意：当你把我介绍给约翰逊先生时，你能否为我说点好话？28．(2022·盐城市摸底)________tabletcomputerslikeApple'siPadjustbeforebed,aresearchsaysrecently,canleadtopoornight'ssleep.A．UsingB．UsedC．TouseD．Use答案：A 考查非谓语动词。句意：有个研究者说在睡前使用平板电脑像Apple'siPad可能会导致晚上睡眠质量不好。从句子结构看出缺主语，using在这充当主语。29．(2022·盐城市摸底)Notuntilhegottotheclassroom________hehadlefthisbooksinthedormitory.A．MartinrealizedB．realizedMartinC．didMartinrealizeD．hadMartinrealized答案：C 考查倒装句。Notuntil放在句首时，句子用部分倒装；再由时态一致原则可知用一般过去时；所以答案选C。否定词not,seldom,hardly,little等在句首，引导主句部分倒装。17\n30．(2022·豫南九校联考)Becauseofpollution，thedaysaregone________localvillagersbathedintherivereverysummer.A．ifB．whenC．whichD．since答案：B 考查定语从句。句意：因为污染，每年夏天当地村民到河里洗澡的日子一去不复返了。先行词是thedays，定语从句________localvillagersbathedintherivereverysummer部分缺少时间状语，所以选择关系副词when。31．(2022·贵州省六校联盟第一次联考)—ShallIhelpyouwithyoursuitcase,lady?—Thanksalot.________.A．IfyoulikeB.OfcourseyoucanC．Thatcouldn'tbebetterD.It'suptoyou答案：C 考查交际英语。由答语“Thanksalot”可知，第二个人同意对方的帮助，所以选C项，意为“那再好不过了”。32．(2022·合肥市第一次质检)Itisdifficultforchildrentochangetheireatinghabitlaterinlife.________，parentsshouldencouragehealthyeatingfromanearlyage.A．OtherwiseB.ThereforeC．BesidesD.However答案：B 考查副词。句意：在以后的人生中要儿童改变他们的饮食习惯是很困难的。因此，父母应该鼓励孩子从小养成健康的饮食习惯。therefore“因此，所以”符合句意；otherwise“否则”；besides“而且”；however“然而”。33．(2022·昆明市高三摸底调测)—Tocelebrateyourbirthday,Imadethecakeonmyown.—Thankyou.I________trysomeofit.A．mustB．mayC．canD．might答案：A 考查情态动词。句意：——为庆祝你的生日，我自己做了个蛋糕。——谢谢。我一定要尝尝。由句意可知，选must，意为“必须，一定”。34．(2022·嘉兴市基础测试)Doyouhaveanyidea________ittakestosuccessfullyreachthetopofMountEverest?A．whetherB．howC．whichD．what答案：D 考查名词性从句。句意：你知道成功攀登上珠峰需要什么吗？takes后缺少宾语，所以选起双重作用的what。17\n35．(2022·长春市一调)Heis,howshallI________，notexactlyfatbutratherwellbuilt.A．putitB.makeitC．meanitD.getit答案：A 考查短语动词。句意：我该怎么说呢，他不是胖而是身强体壮。本题的四个短语都是固定用法。putit“说”；makeit“成功做到”；meanit“我是认真的”；getit“了解”；故选A。第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(2022·东城区第二次联考)IbecameagardenerwhenIwastwelve.Myearly__36__ofgardeningmaynothaveoriginatedfrommylovefornature.Itwasto__37__myparents.Atthattime,wehadabigyardinwhichabeautifulmapletreestood.Butmymotheroftenlookedwith__38__atthisworkofnaturalart.Thosegoldenleavesseemedliketonsofrubbishtoher,“somethingelseto__39__！”Seeingtheneighborsbusywithgardening,myfathereventhoughtitawasteoftime.Atthatage,Ialwaysdidsomething__40__towhatevermyparentsdid!Ifgardeningweresomethingtheyfound__41__，Iwouldplantagarden!Iplantedsomelily(百合花)seedsintheyard.Buttheyfailedto__42__.Icontinuedtoplantsunflowerseedsandroses.Wild__43__joy,Ifoundthefirstrosebloom(开花).Onebyone,theflowersbloomedtheirheadsoff.__44__，Iwastouchedbythislandofwonder.__45__，myparentsshowednointerestinmygarden.Myfathereven__46__atmebecausehefounditwas__47__tomovearoundmygardentothedriveway.Tomymother's__48__，Iputinhervasemyrealroseswhich,inhereyes,weresimplyweeds__49__flowers.Regardlessoftheir__50__，Ikeptonplantingmygardenand__51__toenjoythepleasuregardening.Plantsmakesuchgoodcompanions:theybreathe,theybloom,they__52__tocareandlove.IthasbeenmanyyearssinceImademyfirstgardenoutofmydesireto__53__myparent.TodayIbecomeknownasMrs.Greenthumbs,teachinggardeningandhostingagardeningshowwhichmakesmyparentsfeelvery__54__.AndnowIcouldsayitismyaffectionfor__55__thatmakesmearealgardener.17\n文章大意：作者一开始侍弄花草是出于对父母的逆反心理。但是在侍弄花草过程中，那种对大自然的爱使作者选择了园艺业作为自己的职业。36．A.memoryB.dreamC．intentionD.design答案：C 我早期想从事园艺业的“打算”可能不是来自于对大自然的爱。intention“意图，打算”；memory“记忆”；dream“梦想”；design“设计”。37．A.pleaseB.changeC．helpD.annoy答案：D 本来是想“气气”我父母的。annoy“使恼怒，使生气”；please“使高兴”；change“改变”；help“帮助”。38．A.doubtB．appreciationC．surpriseD.excitement答案：A 由空前的But可知，母亲对这棵枫树持贬义态度。所以选doubt，意为：母亲经常怀疑地看着这大自然的鬼斧神工。39．A.collectupB.careaboutC．cleanupD.comein答案：C 那金黄的树叶在她眼里就是垃圾。所以填cleanup，意为“清扫”。collectup“搜集，整理”；careabout“在意”；comein“进来”。40．A.equalB．similarC．superiorD.opposite答案：D 那时，我老是做与父母亲做的事情“相反的”事情。opposite“对立的”；equal“平等的”；similar“相似的”；superior“高级的”。41．A.painfulB.valuableC．upsettingD.interesting答案：C 既然他们觉得园艺业是“令人不快的”，那么我就种一个花园。upsetting“令人不快的”；painful“痛苦的”；valuable“有价值的”；interesting“令人感兴趣的”。42．A.comeupB.breakoutC．holdonD.getthrough答案：A 我撒了一些百合花的种子，但是它们没有“发芽”。comeup“发芽”；breakout“爆发”；holdon“坚持”；getthrough“通过，完成”。43．A.toB.withC．inD.by答案：B wildwithjoy“欣喜若狂”。发现第一朵玫瑰开花时，我“欣喜若狂”。44．A.LuckilyB.Cheerfully17\nC．RegularlyD.Eventually答案：D “最终”我被土地的神奇打动了。eventually“最终，最后”；luckily“幸运地”；cheerfully“高兴地”；regularly“定期地”。45．A.InsteadB.HoweverC．ThereforeD.Besides答案：B “然而”我的父母对我的花园不感兴趣。instead“代替，反而”；however“然而”；therefore“因此”；besides“而且”。46．A.shoutedB.laughedC．glancedD.jumped答案：A 父亲甚至“骂我”因为他发现把我的花园移到车行道上很“麻烦”。shoutat“斥责，骂人”；laughat“嘲笑”；glanceat“瞥人一眼”；jumpat“批评某人”。47．A.convenientB.troublesomeC．enjoyedD.dangerous答案：B troublesome“令人麻烦的”；convenient“方便的”；enjoyed“喜欢的”；dangerous“危险的”。48．A.sadnessB.displeasureC．delightD.relief答案：B 令母亲“不快”的是，我把真玫瑰插在了她的花瓶里。displeasure“不快”；sadness“悲伤”；delight“高兴”；relief“欣慰”。49．A.otherthanB.morethanC．ratherthanD.lessthan答案：C 在母亲看来，真玫瑰是草“而不是”花。ratherthan“而不是”；otherthan“除……之外”；morethan“不仅仅是”；lessthan“少于”。50．A.dislikeB.encouragementC．threatD.suggestion答案：A 不顾父母的“不快”，我继续种花园，“继续”享受种花园的快乐。dislike“不快，不喜欢”；encouragement“鼓励”；threat“威胁”；suggestion“建议”。51．A.decidedB．stoppedC．continuedD.struggled答案：C 见上题解析。continue“继续”；decide“决定”；stop“停止”；struggle“挣扎，奋斗”。52．A.devoteB.turnC．respondD.lead答案：17\nC 植物会呼吸，会开花，会对人们的爱和关心“做出回应”。respond“响应”；devote“奉献”；turn“转变”；lead“领路”。53．A.defeatB.satisfyC．respectD.challenge答案：D 我第一次侍弄花草是出于“挑战”父母的意思。challenge“挑战”；defeat“打败”；satisfy“使满足”；respect“尊敬”。54．A.proudB．comfortableC．strangeD．disappointed答案：A 现在，我从事园艺业让父母感到非常“骄傲”。proud“骄傲的”；comfortable“舒服的”；strange“奇怪的”；disappointed“令人失望的”。55．A.freedomB.lifeC．growthD.nature答案：D 现在我可以说是对“大自然”的爱让我从事了园艺业。第三部分：阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A(2022·宿迁市一模)AlmostanyonewhohasreadatravelbrochureaboutAfricahasheardofelephantsgettingdrunkfromthefruitofthemarulatree.Itissaidthatelephantscangetdrunkbyeatingthefermented(发酵)fruitrottingontheground.Bookshaveevenbeenwrittentoprovethetruthofthephenomenon.ButastudypublishedinthejournalPhysiologicalandBiochemicalZoologytellsaverydifferentstory.SteveMorris,abiologistattheUniversityofBristolinEnglandandanauthorofthestudy,saysthereisnothinginthebiologyofeithertheAfricanelephantorthemarulafruittosupportthestories.Morrissays,“Peoplejustwanttobelieveindrunkenelephants.”Themarulatree,amemberofthesamefamilyasthemango,growswidelyinAfrica.Itssweet,yellowfruitisusedformakingjam,wineandbeer.“Thefirstmistakeofthedrunkenelephanttheoryisthatit'sunlikelythatanelephantwouldeatthefruitifitwererotten，”Morrissays.“Elephantseatthefruitrightoffthetree,notwhenit'srottenontheground，”heexplains.Otherexpertsaddthatifanelephantweretoeatthefruitontheground,itwouldn'twaitforthefruittoferment.MichelleGadd,anAfricanwildlifespecialist,17\nsaysthatelephantsandmanyotheranimals,includingbirdsandmonkeys,aretoofondofmarulafruittoletitrot.Iffermentedfruitonthegroundisoutofthequestion,soisthenotionthatthefruitcouldfermentinthestomachofelephants,accordingtothestudyauthors.Foodtakesbetween12and46hourstopassthroughanelephant'sdigestivesystem,theauthorspointout,whichisnotenoughforthefruittoferment.Supposingthatthishappened,it'sstillhighlyimprobablethatthefoodwouldproduceenoughalcoholtomakeanelephantdrunk.Throughcalculationsofbodyweight,elephantdigestionrates,andotherfactors,theauthorsconcludethatitwouldtakeabout1.9litresofethanol(乙醇)tomakeanelephantdrunk.文章大意：marula树是非洲的特有树种。有些手册上说，它的果实能让大象都醉了。而最近有些研究认为这种说法站不住脚。56．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A．itisnoteasytofindmarulafruitinthewildinAfricaB．Africanelephantsdon'tliketoeatmarulafruitatallC．marulafruitcanbemadeintofoodordrinkconsumedbypeopleD．birdsandmonkeysinAfricaliketoeatrottenmarulafruit答案：C 细节理解题。由第四段第二句话“Itssweet,yellowfruitisusedformakingjam,wineandbeer.”可知，marula树的果实可以制成供人们销售的食物或饮料。57．AccordingtoParagraph6,marulafruitislikelytoferment________.A．inabout12hoursB．inabout34hoursC．between12and46hoursD．inmorethan46hours答案：D 细节理解题。由第六段最后一句话“Foodtakesbetween12and46hourstopassthroughanelephant'sdigestivesystem,theauthorspointout,whichisnotenoughforthefruittoferment.”可知，marula树果实的发酵时间为46小时以上。58．AccordingtoMr.Morris,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Elephantsjusteatthefruitrightoffthetree.B．Elephantswillnoteatthefruitwhichisrotten.C．Themarulatreeandthemangobelongtodifferentfamilies.D．Thereareseveralconnectionsbetweenelephantsandthemarulafruit.答案：B 细节理解题。由第四段最后两句话“Thefirstmistakeofthedrunkenelephanttheoryisthatit'sunlikelythatanelephantwouldeatthefruitifitwererotten...Elephantseatthefruitrightoffthetree,notwhenit'srottenontheground...”可知，大象会吃刚从树上掉下的果实而非吃在地上已经发酵的果实。17\n59．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inthelastParagraphprobablyreferto?A．Elephantsgettingdrunk.B．Marulafruitfermentinginelephants'stomachs.C．Elephantseatingrottenmarulafruit.D．Elephantseatingmarulatreesdirectly.答案：B 猜测词义题。此处this承上启下，指代上一段中提到的marula树能在大象的胃里发酵这件事。B(2022·郑州市一模)EachmorningGrandpawasupearlysittingatthekitchentable,readinghisbook.Hisgrandsonwantedtobejustlikehimandtriedtocopyhimineverywayhecould.Onedaythegrandsonasked,“Grandpa,Itrytoreadthebookjustlikeyou,butIdon'tunderstandit,andIforgetwhatIunderstandassoonasIclosethebook.Whatgooddoesreadingthebookdo？”Thegrandpaquietlyturnedfromputtingcoalinthestoveandreplied,“Takethiscoalbasketdowntotheriverandbringmebackabasketofwater.”Theboydidashewastold,butallthewaterleakedoutbeforehegotbacktothehouse.Thegrandpalaughedandsaid,“You'llhavetomovealittlefasternexttime，”andsenthimbacktotheriverwiththebaskettotryagain.Thistimetheboyranfaster,butagainthebasketwasemptybeforehereturned.Outofbreath,hetoldhisgrandpathatitwasimpossibletocarrywaterinabasket,sohewenttogetabucketinstead.Thegrandpasaid,“Idon'twantabucketofwater;Iwantabasketofwater.You'rejustnottryinghardenough.”Theboyagaindippedthebasketintotheriverandranhard,butwhenhereachedhisgrandpathebasketwasemptyagain.Outofbreath,hesaid,“Grandpa,it'suseless！”“So,youthinkitisuseless？”thegrandpasaid,“Lookatthebasket.”Theboylookedatthebasketandforthefirsttimeherealizedthatthebasketwasdifferent.Ithadbeentransformedfromadirtyoldcoalbasketandwasnowclean.“Grandson,that'swhathappenswhenyoureadthebook.Youmightnotunderstandorremembereverything,butwhenyoureadit,you'llbechanged,insideandout.”文章大意：读书的好处可以这样对人讲述。17\n60．Whatpuzzledthegrandsonmostwas________.A．whetheritwasusefultoreadbooksB．whyheforgotwhathereadsoonC．whatkindofbookhecouldunderstandD．howhecouldreadbookslikehisgrandpa答案：A 细节理解题。由第二段，特别是最后一句话“Whatgooddoesreadingthebookdo？”可知，令孙子大惑不解的是读书是不是有用。61．WhydidGrandpaaskhisgrandsontofetchabasketofwater?A．Totrainhimtorunfaster.B．Tocleanthedirtybasketintheriver.C．Topunishhimfornotreadingcarefully.D．Togethimtorealizetheuseofreadingbooks.答案：D 推理判断题。由全文，特别是最后三段可知，祖父这么做是为了向孙子讲明读书的用处。62．Whatlessoncanwelearnfromthestory?A．Theoldarealwayswiserthantheyoung.B．Itisfoolishtocarrywaterwithabasket.C．Readingbookscanchangeapersongradually.D．Youcan'texpecttorememberwhateveryouread.答案：C 推理判断题。由最后一段可推知，读书会逐渐改变一个人。C(2022·遵义四中月考)Evenplantscanrunafever,especiallywhenthey'reunderattackbyinsectsordisease.Butunlikehuman,plantscanhavetheirtemperaturetakenfrom3,000feetaway—straightup.Adecadeago,adoptingtheinfrared(红外线)scanningtechnologydevelopedformilitarypurposesandothersatellites,physicistStephenPaleycameupwithaquickwaytotakethetemperatureofcropstodeterminewhichonesareunderstress.Thegoalwastoletfarmerspreciselytargetpesticide(杀虫剂)sprayingratherthanrainpoisononawholefield,whichinvariablyincludesplantsthatdon'thavepestproblems.Evenbetter,Paley'sRemoteScanningServicesCompanycoulddetectcropproblemsbeforetheybecamevisibletotheeye.Mountedonaplaneflownat3,000feetatnight,aninfraredscannermeasuredtheheatemittedbycrops.Thedataweretransformedintoacolourcodedmapshowingwhereplantswererunning“fevers”.17\nFarmerscouldthenspotspray,using50to70percentlesspesticidethantheyotherwisewould.ThebadnewsisthatPaley'scompanycloseddownin1984,afteronlythreeyears.Farmersresistedthenewtechnologyandlongtermbackerswerehardtofind.Butwiththerenewedconcernaboutpesticidesonproduce,andrefinementsininfraredscanning,Paleyhopestogetbackintooperation.Agricultureexpertshavenodoubtthetechnologyworks.“Thistechniquecanbeusedon75percentofagriculturallandintheUnitedStates，”saysGeorgeOertherofTexasA&M.RayJackson,whorecentlyretiredfromtheDepartmentofAgriculture,thinksremoteinfraredcropscanningcouldbeadoptedbytheendofthedecade.ButonlyifPaleyfindsthefinancialbackingwhichhefailedtoobtain10yearsago.文章大意：植物也会发烧，特别是当他们遭到病虫害侵袭的时候。10年前，物理学家佩利采用军用红外扫描技术为测量植物体温找到了一个快捷方式，从而可以确定哪些植物正受到病虫害的威胁。这样，农民针对病害定点喷洒农药可以节约大量的农药。随着对农产品残留农药的重新关注，以及远红外扫描技术的改良，佩利希望重操旧业。农业专家一致认同该技术。63．Plantswillsendoutanincreasedamountofheatwhentheyare________.A．facinganinfraredscannerB．sprayedwithpesticidesC．inpoorphysicalconditionD．exposedtoexcessivesunrays答案：C 考查细节理解题。根据第二段第二句：...aninfraredscannermeasuredtheheatemitted,crops.Thedataweretransformedintoacolourcodedmapshowingwhereplantswererunning“fevers”受到病虫害侵扰的时候，植物会发“高烧”，也就是说植物的“身体状况”不佳时，就会发烧。64．Inordertoapplypesticidesprayingprecisely,wecanuseinfraredscanningto________.A．estimatethedamagetothecropsB．drawacolourcodedmapC．measurethesizeoftheaffectedareaD．locatetheproblemarea答案：D 考查推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句：...showingwhereplantswererunning“fevers”.Farmerscouldthenspotspray，...，用红外线的目的就是确定有问题的区域，以便农民有针对性的喷洒杀虫剂。17\n65．Farmerscansaveaconsiderableamountofpesticideby________.A．resortingtospotsprayingB．transformingpoisonedrainC．consultinginfraredscanningexpertsD．detectingcropproblemsatanearlystage答案：A 考查细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Farmerscoldthenspotspray,using50to70percentlesspesticidethantheyotherwisewould.”可直接得出。66．Theapplicationofinfraredscanningtechnologytoagriculturemetwithsomedifficulties—________.A．itshighcostB．thelackofofficialsupportC．thelackoffinancialsupportD．itsfailuretohelpincreaseproduction答案：C 考查细节理解题。根据第三段前两句“ThebadnewsisthatPaley'scompanycloseddownin1984,afteronlythreeyears.Farmersresistedthenewtechnologyandlongtermbackersarehardtofind.”可知，这项技术应用于农业遇到了一些问题，原因有两个，一是农民对新技术的抵制，二是难也找到长期的赞助商。D(2022·遵义四中月考)Beautyhasalwaysbeenregardedassomethingpraiseworthy.Almosteveryonethinksattractivepeoplearehappierandhealthier，havebettermarriagesandhavemorerespectableoccupations.Personalconsultantsgivethembetteradviceforfindingjobs.Evenjudgesaresofteronattractivedefendants(被告)．Butintheexecutivecircle，beautycanbecomealiability.Whileattractivenessisapositivefactorforamanonhiswayuptheexecutiveladder，itisharmfultoawoman.Handsomemaleexecutiveswerethoughtashavingmoreintegritythanplainermen；effortandabilitywerethoughttoaccountfortheirsuccess.Attractivefemaleexecutiveswereconsideredtohavelessintegritythanunattractiveones；theirsuccesswasattributednottoabilitybuttofactorssuchasluck.Allunattractivewomenexecutiveswerethoughttohavemoreintegrityandtobemorecapablethantheattractivefemaleexecutives.Interestingly，though，theriseoftheunattractiveovernightsuccesseswasattributedmoretopersonal17\nrelationshipsandlesstoabilitythanthatofattractiveovernightsuccesses.Whyareattractivewomennotthoughttobeable？Anattractivewomanisthoughttobemorefeminineandanattractivemanmoremasculine(有男子气概的)thanthelessattractiveones.Thus，anattractivewomanhasanadvantageintraditionallyfemalejobs，butanattractivewomaninatraditionallymasculinepositionappearstolackthe“masculine”qualitiesrequired.Thisistrueeveninpolitics.“Whentheonlyclueishowheorshelooks，peopletreatmenandwomendifferently，”saysAnneBowman，whorecentlypublishedastudyontheeffectsofattractivenessonpoliticalcandidates.Sheasked125undergraduatestudentstoranktwogroupsofphotographs，oneofmenandoneofwomen，inorderofattractiveness.Thestudentsweretoldthephotographswereofcandidatesforpoliticaloffices.Theywereaskedtorankthemagain，intheordertheywouldvoteforthem.Theresultsshowedthatattractivemalesutterlydefeatedunattractivemen，butthewomenwhohadbeenrankedmostattractiveinvariablyreceivedthefewestvotes.文章大意：本文是一篇议论文，美丽常被人们看作是值得赞颂的，它往往代表着幸福，健康，美好的婚姻及好的工作，但是在政府部门，美丽，尤其对女性来说，却成了劣势。67．Theunderlinedword“liability”(inPara.1)mostprobablymeans“________”．A．misfortuneB．instabilityC．disadvantageD．burden答案：C 细节理解题。根据文章中第一段：前面讲了美丽常被人们看作是值得赞颂的，它往往代表着幸福，健康，美好的婚姻及好的工作，Butintheexecutivecircle，可知，此处表转折。注意But。68．Bowman'sexperimentrevealsthatwhenitcomestopolitics，attractiveness________.A．turnsouttobeanobstacletomenB．affectsmenandwomenalikeC．hasaslittleeffectonmenasonwomenD．ismoreofanobstaclethanabenefittowomen答案：D 推理判断题。根据文章中第七，八两段：有魅力的男性彻底击败了没有魅力的男性，而那些被认为最有魅力的女性却得到最少的选票，由此可以推出，在政界，对于女性来说，魅力是一个障碍，而不是益处。17\n69．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatpeople'sviewsonbeautyareoften________.A．practicalB．prejudicedC．oldfashionedD．pessimistic答案：B 推理判断题。由第一段可知，美丽常被人们看作是值得赞颂的，它往往代表着幸福，健康，美好的婚姻及好的工作，由此可见，人们对于美丽的看法是有偏见的。practical“实际的”；prejudiced“偏见的”；oldfashioned“过时的”；pessimistic“悲观的”。70．Theauthorwritesthispassageto________.A．demandequalrightsforwomenB．emphasizetheimportanceofappearanceC．discussthenegativeaspectsofbeingattractiveD．giveadvicetojobseekerswhoareattractive答案：C 主旨大意题。美丽常被人们看作是值得赞颂的，它往往代表着幸福，健康，美好的婚姻及好的工作，但那并不是文章的主要方面，文章主要讲的是魅力给行政部门和政界中的女性所造成的不利影响，由此可见，作者写这篇文章的目的，要讨论有魅力的消极方面。E(2022·宜春市五校联考)Technologyismakinglifeeasierforsomedairyfarmers.Theyuseroboticsystemstomilktheircows.Cowsaretrainedtofollowaseriesofpathsthatleadtomilkingstations.Onlyonecowatatimecanenterastation.Onceinside，thecowisrewardedwithfood.Asthecoweats，aroboticarmcleansandconnectstheanimaltothemilkingmachine.Afewminuteslater，milkingiscomplete.Thegateisopened，thecowisreleasedandthenextcowenters.Theroboticsystemsaredesignedtooperate24hoursaday.Thecowsgettodecidewhentheywanttobemilked.Cowsaremilkedanaverageofaboutthreetimesaday.Somearemilkedfourtosixtimesaday.Thecowswearcollarsaroundtheirnecksthatidentifythemtothesystem.Acomputerkeepsrecordsontheireatingandmilking.Acowisreleasedfromthestationifthecomputerdecidesitshouldnotbemilked.Theautomatedsystemalsomeasuresthetemperatureandcoloroffreshlyproducedmilk.Milkisthrownawayifitdoesnotpassthetests.ProfessorPlautbelievesthesystemswillappealespeciallytothenext17\ngenerationoffarmers.Shemeansyoungpeoplewhoaremoreinterestedintechnologyandlessinterestedinworkingallthetimeonthefarm.Still，shesaysthepriceofroboticmilkingsystemswillcontinuetolimittheiruse.DougandTinaSuhrhavemorethan100cowsontheirfamilyfarm.LastyearitbecamethefourthfarminsoutheastMinnesotatogetaroboticmilkingsystem.Arecentstoryinalocalagriculturalnewspapersaidthefirstrobotcost175000dollars.Thesecondcost150000.DougtoldAgriNewsthatwagesthatwouldhavebeenpaidforoneemployeeinfiveyearswillpayforonerobot.Hesaystheincreaseinmilkproductionreachesahighofmorethansixkilogramspercowperday.文章大意：本文主要介绍了农场利用机器人系统来挤奶的情况。71．Fromthefirstparagraph，wecaninfer________.A．theroboticsystemisdesignedtoreducelaborB．cowscanberaisedbyrobotsinthefutureC．robotsdirectcowsintomilkingstationsD．cowsarekeptcleanbyrobotsonsomefarms答案：A 推理判断题。由第一段中的“Technologyismakinglifeeasierforsomedairyfarmers.Theyuseroboticsystemstomilktheircows.Cowsaretrainedtofollowaseriesofpathsthatleadtomilkingstations.”可知科技使一些奶农生活更轻松。他们使用机器人系统挤奶。由此可知这种系统是为了减少人们的劳动量。72．Besidesmilkingcows，theroboticsystemalsocan________.A．adjustthetemperatureofmilkingstationsB．judgethequalityoffreshmilkC．improvetheappetiteofcowsD．keepfreshmilkfortwoweeks答案：B 细节理解题。由第五段“Theautomatedsystemalsomeasuresthetemperatureandcoloroffreshlyproducedmilk.Milkisthrownawayifitdoesnotpassthetests.”可知这个自动化系统还能测量新产出来的牛奶的温度和颜色。如果没有通过测试，牛奶就被扔掉，故答案为B项。73．Whyistheroboticsystemnotpopularnow?A．Becauseyoungpeoplehavenointerestinit.B．Becauseitisdifficulttolearnhowtouseit.C．Becausepeoplecan'taffordtobuyit.D．Becauseitusuallycausesthewasteofmilk.17\n答案：C 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“Still，shesaysthepriceofroboticmilkingsystemswillcontinuetolimittheiruse.”可知，人们买不起这种设备所以它现在不流行。74．AccordingtoDoug，whatisthewageofanemployee?A．150000～170000.B．750000.C．150000～30000.D．30000～32000答案：D 数字计算题。根据最后一段的“wagesthatwouldhavepaidforoneemployeeinfiveyearswillpayforonerobot”可知。75．Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe________.A．LettingrobotmilkyourcowB．MilkingcowsbyhandC．ImprovingthequalityofmilkD．Drinkingfreshmilkeveryday答案：A 标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了农场利用机器人系统来挤奶的情况，所以选A。第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共35分)第四部分：书面表达(满分35分)(2022·广元市普高统考)假如你是王华，最近你在浏览一个美国中学网站时，看到一位名叫Stephen的中学学生的留言，他计划在暑假期间到中国的一些文化特色鲜明的地方去旅游，希望能有一名中国学生做他的导游。你对此很感兴趣，请根据以下要点提示写一封email给他，介绍你的相关情况。词数120词左右，可适当发挥。1．如何得知他的愿望；2．希望做他的导游；3．打算如何给他做导游；4．期盼他的回复。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________17\n[范文借鉴]DearStephen，Recently,whilebrowsingaseniorhighschoolwebsiteoftheUSA,Isawthemessageyoupostedonit.IknowyouhaveplannedtotraveltoChinaandneedastudenttoserveasyourguide.I'mwritingtoapplyforthejob.I'llshowyouaroundmanyplacesofinterestintroducingalargenumberofoldbuildings,traditionalcustoms,specialculturalactivitiestoyou.Youwillhaveadeeperimpressionoftheseplaces.AndI'llalsoinviteyoutoplayandtalkwiththelocalpeopletolearnmoreabouttheirlife.IthinkIcanhelpyouwithyourcommunicationwell.Allinall,Ihopeyou'llbelieveinmyexcellentabilityofguiding.Lookingforwardtoyourimmediatereply.Yours，WangHua17
